Beach plant

Sandy salt marsh area in Sankt Peter-Ording

Beach plants are part of the natural coastal vegetation in our climate zone and play an important role as pioneer plants , for coastal fortification and land reclamation . The vegetation of the beach and the dry dunes is summarized under the term Xeroserie . Plants from the adjacent areas, which are often found on the beach, are also listed here.

Beach plants of the German North and Baltic Sea coast

• White ostrich grass , Agrostis stolonifera
• Allium kochii , dune group from vineyard leek , Allium vineale L. sl
• Reed foxtail , Alopecurus arundinaceus
• Common beach grass , Ammophila arenaria
• Coastal angelica , Angelica archangelica subsp. litoralis
• Beach wound clover , Anthyllis vulneraria subsp. maritima (Schweigg.) Corb.
• Real celery , Apium graveolens
• Beach carnation , Armeria maritima
  • Sand carnation , A. maritima subsp. elongata
  • Beach carnation , A. maritima subsp. maritima
• Beach wormwood , Artemisia maritima
• Strandaster , Aster tripolium
• Report to Atriplex
  • Arrow-leaved message , Atriplex calotheca
  • Bald head , atriplex glabriuscula
  • Shrub-Melde , Atriplex halimus (whether in Central Europe?)
  • Lobed bullet , Atriplex laciniata
  • Beach Melde , Atriplex littoralis
  • Stalk-Melde , Atriplex longipes
  • Spit-report , atriplex prostrata

• Wild turnip or wild beetroot Beta vulgaris subsp. maritima
• Compressed spring rush , Blysmus compressus
• Red spring rush , Blysmus rufus
• Common beach ledges , Bolboschoenus maritimus
• Dune Trespe , Bromus thominei
• Salt rabbit ear , Bupleurum tenuissimum

• European sea mustard , Cakile maritima
• Land riding grass , Calamagrostis epigejos
• Baltic beach grass , X Calammophila baltica (Flüggé ex Schrad.) Brand
• Bindweed , Calystegia
  • Beach Winds , Calystegia soldanella
  • True bindweed , Calystegia sepium subsp. baltica (Rothm.)
• Sand Sedge , Carex arenaria
• Distant sedge , Carex distans
• Beach sedge , Carex extensa
• Beach centaury , Centaurium littorale
• Lesser centaury , Centaurium pulchellum
• Four-male hornwort , Cerastium diffusum
• Sticky hornwort , Cerastium dubium
• Thick-leaved goosefoot , Chenopodium chenopodioides
• Gray-green goosefoot , Chenopodium glaucum
• Spoonweeds , cochlearia
  • English spoonbill , Cochlearia anglica
  • Danish spoonweed , Cochlearia danica
  • Spoonbill Cochlearia officinalis
• Silver grass , Corynephorus canescens
• Real sea kale , Crambe maritima
• Sea fennel , Crithmum maritimum

• Marsh rushes , Eleocharis
  • Dwarf rush , Eleocharis parvula
  • Arm-flowered swamp rush , Eleocharis quinqueflora (Hartmann) O. Schwarz,
• Couch grass , Elymus
  • Dune couch grass , Elymus athericus
  • Common couch grass , Elymus farctus
  • Beach creeper , Elymus repens subsp. littoreus
• Dune Heron-Beak , Erodium ballii Jord.
• Sea thistle , Eryngium maritimum
• Beach Spurge , Euphorbia paralias

• Red fescue group, ( Festuca rubra agg.)
  • Salt marsh red fescue , Festuca salina
  • Dune red fescue , Festuca arenaria

• Coastal dyer's gorse , Genista tinctoria L. subsp. littoralis (Corb.) Rothm.
• Lung gentian , Gentiana pneumonanthe
• Yellow horn poppy , Glaucium flavum
• Beach milkweed , Glaux maritima

• Wedge report , Halimione
  • Pedunculated wedge , Halimione pedunculata
  • Purslane wedge , Halimione portulacoides
• Sea buckthorn , Hippophae rhamnoides
• Chickweed , Honckenya peploides
• Beach barley , Hordeum marinum

• Mountain sand bells , Jasione montana
• Juncus
  • Limb bulrush , Juncus articulatus ( subsp.litoralis )
  • Baltic bulrush , Juncus balticus
  • Bodden bulrush , Juncus gerardii
  • Sea-beach bulrush Juncus maritimus Lam.

• Tatar lettuce , Lactuca tatarica , ( neophyte )
• Beach pea , Lathyrus japonicus
• Pepper herb , Lepidium latifolium
• Beach rye , Leymus arenarius
• Common sea lavender , Limonium vulgare
• European Strandling , Littorella uniflora
• Asparagus pea , lotus maritimus
• Salt horn clover , Lotus tenuis

• Toothed sweet clover , Melilotus dentatus (Waldst. & Kit.) Pers.,
• Small mouse tail , Myosurus minimus

• Salt tooth rust , Odontites litoralis

• Curved thin tail , Parapholis strigosa
• Felty butterbur , Petasites spurius
• Plantain , Plantago
  • Beach plantain , Plantago maritima
  • Crow's foot plantain , Plantago coronopus
• Common finial
  • Polygala vulgaris subsp. collina
• Beach knotweed , Polygonum oxyspermum
• Fingerwort , Potentilla anserina
• Andel , Puccinellia maritima

• Beach radish , Raphanus raphanistrum ssp. maritime
• Potato rose , rosa rugosa , ( neophyte )
• Dune rose , Rosa spinosissima
• Beach dock Rumex maritimus
• Beach balance Ruppia maritima L.

• Beach Mastwort , Sagina maritima
• Coastal fattening herb , Sagina procumbens var. Littoralis Rchb.
• Samphire , Salicornia
  • European samphire , Salicornia europaea agg.
  • Samphire samphire , Salicornia stricta
• Creeping willow , Salix repens (with three subspecies)
• Potash brine , Kali turgida (formerly Salsola kali )
• Salzbunge , Samolus valerandi
• Salt rush , Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
• Dune Jacob's Ragwort , Senecio jacobaea subsp. dunensis (Dumort.) Kadereit & PD Sell
• Horse carpet , Smyrnium olusatrum
• Mud grass , Spartina
  • Salt mud grass , Spartina anglica , ( neophyte )
  • Spartina maritima
  • Spartina × townsendii
• Winged chickweed , Spergularia media
• Salt chickweed , Spergularia salina
• Wire-haired thorn , Spirobassia hirsuta
• Strandode , Suaeda Maritima

• Knotty burdock chervil , Torilis nodosa
• Clover , trifolium
  • Strawberry clover Trifolium fragiferum subsp. fragiferum
  • Coastal meadow clover , Trifolium pratense subsp. maritime
  • White clover Trifolium repens subsp. pratense var. maritimum
• Beach trident , Triglochin maritimum
• Marsh trident , Triglochin palustris
• Beach chamomile , Tripleurospermum
  • Real beach chamomile , Tripleurospermum maritimum
  • Odorless beach chamomile , Tripleurospermum perforatum

• Dune pansy, Viola tricolor var. Maritima

• Common seaweed , Zostera marina

• As a salt-bearing crop plant is from about 300 AD. Vicia faba var. Minor detected on the North Sea coast (Wurten Elisenhof, Eider Estuary ).

The subspecies of the white clover pratense with the variety maritimum occurs only along the Baltic Sea coast. It is easily recognizable by the thick hair on the stems and leaves.

See also

• Halophiles , salt plants , salt marsh , dune , coastal dune , beach
• List of vascular plants in Germany
• Plant sociological units according to Oberdorfer
• Salt number , salt tolerance , salt concentration in the root area, 1 not salt tolerant to 9 extremely salt tolerant

swell

• Dr. Paul Kuckuck, JF Lehmanns: Der Strandwanderer , Munich, 1952

literature

• NORDHEIM, H. VON and MERCK, T. (Ed.) (1995): Red list of biotope types, animal and plant species in the German Wadden Sea and North Sea area . Schr.R. f. Landscaping u. Natursch. 44.139 pp., € 15.24 ISBN 3-89624-101-X
• MERCK, T. and NORDHEIM, H. VON (edit.) (1996): Red lists and species lists of animals and plants in the German marine and coastal area of ​​the Baltic Sea . Schr.R. f. Landscaping u. Natursch. 48, 108 pp., € 10.12 ISBN 3-89624-104-4

Web links

• National Park Atlas Hamburg Wadden Sea with a list of species in the appendix
• Kew Index of World Grass Species
• Botanical excursion to Schiermonnikoog / Netherlands
• The butterfly fauna of the salt areas in Germany
• A flora list from Amrum
• Schutzstation-wattenmeer.de: Plants
• TMAP typology for the salt marsh vegetation