Bismuth (III) bromide

Crystal structure
__  Bi 3+      __  Br -
Crystal system	monoclinic
Space group	P 2 1 / n (No. 14, position 2)
Lattice parameters	a = 842.9 pm b = 984.8 pm c = 675.6 pm β = 109.65 °
General
Surname	Bismuth (III) bromide
other names	Bismuth tribromide Tribromobismutine
Ratio formula	BiBr 3
Brief description	orange-yellow solid
External identifiers / databases
CAS number 7787-58-8 EC number 232-121-1 ECHA InfoCard 100.029.201 PubChem 82232 Wikidata Q2614358
properties
Molar mass	448.69 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	5.7 g cm −3 (25 ° C)
Melting point	218 ° C
boiling point	461 ° C
solubility	reacts with water soluble in hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid and ethanol
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances danger H and P phrases H: 314 P: 280-305 + 351 + 338-310
Thermodynamic properties
ΔH f 0	−276 kJ mol −1
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Bismuth (III) bromide is an inorganic chemical compound of bismuth from the group of bromides .

Extraction and presentation

Bismuth (III) bromide can be obtained by reacting bismuth with bromine at 250 ° C.

${\displaystyle {\ce {2Bi + 3Br2 -> 2BiBr3}}}$

properties

Bismuth (III) bromide is a hygroscopic , yellow to orange-yellow, crystalline solid that reacts with water to form bismuth oxide bromide. It has a monoclinic crystal structure with the space group P 2 ₁ / n (space group no. 14, position 2) . When melted, the compound is deep red. In the gaseous state the structure is pyramidal. In the solid state there are two forms with a transition temperature of 158 ° C. The low-temperature form α-bismuth (III) bromide has a distorted octahedral BiBr ₆ structure with three short and three long Bi-Br bonds. The high temperature form is isotypic to the structure of aluminum chloride . The connection to bismuth (I) bromide can be reduced with bismuth .

use

Bismuth (III) bromide can be used as a catalyst for the formation of cyclic carbonates , which are important starting materials for polycarbonates and other polymeric materials. It can also be used as a catalyst for further organic syntheses.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ H. von Benda: On the polymorphism of the bismuth tribromide . In: Zeitschrift für Kristallographie , 1980 , 151 , pp. 271-285 doi : 10.1524 / zkri.1980.151.3-4.271 .
2. ↑ ^{a b c d e f} Georg Brauer (Ed.), With the collaboration of Marianne Baudler u. a .: Handbook of Preparative Inorganic Chemistry. 3rd, revised edition. Volume I, Ferdinand Enke, Stuttgart 1975, ISBN 3-432-02328-6 , p. 599.
3. ↑ ^{a b c d e} data sheet Bismuth (III) bromide, anhydrous, powder, 99.999% trace metals basis from Sigma-Aldrich , accessed on January 1, 2014 ( PDF ).
4. ^ ^{A b c} Jean d'Ans, Ellen Lax, Roger Blachnik: Pocket book for chemists and physicists . Springer DE, 1998, ISBN 3-642-58842-5 , pp. 336 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
5. ^ AF Holleman , N. Wiberg : Inorganische Chemie . 103rd edition. Volume 1: Basics and main group elements. Walter de Gruyter, Berlin / Boston 2016, ISBN 978-3-11-049585-0 , p. 952 (reading sample: Part A - Basics of the chemistry of hydrogen. Google book search ).
6. ^ NC Norman: Chemistry of Arsenic, Antimony and Bismuth . Springer, 1998, ISBN 0-7514-0389-X , p. 95 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
7. ↑ Erwin Riedel, Christoph Janiak: Inorganic Chemistry . Walter de Gruyter, 2011, ISBN 3-11-022567-0 , p. 511 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
8. ↑ Thierry Ollevier: Bismuth-Mediated Organic Reactions . Springer, 2012, ISBN 3-642-27238-X , p. 62 ( limited preview in Google Book search).