Distant sedge

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Distant sedge
Distant sedge (Carex distans)

Distant sedge ( Carex distans )

Systematics
Monocots
Commelinids
Order : Sweet grass (Poales)
Family : Sourgrass family (Cyperaceae)
Genre : Sedges ( Carex )
Type : Distant sedge
Scientific name
Carex distans
L.

The distant sedge ( Carex distans ) is a species of the genus Seggen ( Carex ) within the sour grass family (Cyperaceae).

description

Upper male ears

Vegetative characteristics

The distant sedge is an evergreen, perennial , herbaceous plant that reaches stature heights of 20 to 60, rarely up to 100 centimeters. It grows tightly clumpy and does not form runners. The stems are triangular, smooth and curved.

The simple, gray-green leaves are rough on top, 2 to 3 mm wide, significantly shorter than the stem and suddenly pointed at the top. The ligule measures 2 to 3 mm. The abdominal vaginal wall has a dry-skinned appendage. The basal leaf sheaths are brown and slightly frayed.

It is a varietal sedge from the Carex subgenus . There is one male ear and two to three female ears . They grow up to 3 cm long, are erect to nodding and stand apart. The lower one is stalked and sits roughly in the middle of the stem. The bracts have long sheaths and are usually significantly longer than the spikelets, but shorter than the entire inflorescence. The bract is ovate-spiky and rust-red in color with a green central stripe. It stands upright and has short eyelashes at the end. It's shorter than the fruit.

This is a nutlet and 4 to 5 mm long, glabrous, dull, yellow-green with brown spots or brown-tipped. It is suddenly narrowed into a spreading beak that is rough inside and out. She has three scars .

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 72 or 74.

ecology

The flowering period extends from May to June. The pollination is carried by the wind ( anemophily ). The diaspores are spread out by the wind ( anemochory ).

Occurrence

The distant sedge is common in the warm temperate areas of the northern hemisphere . It is a Mediterranean to moderate European floral element . In western, central, southern and southeastern Europe it occurs widespread, to the east there are isolated occurrences in central Russia up to the Volga ; in northern Europe it occurs only in southern Scandinavia and the Baltic states , otherwise it is absent there; there are also deposits in the Azores , Madeira , in North Africa, in the southwest of the Sinai to Iran and to Japan and Korea. It is rare in Central Europe and is absent in large areas there.

It grows in Central Europe on wet meadows, paths, in swamps and limestone bogs . In the coastal area it is often found in salt meadows . In inland it shows salt and gypsum soils . The distant sedge inhabits lime, gypsum or table salt rich, moist, loamy - clayey , heavy soils . It does not make high demands on the air quality of the soil. It shows soil compaction. It occurs up to the montane altitude level and rises to altitudes of 2000 meters. She avoids cold spots. In the Allgäu Alps it rises east of Hinterstein up to 1000 m above sea level.

In the plant-sociological system, it is a species of sea carnation meadows ( Armerion maritimae ) on the coasts , otherwise of Molinion caeruleae and Caricion davallianae .

Systematics

One can distinguish between two subspecies:

  • Carex distans subsp. distans : It occurs in the Azores, in Europe and from the Mediterranean area to Japan.
  • Carex distans subsp. oranensis (trot) Jahand. & Maire : It occurs in Morocco, Algeria and Tunisia.

literature

  • Siegmund Seybold (Ed.): Schmeil-Fitschen interactive . CD-ROM, version 1.1. Quelle & Meyer, Wiebelsheim 2002, ISBN 3-494-01327-6 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: Our grasses. Sweet grasses, sour grasses, rushes. 10th edition. Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 1991, ISBN 3-440-06201-5 , p. 176.
  • Oskar Sebald, Siegmund Seybold, Georg Philippi, Arno Wörz (eds.): The fern and flowering plants of Baden-Württemberg . tape 8 : Special part (Spermatophyta, subclasses Commelinidae part 2, Arecidae, Liliidae part 2): Juncaceae to Orchidaceae . Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 1998, ISBN 3-8001-3359-8 .
  • Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 5 : Swan flowers to duckweed plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 , pp. 190 .
  2. ↑ a b c d Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Carex distans. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved October 18, 2016.
  3. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 1, IHW, Eching 2001, ISBN 3-930167-50-6 , p. 277.

Web links

Commons : Distant Sedge ( Carex distans )  - album containing pictures, videos and audio files