Niehuus Castle
| Niehuus Castle | ||
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 The elevation of the castle hill where the tower castle stood, in the twilight |
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| Alternative name (s): | Dat niege Huus | |
| Creation time : | around 1345 | |
| Castle type : | Niederungsburg, moth | |
| Place: | Niehuus (in the community of Harrislee ) near Flensburg | |
| Geographical location | 54 ° 49 '43.7 " N , 9 ° 22' 36.1" E | |
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The castle Niehuus ( Danish : Nyhus ), and Dat Niege Huus called, is a Outbound lowland castle of the type of a motte (Motte) in a lowland at Niehuus , a small town in the municipality Harrislee west of the city of Flensburg in the Schleswig-Flensburg in Schleswig Holstein . It is one of the local archaeological cultural monuments .
history
Establishment and function
Various castle complexes existed in the vicinity of Flensburg early on. The legends about the five evil lords of the castle tell of some of these castle complexes . Apparently, Niehuus Castle does not belong to these earlier castles . The castle Niehuus was only around 1345 by Count Klaus of Holstein-Rendsburg built. It was built on the Krummen Weg , which had been laid out earlier, around the 12th century. The Krumme Weg led from the city of Flensburg to Ochsenweg (a main traffic route in the Middle Ages) at Bau . The castle served on the one hand as a customs office and on the other hand it served to protect the city of Flensburg from the north. At the same time as the Niehuus Castle, Count Klaus and his brother Heinrich von Holstein had the city of Flensburg fortified. So it was also part of the Flensburg city fortifications . The two counts were pledges of the Duchy of Schleswig . They feared that the Danish king Waldemar IV would try to conquer the duchy. The small settlement Niehuus , which was first mentioned in 1371 , was also built near the castle .
Customs business
As mentioned, users of the route had to pay customs duties. The users of the path included not only traders but also pilgrims who wanted to visit the holy places of Christianity in Rome , Jerusalem and Santiago de Compostela .
Only a few of the customs formalities of that time have been handed down. On June 4, 1365, on Niehuus ("novo castrum prope Flenzb (urg)") a receipt from the Holstein nobleman Hermann Wonsflet was issued in Latin for 150 marks for the two Schauenburg counts. From 1423 there is a complaint regarding the castle Niehuus handed down the ox duty levied. The bailiff commissioned by the Danish king had demanded eight shillings of customs per ox.
destruction
At the beginning of the 15th century, the Duburg was built above the western part of the city center of Flensburg . During the construction phase, Niehuus Castle apparently also protected this new, larger castle complex to the south. The only known castle captain from Niehuus has come down to us from this time, namely the squire Lorentz v. Heesten (* ca.1384, † ca.1436) on Stovgård in Northern Schleswig, who was pledge lord of Niehuus from 1405 to 1409. Niehuus Castle was destroyed in 1431.
Present stock
Little is left of the former castle complex. The castle hill, which indicates a tower hill castle (moth), is clearly recognizable . The keep had a footprint of 40 by 30 meters, surrounded by a half-ring wall measuring 120 by 80 meters.
In addition to the castle hill, the aforementioned crooked path has also been preserved. Today's route connection from Burgplatz to the border town of Rønsdam , 800 meters to the north , is part of this historic route. The wooden bridge over the Krusau, a part of the Krummen Weg, not far from the castle hill, was replaced by a stone bridge in 1800. - To this day , a hiking trail and the pilgrimage route to St. James from Flensburg lead past the Gendarmstien castle site .
In the vicinity of the castle of Niehuus there is also Oldemorstoft , where various kings are said to have lived.
- The castle hill of Niehuus Castle from above
literature
- Carl-Heinrich Seebach: 800 years of castles, palaces and mansions in Schleswig-Holstein. Wachholtz Publishing House, 1988.
Web links
- Entry for Niehuus in the private database "Alle Burgen".
Individual evidence
- ↑ List of immovable archaeological cultural monuments of the Archaeological State Office Schleswig-Holstein (PDF 32MB), p. 2893 f.
- ↑ Niehuus. In: Marsh and Fjord. Dietmar König, June 6, 2010, accessed March 15, 2015 (private website).
- ↑ a b c d The all-round wheel. “Dat nige Hus”. A hilltop castle on Ochsenweg , p. 13; Retrieved on: February 16, 2017.
- ↑ a b Marsch und Förde, Krummer Weg , accessed on: October 12, 2014
- ↑ a b c leaflet Krummer Weg - Harrislee parish (PDF) : accessed on October 12, 2014
- ↑ a b Oliver Auge (ed.): Castles in Schleswig-Holstein. Witnesses of the Middle Ages then and now , Kiel / Hamburg 2019, p. 161
- ↑ Timeline. Harrislee Parish.
- ^ Schleswig-Holstein regest and documents. Volume 4 (1341-75), June 4, 1365, No. 1123
- ↑ Cf. Der Gendarmenpfad, A hiking guide that opens the eyes (PDF) ( Memento from December 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), page 8; accessed on: January 2, 2020
- ↑ a b From Krusau / Flensburg to Handewitt. In: Jakobsweg / Via Jutlandica. fernwege.de, accessed on March 15, 2015 (On Crooked Paths, Schäferhaus Nature Reserve).
- ↑ The all-round bike. “Dat nige Hus”. A hilltop castle on Ochsenweg , p. 13; Retrieved on: February 16, 2017.
- ↑ Thomas Pantleon, Harrislee (ed.): History - 650 years Harrislee - 1352-2002. Horst Dieter Adler 2002, p. 438.
- ↑ Der Gendarmenpfad, A hiking guide that opens the eyes (PDF) ( Memento from December 22, 2014 in the Internet Archive ), pages 8 and 11; accessed on: January 2, 2020