Bucze (Przewóz)
| Bucze | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 Help on coat of arms |
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lebus | ||
| Powiat : | Żary | ||
| Gmina : | Przewóz | ||
| Geographic location : | 51 ° 27 ' N , 14 ° 58' E | ||
| Residents : | 73 (March 31, 2011) | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 68 | ||
| License plate : | FZA | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Droga wojewódzka 350 | ||
| Rail route : | formerly small train Horka – Rothenburg – Priebus | ||
| Next international airport : | Poznań | ||
| Dresden | |||
Bucze (German Buchwalde ) is a village in the Polish municipality of Przewóz ( Priebus ) in the south of the powiat Żarski ( Sorau ) and the Lebus Voivodeship .
geography
The village is located south of the village Przewóz (German Priebus ) between the Lausitzer Neisse in the west and the Voivodship Road 350 in the east. The height differences are more than 10 meters; the stop of the small train was 142.2 m above sea level. NN , the weir on the banks of the Neisse is about 136 m above sea level. NN .
Surrounding villages are Jamnno (Sichdichfür) and Lipna (Leippa) in the southeast, Dobrzyń (Dobers) in the south, Klein Priebus in the west, directly opposite on the other bank of the Neisse, and Podrosche in the northwest.
history
The alley village of Buchwalde, which originally belonged to the Priebus rule and was a parish after Priebus until the 17th century, belonged to the Muskau rule from 1450 at the latest . Since there were always disputes between the Muskau and Priebus rulers because of the Muskau villages in the Neissebogen near Priebus, Muskau was considering selling the villages of Werdeck , Podrosche , Klein Priebus and Buchwalde. It was not sold, but Buchwalde was lent out for a few years. Since 1552 at the latest, the place was again subject to the Muskau lords.
For over a century, Buchwalde was the site of an iron hammer that was driven by the water of the Neisse. Its beginnings are likely to be around the year 1509, and it was mainly lawn iron ore from the surrounding area that was melted. A land register of the rulership from 1552 shows that the hammer was operated about 25 weeks a year.
When the Thirty Years War broke out , Buchwalde had over 100 inhabitants, most of whom worked in the hammer. The hammer was destroyed by the effects of war and the population decreased. Four of the six Muskauer hammers could be rebuilt in the post-war period, including the one in Buchwalde. The import of cheap iron from Silesia made iron production increasingly unprofitable, so that a few years after it was set up, the hammers in Mocholz and Buchwalde were finally closed in the late 1660s.
After the ban on the Protestant faith in Silesia and the closure of the Protestant church in Priebus in 1668, a Protestant parish was founded in Podrosche, to which Buchwalde also belonged.
After Saxony fought on the French side in the Napoleonic Wars, it had to cede the eastern parts of Upper Lusatia to Prussia in the Peace of Vienna of 1815 . Subsequently, Buchwalde was assigned to the Rothenburg district . In August 1826 the mill burned down in Klein Priebus. The fire spread to buildings in Buchwalde, so that "the village [burned] almost completely."
With the construction of the Horka – Rothenburg – Priebus small railway , Buchwalde received a railway connection in 1907. From Buchwalde, a siding was laid across the Neisse to the Kleinpriebuser paper factory.
On April 1, 1938, several congregations merged in the area around Priebus, including Klein Priebus, which was incorporated into Buchwalde.
After the Second World War, the new border line between Germany and Poland ran through the municipality. Klein Priebus became an independent municipality again and Buchwalde came under Polish administration under the name Bucze.
The railway bridge, which was partially destroyed by the effects of the war, was no longer built after the war and the railway station was no longer served.
Population development
| year | Residents |
|---|---|
| 1782 | 99 |
| 1910 | 197 |
| 1919 | 210 |
| 1939 | 437 |
From the land register of 1552 it can be seen that ten possessed men and five cottagers ran in Buchwalde . For the year 1630 a population of nine possessed men, two gardeners and 11 cottagers is reported, but this decreased very much in the further course of the Thirty Years War (1618-1648), so that in 1647 15 farms were still inhabited and the remaining seven were desolate stood. As early as 1660, 20 farms were again inhabited, of which 11 were owned men, two gardeners and seven cottagers. While an additional gardener was recorded in 1708, the number of inhabitants decreased in the following period. For the year 1782, with five possessed men, three gardeners and seven cottagers only 15 inhabited farms have survived. The social structure rose slightly until 1810, compared to 1782 there were one less cottager and two more possessed men.
Between 1782 and 1910, the number of inhabitants doubled from around 100 to almost 200. A further slight increase and the incorporation of Klein Priebus resulted in 437 inhabitants in May 1939.
literature
- Hermann Graf von Arnim, Willi A. Boelcke: Muskau. Jurisdiction between the Spree and the Neisse . Ullstein, Berlin et al. 1978, ISBN 3-550-07377-1 .
Individual evidence
- ^ CIS 2011: Ludność w miejscowościach statystycznych według ekonomicznych grup wieku (Polish), March 31, 2011, accessed on May 28, 2017
- ^ A b Robert Pohl: Heimatbuch des Kreis Rothenburg O.-L. for school and home . Buchdruckerei Emil Hampel, Weißwasser O.-L. 1924, p. 82, 202 .
- ^ Arnim, Boelcke: Muskau . Page 599
- ↑ Buchwalde and Klein Priebus