Booth

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In German, small buildings or rooms of various kinds are called Bude .

etymology

Bude goes back to the Middle High German word buode (originally "hut, house"); In Swedish, bod still means small apartment or shop , the English booth for market stall, telephone booth or voting booth is linguistically related, as is the German farmer in the sense of bird farmer.

The booth in the Middle Ages

As early as the 12th century, booths were known as simple, temporary stalls made of wood that were later also used at fairs and fairs . In northern German coastal cities, the small houses of the poor fishermen were for a long time called stalls in order to separate them from the gabled houses of the wealthy merchants ; occasionally the cabins of river ships were also referred to as stalls . In Bremen the word Butze (derogatory for small, old house) reminds of this time. In addition, various place names such as Budda go back to Bude .

Change in meaning by the middle of the 20th century

The Grimm dictionary of 1860 already mentions compounds such as fish stall, lucky stall and fairground stall, which are still in use today. The famous Spielbudenplatz in Hamburg-St. Pauli got its name from the puppeteers' booths set up there . In the Hamburg Sahlhaus , the ground floor apartments with their own entrance were referred to as booths, in contrast to the seats on the upper floor. Since the 18th century, the term Bude has also been applied to furnished student rooms and (sometimes derogatory) to the workplace , e.g. B. in a factory . In the Ravensberger Land around Bünde, the Bude referred to the production branch of a tobacco factory from around 1860.

Around 1900 the word Bude experienced a real boom as a buzzword : in the language of schoolchildren and young people ( Bude for school buildings and classrooms), in the language of soldiers ( Bude for barracks or parlor ) and in colloquial language in general for cheap small apartments or shops and Stores; in this sense it is still used today, for example as a "ramshackle". The "Baubude" is also known as accommodation for construction workers. In the wild 1920s, the booth got a slightly slippery aftertaste: "Kesse Bude" for lesbian bars and sweet booth for the furnished rooms of accessible young ladies ("storm-free booth") were common.

In the 1950s, a new variant of meaning was added: Bude as the name for the football goal - because of the wire mesh- covered frame. But the booth also remained in vogue in student language during the 1950s and early 1960s: Imaginative new words such as "Budenknochen" for a roommate, "Budenkonzert" for the student dormitory, "Budenschachtel" for the landlady and "Budenschmuserei" for a small private party disappeared but with the 68 student movement again out of use. Only the “student shack” and the “Budenzauber” (secret party; in the Second World War also euphemistic for a major attack or barrage ) were able to hold up to this day. Phrases such as “move to the booth” (pay a visit that is not welcome) or “run into the booth” (come to visit with many people) are also widespread.

Fraternities also refer to their clubhouse as a booth.

Bude (pump room) in the Ruhr area

The booth as a drinking hall

Already in the second half of the 19th century, the booth had entered the stage of history in a very unique shape: the candy booth , seltzer Bude , in the Ruhr area also Klümpkesbude called (Klümpkes or lumps = sweets): Here they merged over the years with the The pump room and the kiosk became an independent phenomenon and simply became the booth . Anne Bude go , pick Zaretten , drink Pilsken and a Pläuschken hold : For many people in the Ruhr area which is Bude or kiosks remained an important place of social communication. According to research by the Duisburg-based photographer and journalist Wolfgang Schneider, there are around 18,000 of them in this region. They were particularly widespread after the Second World War, as little booths were built on many of the rubble plots that had been created through the destruction of the building fabric, often using what was still preserved as temporary buildings. Today, the number of booths is declining, especially in city centers, as the increased rental prices make it more difficult to operate profitably, and changes in leisure and shopping behavior also contribute to this. Nevertheless, Büdchen are considered typical of the local color and their disappearance is often vividly regretted.

Restored historical stalls can be found in the local history and natural history museum in Wanne-Eickel and in the Westphalian industrial museum Zeche Hannover in the Bochum district of Hordel .

The booth in youth culture

In a figurative sense, Bude also describes a phenomenon of rural youth culture : In the absence of appropriate leisure activities, so-called “wild get-togethers” arise outside the village community, where a hut or a trailer is converted into a clique get -together. Both this space and the group itself are called "Bude". In 2010 an exhibition on the topic of booths - youth culture in Upper Swabia took place in the Museum Villa Rot .

literature

  • Hoenes Foundation, Museum Villa Rot, Stefanie Dathe (Ed.): Buden . Biberacher Verlagsdruckerei, Biberach 2010, ISBN 978-3-933614-65-0 ( table of contents ) - for the exhibition on the phenomenon in Upper Swabian youth culture, Museum Villa Rot, Burgrieden
  • Helmut Höge: Sociable Budists , in: the daily newspaper, November 27, 2010

Web links

Wiktionary: Bude  - explanations of meanings, word origins, synonyms, translations