Briggsiopsis delavayi

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Briggsiopsis delavayi
Systematics
Euasterids I
Order : Mint family (Lamiales)
Family : Gesneriaceae (Gesneriaceae)
Didymocarpoide Gesneriaceae
Genre : Briggsiopsis
Type : Briggsiopsis delavayi
Scientific name of the  genus
Briggsiopsis
KYPan
Scientific name of the  species
Briggsiopsis delavayi
( Franch. ) KYPan

Briggsiopsis delavayi is the only kind of monotypic genus Briggsiopsis in the family of Gesneriad (Gesneriaceae).

description

Appearance and leaf

Briggsiopsis delavayi grows lithophytically as an evergreen perennial , herbaceous plant . It forms rhizomes . The simple stem is no more than 4 centimeters long or hardly recognizable.

The few leaves are basal or concentrated in the upper area of ​​the stem and divided into a petiole and a leaf blade. The gray, shaggy hairy ( trichome ) leaf stalk is 2.5 to 14 centimeters long. The simple ( indument ) leaf blade , with gray shaggy hair on both sides, is ovoid to almost circular with a length of 4 to 12 centimeters and a width of 3.2 to 7.5 centimeters with a rounded to heart-shaped blade base and rounded upper end. The leaf margin is smooth or wavy .

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering time in China is in August. The lateral, 6 to 12 centimeters long inflorescence stem is hairy gray shaggy. In the zymous inflorescence there are usually only one to three flowers arranged loosely. The two opposite bracts are linear to lanceolate with a length of 3 to 6 millimeters. The finely downy hairy bracts are linear. The flower stalk is finely hairy.

The hermaphrodite flowers are five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five equal, with a length of 5 to 13 centimeters and a width of 1 to 2 centimeters, linear to lanceolate sepals are only fused at their base to form a radially symmetrical calyx and have gray shaggy hair on the outside. The five white, white shaggy haired on the outside, bald and purple-colored striped on the inside, 4 to 4.5 centimeters long petals are fused into a corolla tube and are 2.5 to 3.5 centimeters long and 1.2 to 1 in diameter .5 centimeters much longer than the coronet. The corolla tube is bent slightly downwards in the direction of the coronet. The zygomorphic , funnel-shaped corolla is two-lipped. The five upper lip is about 7 millimeters long and ends in two corolla lobes. The lower lip is 1.1 centimeters and ends in three somewhat dissimilar corolla lobes are almost circular with a length of 4 to 5 millimeters with rounded upper ends. There are two unequal pairs of fertile stamens ; they do not tower above the corolla tube. The upper pair of stamens is about 1 inch and the lower pair about 1.3 inches long. The stamens are inserted near the center of the corolla tube. The basifix anthers are connected to each other at the top. The almost parallel counters open longitudinally. The only staminodium is fused with the adaxial side inside the corolla tube and is about 1.8 millimeters long. Nectar is produced in the ring-shaped disc , which is deeply five-lobed. and the nectaries are cup-shaped. The upper, two-chambered ovary is elongated. Only the upper ovary chamber is fertile with placenta. In Briggsiopsis the placentation is central angled. The approximately 2.3 centimeter long pistil is bare. The stylus is about 1.5 inches long. The scar has two identical scar lobes that are obovate and undivided.

Fruit and seeds

The capsule fruit standing crooked on the fruit stalk is elongated at a length of about 1.2 centimeters and much longer than the calyx. When ripe, the capsule fruit opens in a way that is fissured or loculicidal with two fruit valves towards its base; the two fruit flaps stay straight and do not twist. The very fine seeds have no appendages.

Chromosome set

Chromosome number is 2n = 34.

Occurrence

Briggsiopsis delavayi occurs only in the Chinese province of Guizhou (only in Xishui County ) in southern to central Sichuan and in northeastern Yunnan (only in Yanjin County ).

It thrives in shady, damp locations in forests, on flowing waters and on rocks in mountain regions at altitudes of 200 to 1500 meters.

Systematics

It was first described in 1899 under the name ( Basionym ) Didissandra delavayi by Adrien René Franchet in Bulletin du Muséum d'Histoire Naturelle , Volume 5, Issue 5, page 250. The specific epithet delavayi honors the French Jesuit, missionary, explorer and botanist Pierre Jean Marie Delavay (1834–1895), who worked in the Empire of China. The genus Briggsiopsis was established in 1985 by Kai Yu Pan , in Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica , Volume 23, Issue 3, page 216 for the species Briggsiopsis delavayi (Franch.) KYPan . The botanical genus name Briggsiopsis is derived from the genus name Briggsia (also a genus of the Gesneriaceae) and the Greek suffix -όψις, - opsis for "looks similar". Pan established the new genus for this species, as only the upper carpel is fertile and the ovary is two-chambered, with the lower ovary chamber being small and empty. Otherwise the flowers are similar to those of Briggsia . Other synonyms for Briggsiopsis delavayi (Franch.) KYPan are: Didissandra beauverdiana H.Lév. , Briggsia beauverdiana (H.Lév.) Craib , Briggsia delavayi (Franch.) WYChun .

Briggsiopsis delavayi is the only species of the genus Briggsiopsis that belongs to the tribe Didymocarpeae from the Didymocarpoids within the Gesneriaceae family.

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Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Anton Weber, Laurence E. Skog: The Genera of Gesneriaceae from the Faculty of Botany at the University of Vienna & Department of Systematic Biology, Botany Smithsonian Institution , 2007: Briggsiopsis .
  2. ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y Wencai Wang, Kai-yu Pan, Zhen-yu Li, Anna L. Weitzman, Laurence E. Skog: Gesneriaceae in the Flora of China , Volume 18, 1998, pp. 280–281: Briggsiopsis and Briggsiopsis delavayi - the same text online as the printed work.
  3. ↑ Briggsiopsis delavayi in Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ^ YZ Wang, ZJ Gu: Karyomorphology of four species in Ancylostemon, Briggsiopsis and Lysionotus (Gesneriaceae). In: Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica , Volume 37, Issue 2, 1999, pp. 137-142.
  5. ↑ a b c Briggsiopsis delavayi at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed November 15, 2019.

Supplementary literature

  • ZY Li, YZ Wang: Plants of Gesneriaceae in China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, Zhengzhou, 2004, pp. 1-721.