Brodiaea jolonensis
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Brodiaea jolonensis |
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Brodiaea jolonensis is a species of the genus Brodiaea in the asparagus family (Asparagaceae). It occurs in the western US state of California . The populations in the Mexican state of Baja California differ in important characteristics and further research is required.
description
Vegetative characteristics
Brodiaea jolonensis grows as a perennial herbaceous plant . Plant tubers are formed as persistence organs . It is the Brodiaea species that produces only one narrow leaf per tuber during the growing season .
Generative characteristics
The flowering period in California extends from April or May to June. The slender inflorescence stem is 5 to 15 centimeters long. At the end of the inflorescence stem there is an open, golden inflorescence . The bracts also cases, this is still in bud during the inflorescence, not completely. There are also cover sheets . The flower stalk is 1 to 4 inches long.
The hermaphrodite flowers are radial symmetry and threefold. There are two circles, each with three bracts , which are fused at their base. The three outer bracts are slightly narrower with a width of 4 to 4.5 millimeters than the inner three, which are 5 to 7 millimeters wide. The six bluish-purple bracts are fused to form a narrow, bell-shaped, opaque, thick flower tube with a length of 7 to 9 millimeters, which also pops up until it is not fruit ripe. The corolla is a total of 14 to 24 millimeters long and the free part of the bracts is usually more than twice as long as the flower tube. The free part of the bracts is spread out at a length of 11 to 18 millimeters and curved back at the upper end; it is purple in the California populations but white in those in Baja California. In Brodiaea jolonensis there are three sterile stamens, i.e. staminodes , which are located within the bracts and are fused with them , which resemble small petals and each face the outer bracts. In the staminodes, which tend towards the stamens and are relatively wide with a width of 5 to 6 millimeters, the edge is rolled up to 1/4 and the upper end is wide and hood-shaped. The three fertile stamens are located opposite the inner bracts and are also fused at the base of the envelope. The base of the only 1 to 2 millimeter long stamens is broadened and forms a narrow, triangular, bilobed wing, but no appendages. The size and shape of the stamens and the structures at the base of the stamens are important determinants for the Brodiaea species. The anthers are linear with a length of 4 to 6 millimeters and the upper end is notched in a V-shape. Three carpels are long to a 5 to 7 millimeters, three crests membered ovary fused; it is a little purple in the California populations, but green in those in Baja California. The 5 to 7 millimeter long stylus ends in a three-lobed scar .
The egg-shaped capsule fruits open in folds = loculicide. The seeds are black.
Chromosome set and ingredients
The basic chromosome numbers are x = 6 and 18; there is diploidy with a chromosome number of 2n = 12 and 36.
In 1971 TF Niehaus was impressed by the special flavonoid chemistry compared to the other Brodiaea species.
Occurrence and endangerment
Brodiaea jolonensis occurs along the coast of California on the offshore islands of Santa Cruz , Santa Rosa and Santa Catalina . It thrives in grasslands, in the forests of mountain foothills, in coastal prairies and on plains on clay soils at altitudes of 0 to 300 meters. The populations in the southwestern part of the Mexican state of Baja California differ in important characteristics, and further studies are required.
Taxonomy
The first description of Brodiaea jolonensis was made in 1938 by Alice Eastwood in Leaflets of Western Botany , Volume 2, Issue 7, pages 111-112. " Mrs. Starr sn (May 1915) " (Institution: HT: CAS-167400) was deposited as type material .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Rafaël Govaerts (Ed.): Brodiaea jolonensis. In: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP) - The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew . Retrieved January 5, 2020.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j J. Chris Pires: In: Flora of North America Editorial Committee (Hrsg.): Flora of North America North of Mexico. Volume 26: Magnoliophyta: Liliidae: Liliales and Orchidales , Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, 2002, ISBN 0-19-515208-5 . Brodiaea jolonensis Eastwood , p. 325 - online with the same text as the printed work .
- ^ A b José Luis Villaseñor Ríos: Checklist of the native vascular plants of Mexico. Catálogo de las plantas vasculares nativas de México. In: Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad , Volume 87, Issue 3, 2016, pp. 559–902. doi : 10.1016 / j.rmb.2016.06.017
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l J. Chris Pires, Robert E. Preston: Brodiaea , 2012: Brodiaea jolonensis data sheet in Jepson Flora Project (ed.): Jepson eFlora .
- ↑ a b Brodiaea jolonensis at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed January 5, 2020.
