Bodden bulrush

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Bodden bulrush
Bodden bulrush (Juncus gerardii)

Bodden bulrush ( Juncus gerardii )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Rush Family (Juncaceae)
Genre : Rushes ( Juncus )
Type : Bodden bulrush
Scientific name
Juncus gerardii
Loisel.

The Bodden rush ( Juncus gerardii ), also known as Botten rush or salt rush , belongs to the rush family (Juncaceae). In contrast to many other species of the Juncus genus , the Bodden rush is very popular with cattle, both fresh and dry, due to the compact and slightly fleshy substance of the stems and leaves. It is a characteristic of the coastal salt marshes .

Subspecies and their distribution

According to Kirschner, J. et al. (2002) the following subspecies are distinguished:

  • Juncus gerardii subsp. atrofuscus (Rupr.) Printz : It occurs in northern and northeastern Europe.
  • Juncus gerardii subsp. gerardii : It occurs almost everywhere in Europe, also in West and Central Asia, North America (Canada to the north of the USA) and in North Africa.
  • Juncus gerardii subsp. montanus Snogerup : It occurs in Spain and northern Morocco.

Location and socialization

The Bodden rush grows on moist, salt-influenced areas, such as the salt marshes of the coasts or in salt pans and other salt locations in the inland. On the coasts, the Bodden rush is the characteristic of the plant community (association) of the Bodden rush lawn ( Juncetum gerardii (Warming 1906) Du Rietz 1923). Here it grows together with salt marsh red fescue ( Festuca salina ), beach carnation ( Armeria maritima ), English spoonwort ( Cochlearia anglica ) and beach mugwort ( Artemisia maritima ). Society is only rarely flooded, at best by extreme floods. In the inland it is locally the characteristic of the association of the flat rush society ( Juncetum compressi Br.-Bl. 1918 ex Libb. 1932).

description

The Bodden rush is a hibernating green, perennial, herbaceous plant that reaches heights of between 10 and 30 centimeters. It forms loose, bright green to olive green lawns over short runners. But it is seldom a stock-building. The leafy stems grow upright. They are rigid and almost round. The leaves are compressed and runny and filled with a chambered pith.

The inflorescence is a loose, floriferous spiral with initially upright branches. The lowest bract is shorter than the spiral. The six tepals are pointed, black-brown and have a lighter central nerve and a membranous edge. They are about as long as the fruit. The flowers also have six short stamens a style with three stigmas and which are as long as the ovary at the time of flowering. The capsule is elliptical and dark brown and only slightly longer than the tepals. The sticky seeds are about 0.6 mm long. The bulrush blooms between June and August.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 80 or 84.

ecology

The diaspores spread by adhering to the fur or feathers of animals ( epizoochory ). The flowers are pollinated by the wind ( anemophilia ), as is the case with all species of the Juncus genus . As a half-light to full-light plant, the bulrush does not tolerate any shade. The plant has its ecological focus on moist to periodically flooded, base-rich and salty, pure sand or salt clay soils.

See also

Sources and further information

literature

  • J. Grau, BP Kremer, BM Möseler, G. Rambold & D. Triebel: Grasses. Mosaik-Verlag, Munich 1996, ISBN 3-576-10702-9 .
  • Henning Haeupler , Thomas Muer: picture atlas of the fern and flowering plants of Germany (= the fern and flowering plants of Germany. Volume 2). Published by the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3364-4 .
  • E. Oberdorfer: Plant-sociological excursion flora. Ulmer, Stuttgart 1994, ISBN 3-8252-1828-7 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (ed.): Juncus gerardii. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 12, 2016.
  2. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp.  147 .

Web links

Commons : Bodden-Binse ( Juncus gerardii )  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files