Cinsault

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Cinsault in the book by Viala & Vermorel

Cinsault , also called Cinsaut , is a red wine variety . It is a widespread, very old variety from Languedoc in southern France and is mainly used there as a blend with the grape varieties Carignan , Grenache , Mourvèdre and Syrah . It is also common in other parts of France ( Bandol , Cassis , Châteauneuf-du-Pape , Vacqueyras , Corsica , ...). Further important cultivation areas are in Morocco, South Africa and Italy : the world-wide planted area was estimated at approx. 45,000 ha at the end of the 1990s .

A single variety , it has an unmistakable character.

In France, the variety is also sold as a table grape . Internationally, however, the variety is not very successful, as the berries in the table grape segment are considered too small despite their size.

In the intersection of Pinot Noir × Cinsault, she was the godfather of Pinotage . Albert Seibel used the variety in the development of some Seibel vines and Pierre Castel used Cinsault to breed the Castel variety in 19637 .

See also the articles Viticulture in France (22,239 hectares, as of 2007), Viticulture in Italy , Viticulture in South Africa (2,412 hectares, as of 2007), Viticulture in the United States (especially in California → Viticulture in California 54 hectares, as of 2007), Viticulture in Chile , Viticulture in Argentina , Viticulture in Greece , Viticulture in Romania , Viticulture in Bulgaria , Viticulture in Portugal , Viticulture in Algeria , Viticulture in Tunisia and Viticulture in Lebanon, as well as the list of grape varieties .

Ampelographic varietal characteristics

In ampelography , the habitus is described as follows:

  • The shoot tip is open. It is very hairy whitish with a very slightly reddish tinge. The yellowish, slightly reddish young leaves are slightly hairy. The surface of the young leaves is already blistered.
  • The medium-sized leaves (see also the article leaf shape ) are usually five-lobed and strongly cupped. They are light green in color. The stalk bay is lyre-shaped, open to closed. The leaf margin is finely serrated. The teeth are small compared to the grape varieties. The leaf surface (also called blade) is smooth.
  • The conical to cylindrical grape is large and dense. The oval berries are large and black and blue in color. The berries are juicy; the juice is colorless.

The grape variety sprouts relatively late.

Cinsault is usually with the goblet method educated . It is susceptible to powdery mildew , downy mildew , eutypiosis and raw rot . Therefore, the yields can vary between 40 hectoliters / hectare and 100 hectoliters / hectare. Resistance to drought and strong wind is advantageous.

So far, 21 clones have been selected and recognized in France. The most common are the clones n ° 5 (very high-yielding, moderately high-growth), n ° 3 (very high-yielding, high-growth) and n ° 103 (good quality with low yield). Cinsault is a variety of the noble grapevine ( Vitis vinifera ). It has hermaphroditic flowers and is therefore self-fruiting. In viticulture , the economic disadvantage of not having to grow male plants that produce yield is avoided.

Cinsault ripens around 20 days after the Gutedel and is considered to ripen early in southern growing areas.

Synonyms

Since Cinsault is widely used, the list of synonyms is long. The grape variety is also available under the names Black Malvoisie, Black Prince, Blue Imperial, Boudalès, Bourdalès, Bourdales kek, Bourdelas, Budales, Calabre, Chainette, Cincout, Cinsanet, Cinquien, Cinq-Sao, Cinqsaut, Couché, Cubilier, Cubiller, Cuviller , Cuvillier, Espagne, Espagnen, Espagnin noir, Espagnol, Froutignan, Grappu de la Dordogne, Gros de Lacaze, Gros Marocain, Hermitage (especially in South Africa), Imperial blue, Kara Takopoulo, Madiran, Madiran du Portugal, Malaga, Malaga kek, Malvoisie black, Marocain, Marroquin, Marrouquin, Maurange, Mavro Kara Melki, Milhau, Milhaud du Pradel, Morterille, Morterille Noir, Moustardier noir, Navarro, Negru de Sarichioi, Œillade, Œillade noir, Ottavinello, Ottavianello (especially in Apulia) , Ottaviano, Ottavianuccia, Ottavinello, Papadou, Pampous, Passerille, Pedaire, Petaire, Picardan Noir, Piede di Colombo, Piede di Palumbo, Piede rosso, Piquepoul d'Uzés, Pis de Chèvre, Pis de Chèvre rouge, Plant d'Arles, Plant de Broqui, Plant de Broquies, Poupe de Crabe, Poupo de Crabe, Pousse de Chèvre, Pousse de Chèvre rouge, Prunaley, Prunelas, Prunella, Prunellas, Prunellas noir, Salerne, Samsó, Senso, Sensu, Strum, Takopulo kara, Ulliaou, Ulliade Noire and West's White Noire Known prolific.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Les Cepages Noirs dans le Vignoble (PDF) ( Memento of January 20, 2007 in the Internet Archive ), statistics on red grape varieties per Greater Region, Part 1, publication by the Office National Interprofessionnel des Fruits, des Legumes, des Vins et de l'Horticulture - ONIVINS, as of 2008
  2. ↑ Les Cepages Noirs dans le Vignoble (PDF) ( Memento from March 1, 2012 in the Internet Archive ), statistics on red grape varieties per greater region, part 2, publication by the Office National Interprofessionnel des Fruits, des Legumes, des Vins et de l'Horticulture - ONIVINS, as of 2008
  3. ↑ South African Wine Industry Statistics ( Memento of 19 December 2014 Internet Archive ), released in June 2008
  4. ↑ California Grape acreage 2007 Crop ( Memento of the original from October 18, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , by the California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, published April 2008  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nass.usda.gov

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