Bystrík

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Saint Bystrík

Sankt Bystrík (Latin Beztertus Nitriensis , Bestredius , Bestridus , Bestricus , Bistridus , Bistritus ; Hungarian Beszteréd , Besztrik , Besztríd , Beszter ) (*? Surroundings of Nitra (German Neutra); † September 27, 1046 in Pest ) was a Neutra ( most likely) bishop and martyr who was murdered in Pest (now Budapest ) during the so-called Hungarian pagan revolt in 1046 .

Historical sources

His life and presence at the murder of Saint Gerhard (Hungarian: Gellért) and his death in 1046 are described by the following chronicles and legends :

Sankt Bystrík is first referred to as the Bishop of Neutra in the Annales ecclesiastici regni Hungariae (1644) by Melchior Inchofer .

Assassination of Saint Bystrík

The murder of Saint Bystrík is described in two different versions in historical sources. Both versions state that the heretics - d. H. Vatha and his cronies - the bishops Gerhard , Buldus , Bystrík and Benetus attacked that the princes Andrew and Levente from Szekesfehervar went forth to meet (Székesfehérvár) to Pest.

The first version of the assassination, i.e. H. the Legenda maior of the martyr bishop St. Gerhard only says that the pagans inflicted fatal injuries to Bishop Bystrík and that he died on the third day. The injury occurred on the right bank of the Danube in Buda .

The second version of the assassination, contained in the 14th-century Hungarian Chronicle, Chronicle of Ofen, Chronicle of Dubnica, Hungarian Illustrated Chronicle and Chronicle of Johannes Thuroczius, details the Passion of St. Bystrík. After the attack of the heretics, During the murder of Bishop Gerhard, Bishops Bystrík and Benetus had crossed the Danube in a boat to save their lives. On the other bank of the Danube, the bishops also met the heretics, who wounded Bishop Bystrík so badly with a sword that he died on the third day.

Antonio Bonfini in his Hungarian story assumes the death of Sankt Bystrík on the second day after the injury. Melchior Inchofer and a few other historians thought the same thing.

The statement that Bishop Bystrík was injured with the sword comes from the rhymed Chronicle of Henrichs de Mügeln.

Healing

Saint Bystrík died on the second (next) or third day after the murder of Saint Gérard on September 24, 1046 , the common holiday of all three dead bishops (Gérard, Buldus, Bystrík) was laid down by the synod in Szabolcs in 1092 after their salvation from 1083 to September 24th.

literature

  • Bystrik Bugan: Biskup Bystrík v slovenských dejinách In: Historický zborník (historical anthology) No. 15, 1/2005 (Ján Bobák ed.). Matica slovenská, Martin 2005, pp. 13–25 (German summary)
predecessor Office successor
unknown Bishop of Nitra
1005-1046
Gerváz