Caesalpinia bonduc
| Caesalpinia bonduc | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
_(6219382745).jpg)
Caesalpinia bonduc |
||||||||||||
| Systematics | ||||||||||||
|
||||||||||||
| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Caesalpinia bonduc | ||||||||||||
| ( L. ) Roxb. |
Caesalpinia bonduc is a climbing plant from the legume family (Fabaceae) that is found in the tropics of Africa, America and Asia.
description
Caesalpinia bonduc is a yellowish, fluffy hairy climber that forms straight or slightly curved spines . The leaves are bipinnate and 30 to 45 centimeters long. The leaf spindle is covered with curved spines. Six to nine pairs of opposite leaflets (higher-order leaflets) are formed. The stipules are large, leaf-like, usually lobed up to 2 centimeters long and fall off early. Six to twelve pairs of membranous leaflets are formed per leaflet. The leaflets are elongated, 1.5 to 4 inches long and 1.2 to 2 inches wide. The base of the leaflet is crooked, the end rounded to pointed and prickly. Both leaf sides are hairy downy.
Long-stemmed grapes growing in leaf axils are formed as inflorescences , which are only sparsely populated with flowers near the base and densely populated near the tip . The bracts are awl-shaped, 6 to 8 millimeters long, downy hairy and bent back. They fall off when the flowers open. The flower stalks are 3 to 5 millimeters long. The five sepals are about 8 millimeters long and hairy rust-red on both sides. The petals are yellowish, the flag is spotted red, obverse-lanceolate and nailed . The stamens are short and hairy near the base. The ovary is hairy. The fruits are elongated, 5 to 7 centimeters long and 4 to 5 centimeters wide, leathery legumes , which are densely covered with thin, 5 to 10 millimeter long spines. The tip is rounded and shows a beak. Two or three gray, shiny, egg-shaped to round seeds are formed per fruit .
Caesalpinia bonduc flowers in China in February and from July to October, the fruits ripen from October to May.
The number of chromosomes is 2n = 24.
Distribution and ecology
The species is distributed worldwide in the tropics. In Africa they can be found in Tanzania , Gabon , Ghana , Nigeria , the Comoros and Madagascar . In America it grows in Florida and Hawaii in the United States, in the state of Quintana Roo in Mexico, in Cuba , Jamaica and Puerto Rico , in Costa Rica and Nicaragua , in Brazil , Colombia , in Madre de Dios in Peru and on the to Galapagos Islands belonging to Ecuador . It also grows in Papua New Guinea and in Asia on Sri Lanka and in China.
In China they can be found in the provinces of Guangdong and Guangxi , on Hainan and on Taiwan . There it grows in thickets, along the roadside and near beaches at heights of up to 200 meters.
Systematics and research history
Caesalpinia bonduc is a kind from the genus of caesalpinia ( Caesalpinia ) in the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae), in which they are to the subfamily of caesalpinioideae (Caesalpinioideae), tribe Caesalpinieae is expected. The species was by Carl Linnaeus as Guilandina bonduc ( Basionym ) in the first volume of his Species Plantarum first described . William Roxburgh then placed it in 1831 as Caesalpinia bonduc in the genus Caesalpinia . Other synonyms of the species are Bonduc minus Medik. , Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) Fleming , Caesalpinia crista Thunb. , Caesalpinia cristata Prowazek , Caesalpinia grisebachiana Kuntze , Caesalpinia sogerensis Baker f. , Guillandina bonducella L. , Guillandina gemina Lour. , Guillandina bonduc L. and Guillandina bonducella (L.) Fleming .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d Dezhao Chen, Dianxiang Zhang, Ding Hou: Caesalpinia bonduc. In: Flora of China. Volume 10, p. 43.
- ↑ Caesalpinia bonducella at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
- ^ A b Caesalpinia bonduc in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland.
- ↑ Guilandina bonduc . In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved January 1, 2015 .
- ↑ Caesalpinia bonduc . In: The International Plant Name Index. Retrieved January 1, 2015 .
- ↑ Caesalpinia bonduc . In: The Plant List. Retrieved January 1, 2015 .
literature
Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven, Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China . Volume 10: Fabaceae . Science Press / Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing / St. Louis 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 (English).
Web links
- Caesalpinia bonduc. In: LegumeWeb. International Legume Database & Information Service (ILDIS), accessed on January 1, 2015 .