Beetzendorf Castle
| Beetzendorf Castle | ||
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 Keep of the Beetzendorf castle ruins |
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| Alternative name (s): | Becendorf | |
| Creation time : | around 1200 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg | |
| Conservation status: | Keep, enclosing walls | |
| Standing position : | Nobles | |
| Construction: | Brick | |
| Place: | Beetzendorf | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 42 '15 " N , 11 ° 5' 42" E | |
| Height: | 35 m above sea level NN | |
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The castle Beetzendorf earlier also Becendorf called, is the ruin of a lowland castle ( Marsh Castle ) in the municipality Beetzendorf in Altmark Salzwedel in Saxony-Anhalt .
History and layout
The castle was built around 1140 in swampy terrain. It was first mentioned in a document around 1204, when the von Kröcher family gave the castle grounds to the von der Schulenburg family as a pledge .
In 1319 the von Kröcher were still in the possession of Beetzendorf Castle, with whom they entered the service of Otto II the Strict . In 1323 it was mentioned in a contract that Otto the Milde had acquired the Beetzendorf Castle, which must have happened in the period from 1319 to 1322.
In 1332, the knights Bernhard I von der Schulenburg, Dietrich II von der Schulenburg and Werner III von der Schulenburg registered a foundation at Beetzendorf Castle. 1340 was done a first real division of the castle Beetzendorf between the black and the white tribe of the von der Schulenburg, the former owners of the castle. In addition to the first reliable mention of von der Schulenburg as the owner of Beetzendorf Castle, this year is also the oldest known mention of a chapel at the castle, whose patronage is no longer known. From 1343, according to Dehio, the castle was owned by the von der Schulenburg family after they had left their ancestral home, the Schulenburg near Stappenbeck near Salzwedel . Beetzendorf became the family headquarters of the family in the following centuries. The possessions here and in Apenburg were their ancestral estates, which secured the core of their manorial rule until the 19th century.
In 1424 the brothers Bernhard VI (mentioned in a document from 1406–1453) and Werner VIII (documented from 1411; † 1447 or 1448) von der Schulenburg, sons of Heinrich II von der Schulenburg, founded a chapel on the castle, which Maria (mother of Jesus ) was consecrated and was probably abandoned in the course of the Reformation .
Up until 1600, Beetzendorf Castle received a fortress-like expansion with moats . The castle complex upgraded the dynasty, which from then on belonged to the upper tier of the Altmark aristocracy. From the second half of the 16th century on, the members of the noble family settled in the village of Beetzendorf and the surrounding area, so that the fortifications became useless. During the Thirty Years' War the castle was no longer defensible. The last cannon was sold in 1642.
Parts of the castle were still inhabited by the von der Schulenburg family until 1760. The last lord of the castle who lived in the castle himself was Baron Achaz II von der Schulenburg (1610–1680), a son of Levin IV von der Schulenburg and his wife Anna Maria geb. von Veltheim from Harbke . He had the Lieberoser Hof built in the outer bailey of Beetzendorf Castle , which was largely abandoned in the 19th century. From his marriage to Sophie Hedwig geb. von Veltheim from the house of Bartensleben and Destedt (1607–1667) emerged, among others, from Hans Georg von der Schulenburg .
In 1780 further parts of the castle complex were demolished. In 1845, during a review about the exchange of Beetzendorfer properties, the property with the castle ruins was added to the Great Court .
Today only ruins are left of the castle, which are located in the high forest of Beetzendorfer Park. It is the northern castle gate, which Werner von der Schulenburg had saved from decay and reconstructed in the 19th century and to which an open-air theater , which is still in use today, was added from 1950 to 1952 . Not far away is of about 20 meters high keep red brick on an area of 8.5 by 8.5 meters, with a high input in height of 4 meters and a wall thickness of one meter. The main features of the baroque garden have been preserved.
literature
- Berent Schwineköper: Province of Saxony Anhalt . Volume 11, Stuttgart 1987.
- Dietrich Werner Graf von der Schulenburg, Hans Wätjen: History of the sex from the Schulenburg 1237 to 1983. Lower Saxony printing and publishing house Günter Hempel Wolfsburg, ISBN 3-87327-000-5 , Wolfsburg 1984, pp. 48, 58-59, 61 , 68, 88, 95-96, 98-99, 101, 122, 317, 428.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Dehio : Handbook of German Art Monuments. Saxony-Anhalt I, administrative district Magdeburg. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-422-03069-7 , p. 91.