Bruno Hildebrand

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Bruno Hildebrand
Bust at Hildebrand's grave in the Johannisfriedhof in Jena, created by his son Adolf von Hildebrand

Friedrich Bruno Hildebrand (born March 6, 1812 in Naumburg (Saale) , † January 29, 1878 in Jena ) was a German economist and politician .

Life

Friedrich Bruno Hildebrand was born as the son of the district court clerk Johann Friedrich Christian Hildebrand (1780–1864) and his wife Johanne Rosine Leidecker (1783–1860). On March 30, 1826, he became a student at the Pforta State School , which he left at Easter 1832. to study theology at the University of Leipzig . However, he soon turned to philosophical, philological and historical studies. At that time he became an enthusiastic supporter of the old Leipzig fraternity . In 1832 he moved to the University of Breslau , where he had to go to prison for a long time at the end of 1834 because of his membership in the fraternity. He then occupied himself with history studies, received his doctorate in 1836 with the work De Veterum Saxonum republica scripsit as a doctor of philosophy and completed his habilitation in the same year with a continuation of the work in Breslau.

After he had secured his living as a teacher and librarian on the side, in 1839 he became an associate professor of history in Breslau. In the fall of 1841 he was given a full professorship for political science at the Philipps University of Marburg , where he soon came into conflict with the government due to his independent appearance. Nevertheless he was rector of the University of Marburg in 1844/45. In 1846 Hildebrand was charged and suspended because of an article of lese majesty published in the German London newspaper . His acquittal did not take place until the beginning of 1848. In 1848 he was a delegate in the pre-parliament . From May 18, 1848 until the end of the rump parliament on June 18, 1849, Hildebrand represented the constituency of Marburg in the Frankfurt National Assembly , where he was represented on the Economic Committee and the Committee on School and Church Affairs.

From 1849 to 1850 he represented Bockenheim in the state parliament of Hesse . He opposed Minister Hassenpflug , who had come back to power, most resolutely and, through his motion, caused the refusal of the financial subsidy he sought, which resulted in the dissolution of the meeting of the estates. In the fall of 1851 he left his Hessian residence and found a new activity at the University of Zurich . Here he became a co-founder of the Swiss Northeast Railway, of which he was co-director from 1853. In 1856 he moved to the University of Bern as a professor of economics , where he founded the first statistical bureau in Switzerland , and in 1857 became a co-founder and director of the East-West Railway , as well as co-founder of the savings and loan bank in Bern. During the construction phase of the Bernese East-West Railway, there were violent polemics against him and he had to endure passionate persecution.

In the winter semester of 1861/62 he accepted a call as professor of political and camera science at the Friedrich Schiller University in Jena . Here he received the title of a secret government councilor, was rector of the Alma Mater in the winter semester of 1865, in 1871 , on July 1, 1864 also director of the statistical office of the Thuringian states, and in the summer semester of 1868 he became director of the state science seminar. Hans von Scheel became one of his students here . He also took part in political activities again and became a member of the Thuringian state parliament for the Jena district . From 1872 he was a corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg . He received an honorary doctorate in law from the University of Zurich.

Hildebrand is counted among the important representatives of the older historical school of German economics, who interpreted an economic level theory that describes the transition from natural exchange to money and credit economy. His main work is entitled The National Economy of the Present and Future . From 1862 he published the yearbooks for economics and statistics and from 1866 worked on an official source work on Thuringia's statistics. Hildebrand's successor in Jena was Julius Pierstorff .

family

Bruno Hildebrand was in Breslau from 1839, married to Clementine Guttentag (born October 25, 1817 in Breslau; † May 17, 1879 in Jena), who came from a Jewish family. His son Richard Hildebrand (1840–1918) was also an economist, his son Adolf von Hildebrand (1847–1921) was one of the most famous German sculptors of his time. Otto Hildebrand (1858-1927) became professor of surgery in Berlin and the daughter Bertha Hildebrand († 1875) married in 1870 with the economist Johannes Conrad .

Fonts (selection)

  • De veterum Saxonum republica. Pars I. Breslau 1836 ( books.google.de ).
  • De veterum Saxonum republica. Pars II. Breslau 1836 ( ZBZOnline , books.google.de ).
  • Xenophontis et Aristotelis de oeconomia publica doctrinae illustratae. Pars I. II. Marburg 1845.
  • Collection of documents on the constitution and administration of the University of Marburg under Philip the Generous. NG Elwert, Marburg 1848 ( ZBZOnline , books.google.de ).
  • The national economy of the present and future. Volume I. Frankfurt a. M. 1848 ( ZBZOnline , books.google.de ).
  • Report of the Economic Committee on the draft of the German Home Law. Frankfurt a. M. 1848.
  • Glosses on the profitability prospects of the Lake Constance railways. St. Gallen 1853, doi: 10.3931 / e-rara-34923 ( books.google.de ).
  • Statistical reports on the economic conditions in the Electorate of Hesse. Berlin 1853 ( books.google.de ).
  • The Kurhessische Finanzverwaltung. Kassel 1860.
  • Studies on the population of ancient Italy. In the new Swiss Museum. Bern 1861.
  • De antiquissimae agri romani distributionis fide. Jena 1862.
  • Contributions to the statistics of the canton of Bern. Volume I: The Population. Bern 1863.
  • Statistics of Thuringia. Jena 1867–1878, 2 volumes. (1st volume books.google.de ).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Carl Friedrich Heinrich Bittcher: Gatekeeper Album. Directory of all teachers and students of the Royal. Prussia. Pforta State School, from 1543 to 1843. Friedrich Christian Wilhelm Vogel, Leipzig, 1843, p. 502 ( books.google.de ).
  2. ^ Foreign members of the Russian Academy of Sciences since 1724. Bruno Hildebrand. Russian Academy of Sciences, accessed August 18, 2015 .

Web links

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personal data
SURNAME Hildebrand, Bruno
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hildebrand, Friedrich Bruno
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German economist and politician
DATE OF BIRTH March 6, 1812
PLACE OF BIRTH Naumburg (Saale)
DATE OF DEATH January 29, 1878
Place of death Jena