1-hexadecanol

Structural formula
General
Surname	1-hexadecanol
other names	Cetyl alcohol; Hexadecan-1-ol; Palmityl alcohol; CETYL ALCOHOL ( INCI ) ;
Molecular formula	C 16 H 34 O
Brief description	white, waxy scales with a faint odor
External identifiers / databases
EC number	253-149-0
ECHA InfoCard	100.048.301
PubChem	2682
ChemSpider	2581
DrugBank	DB09494
Wikidata	Q161632
properties
Molar mass	242.44 g mol −1
Physical state	firmly
density	0.84 g cm −3
Melting point	49 ° C
boiling point	344 ° C
solubility	practically insoluble in water
Refractive index	1.4283 (79 ° C)
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances	no GHS pictograms
	no GHS pictograms
H and P phrases	H: no H-phrases
	P: no P-phrases
	As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions . Refractive index: Na-D line , 20 ° C

1-Hexadecanol , also known as cetyl alcohol , hexadecan-1-ol or palmityl alcohol , is a long-chain, monohydric alcohol that belongs to the group of fatty alcohols .

history

Cetyl alcohol was discovered by the French chemist Michel Eugène Chevreul in 1817 . When he heated whale rat with potash , cetyl alcohol flakes condensed. The name cetyl alcohol is derived from the Latin cetacea = whale .

Extraction and presentation

With the decline of whaling , the production of whale rat also lost its importance. Today, cetyl alcohol is an end product in petroleum processing or is made from palm oil or coconut oil by hydrogenating the fatty acid palmitic acid.

use

Cetyl alcohol is used in the cosmetics industry as a surfactant in shampoos . It is used either as an emulsifier or as a thickener in the manufacture of face creams . Cetyl alcohol is converted to fatty alcohol sulfate or also to alkyl ether sulfates , which are used as anionic surfactants in detergents or in cosmetic products.

In the 20th century, there was development work in Australia on a process to produce a film-like thin skin by means of a sprayed solution of hexadecanol on the water surface of open reservoirs , which produced a high level of protection against evaporation . Applications of this kind are known from the arid regions of South Africa in the second half of the 20th century.

Individual evidence

↑ Entry on CETYL ALCOHOL in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on February 25, 2020.
↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Entry on 1-hexadecanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 18, 2019(JavaScript required) .
↑ David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-278.
↑ Entry on hexadecan-1-ol. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 20, 2014.
↑ Traugott Molter: Water balance and irrigation agriculture in the Cape . Franz Steiner Verlag , Wiesbaden 1966, p. 115

[CosIng-1] Entry on CETYL ALCOHOL in the CosIng database of the EU Commission, accessed on February 25, 2020.

[GESTIS-2] ↑ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f Entry on 1-hexadecanol in the GESTIS substance database of the IFA , accessed on December 18, 2019(JavaScript required) .

[CRC90_3_278-3] David R. Lide (Ed.): CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics . 90th edition. (Internet version: 2010), CRC Press / Taylor and Francis, Boca Raton, FL, Physical Constants of Organic Compounds, pp. 3-278.

[CDRömpp-4] Entry on hexadecan-1-ol. In: Römpp Online . Georg Thieme Verlag, accessed on June 20, 2014.

[5] Traugott Molter: Water balance and irrigation agriculture in the Cape . Franz Steiner Verlag , Wiesbaden 1966, p. 115