Bulat Schalwowitsch Okudschawa

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Postage stamp of Russia , Bulat Okudschawa, 1999 (Michel No. 760, Scott No. 6546)

Bulat Schalwowitsch Okudschawa ( Russian Булат Шалвович Окуджава , Georgian ბულატ ოკუჯავა , scientific transliteration Bulat Šalvovič Okudžava ; born May 9, 1924 in Moscow ; † June 12, 1997 in Paris ) was a Russian poet, chanson singer and writer. The dissident artist and co-founder of the genre of the Russian author's song was considered the Georges Brassens of the Soviet Union.

Life

Okudschawa was the son of a Georgian father and an Armenian mother. The father was a high KP functionary. In 1937 the parents were arrested and the father shot as an alleged Trotskyite . The mother spent 10 years in a Gulag labor camp as "the wife of an enemy of the people" . In 1940 Okudschawa moved to live with relatives in Tbilisi . In 1942 he was drafted into the army, fought as an artilleryman in World War II and was wounded in late 1942. In 1945 he graduated from high school in Tbilisi, studied philology at the Tbilisi State University until 1950 and became a teacher in the village of Shamordino in the Kaluga Oblast , later in Kaluga . After his mother's rehabilitation , he returned to his hometown Moscow in 1959.

He became an editor at the publishing house Molodaja Gwardija (Eng. 'Young Guard'), later head of the poetry department of the weekly newspaper Literaturnaja Gazeta . During the de-Stalinization phase , he performed non-conformist poems and accompanied them on the guitar. He had already written the first in Tbilisi and tried in vain to publish them. They were mostly metaphorical, melancholy and apolitical. In line with his youthful experiences, they had a pacifist tone and indirectly but firmly opposed oppression and conformity by the state. Because the media were closed to Okudschawa, private apartments in Moscow became his stage.

Okudschawa 1976 in the Palace of the Republic in East Berlin

There the songs were recorded on tape and quickly spread as Magnitisdat throughout the Soviet Union. Young people bought tape recorders, picked up guitars, and sang the songs. Okudschawa became the mouthpiece and one of the most important and well-known songwriters of the Soviet post-war generation.

His songs have been used in films since the 1960s, and his collaboration with the composer Isaak Schwarz , with whom he created a total of 32 songs , was particularly successful . At the same time, Okudschawa turned against censorship in literature, signed petitions against the imprisonment of authors and the repression against Alexander Solzhenitsyn . In the 1980s he wrote various prose works. Since the mid-1970s, his songs have also appeared on records

Bust of Okudschawas in Kielce

Okudschawa was also very popular in Poland . At the beginning of the 1980s Wolf Biermann translated songs by Bulat Okudschawa into German and included A kak perwaja ljubow (A как первая любовь, dt. Oh first love makes the heart mightily weak ) in his concert program. His songs have been translated into Polish and Czech , among others , and are particularly popular in Poland.

After the end of the Soviet Union, Boris Yeltsin appointed him to the Russian President's pardon commission in 1992 , which was supposed to correct misjudgments by the Soviet judiciary. He belonged to her until his death.

Okudschawa died on a reading tour in Paris and was buried in Moscow in the Vagankovo Cemetery. His hometown honored him with a monument in the Arbat district . The Bulat Okudschawa Foundation, supported by the Russian President, collects audio and video recordings of his recitations and concerts from all over the world. In total there are around 200 songs and around 1,000 poems. His songs are still used today for learning the Russian language .

Okudschawa was married to Olga Arzymowitsch. In addition to Russian, he also spoke Georgian .

Awards

additional

The asteroid (3149) Okudzhava , discovered in 1981 by the Czech astronomer Zdeňka Vávrová , was named after him. Okudschawa sang the Arbat Street in Moscow in the song about the Arbat . The Okujava House (house number 43) and a monument to Okujava are located on Arbat Street .

Works

  • Bulat Okudshawa: Take care . Henssel Verlag, Berlin 1963
  • Bulat Okudshawa: Poems and Chansons . Kindler, Munich 1969
  • Bulat Okudžava: The happy drummer: songs, chansons, ballads . Damokles-Verlag, Ahrensburg 1969
  • Bulat Okudshawa: selection . New life, Berlin 1975
  • Bulat S. Okudzava: The experiences of the police agent Schipow in the pursuit of the writer Tolstoy: Roman . Deutscher Taschenbuch-Verlag, Munich 1977
  • Bulat Okudžava: Proza i poezija . Possev, Frankfurt a. Main 1977
  • Bulat Okudshawa: Poor Avrosimov or the adventures of a secret writer: Roman . Volk & Welt, Berlin 1971
  • Bulat Okudshawa: Merci or the adventures of Schipow . Volk & Welt, Berlin, 1981
  • Bulat Okudschawa: The journey of the dilettantes I : Petersburg, Bertelsmann 1978, Rowohlt 1982
  • Bulat Okudschawa: The journey of the dilettantes II : The flight, Bertelsmann 1979, Rowohlt 1986
  • Bulat Okudshawa: The journey of the dilettantes : From the notes of the retired lieutenant Amiran Amilachwari , construction 1981
  • Bulat Okudshawa: Romance of the Arbat. Songs, poems . Edited by Leonhard Kossuth. Volk & Welt, Berlin 1985, ISBN 3-353-00245-6
  • Bulat Okudshawa: encounter with Bonaparte : historical novel . Volk & Welt, Berlin 1986
  • Bulat Okudshawa: Woman of my dreams: true stories . Volk & Welt, Berlin 1991, ISBN 3-353-00876-4
  • Bulat Okudshawa: Journey into Memory. The splendor and misery of a songwriter . Structure, Berlin 1997, ISBN 3-7466-1451-1
  • Vladimir S. Vysockij, Aleksandr A. Galic, Bulat S. Okudzava: Russian songwriters . Reclam, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-15-018056-2

Discography

  • Bulat Okudshawa: Songs 2 . Plans Pop, 1989
  • Bulat Okudshava: Poka semlja yeschtscho Wertitsja (Пока земля еще вертится) . SoLyd Records, 1994
  • Bulat Okudshava: A kak perwaja ljubow… (А как первая любовь) SoLyd Records, 1997
  • Bulat Okudshava: Amerikanski concert (Американский концерт) . SoLyd Records, 1998
  • Bulat Okudshava: Kogda opustejet Parish… Posledni concert w Parish (Когда опустеет Париж… Последний концерт в Париже) . 2002
  • Bulat Okudshava: Tschudesny wals: Concert 1969 (Чудесный вальс: Концерт 1969) . 2002

literature

  • Elena Bogdanova: A poet in Russia is more than a poet ...: B. Okudshawa . In: Literatur um 11 , Booklet XV, Marburg 1998, pp. 132-139
  • Dagmar Boss: The Soviet Author's Song . Verlag Otto Sagner, Munich 1985, ISBN 3-87690-323-8 .

Web links

Commons : Bulat Schalwowitsch Okudschawa  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Vladimir Tumanov: Usings Songs in the Foreign Language Classroom . ( Memento of the original from November 3, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF); with Jeff Tennant: Russian Language Journal . 54 (177-179), 2000, pp. 13-33. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / vladarticles.yolasite.com
  2. ^ Dictionary of Minor Planet Names - page 260
personal data
SURNAME Okudschawa, Bulat Schalwowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Okudshawa, Bulat
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian writer and songwriter
DATE OF BIRTH May 9, 1924
PLACE OF BIRTH Moscow
DATE OF DEATH June 12, 1997
Place of death Paris