Cloppenburger Geest
The Cloppenburger Geest is a geest near Cloppenburg . It stretches from Herzlake in the west to Barnstorf in the east and from Wildeshausen in the north to Vechta in the south, covering the south of the districts of Cloppenburg and Oldenburg and the north of the district of Vechta . It protrudes into the districts of Diepholz and Emsland .
The Cloppenburg Geest is the heartland of the Saale glacial Höhenpleistozäns the Ems-Hunte-Geest . The meltwater sands of the advancing glaciers covered the old terrain with pre-poured sand . Woldstedt speaks of "lower sands" which belong to the Elster glaciation in the "Kloppenburg-Bassumer-Geest" . The boulder clay cover of the cold time of the Saale, more precisely of the Drenthe stadium , was deposited over the pouring sand .
The surface of the Cloppenburger Geest is characterized by a trickle that was decisive for the development of the river network . Numerous parallel, flat gullies run through the area, creating a parallel ridge landscape . Two opposing theories are given for the origin of the rivers. Hausfeld attributes their formation to large crevasses in the Drenthe Ice , through which the meltwater flowed off when the glaciers were thawed, cut through the ground moraine and sunk into the pouring sands. Woldstedt speaks of “gutters” in a different context. The advancing ice followed the contours, preserved and deepened them. When the glacier retreated, deeply submerged dead ice remained in the “gullies” , the thawing of which then enabled the rivers to access their old valleys.
During the regression of the sea level in the Vistula Ice Age, which ended around 12,000 years ago, when the northwestern German lowlands were not covered by ice, the rivers of the Cloppenburger Geest dug deep into the valley sands . At this time, the drift and dune sands began to form, due to the peripheral area falling dry.
The post- glacial post - glacial climate was more humid and warmer. The rise in sea level as the erosion base of the rivers presumably also resulted in an increase in the groundwater level in the Geest valley. Mighty peat bogs formed in the valleys, while raised bogs grew on the valley edges and in larger depressions.
The deciduous forest areas Herrenholz , the nature reserve (NSG) Baumweg as well as the NSG Bäken of the Endeler and Holzhauser Heide (quarry forest, brook, swamp) reaching into the Delmenhorster Geest are classified as FFH areas ( protected areas in nature and landscape protection according to the fauna-flora-habitat Directive ).
literature
- R. Hausfeld: The development of the Hümmling brooks and their current flora . Yearbook of the Emsländischen Heimatbund, Vol. 29, 1983, pp. 244–266.
- R. Hausfeld: The vegetation of north-west Lower Saxony stream valleys depending on agricultural use and hydraulic engineering interventions . In: Rivers and their catchment area . Ed .: Biological Protection Association Hunte Weser-Ems. Wardenburg: BSH-Vlg. 1984, pp. 137-170. (= Information on nature conservation and landscape management in northwest Germany, Vol. 4).
- R. Hausfeld: The Markatal, one of the last near-natural preserved stream valleys in northwest Germany . Yearbook for the Oldenburger Münsterland, 1984, pp. 184–207.
- G. Roeschmann: The soils of the north-west German geest landscape . Communications of the German Soil Science Society, vol. 13, no. 1, 1971, pp. 155-231.
- P. Woldstedt: The history of the river network in northern Germany and adjacent areas . Ice Age and Present, Vol. 7, 1956, pp. 5-12.
- P. Woldstedt: Northwest Germany and adjacent areas in the Ice Age . Stuttgart 1955. (= Geographical handbooks).
source
- Heinz-Josef Lücking: Ecological evaluation of the Soestetal between Cloppenburg and Stedingsmühlen (LK Cloppenburg, Northwest Germany) from the point of view of nature conservation with special consideration of vegetation, water quality and the ecomorphological water status . BSH / NVN naturspecialREPORT 1995, ISBN 3-923788-29-0 Issue 21. Diploma thesis in geography at the Justus Liebig University, Giessen, 1992.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation : Map of the Cloppenburger Geest ( Memento of the original from April 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Federal Agency for Nature Conservation : Cloppenburger Geest landscape profile ( Memento of the original from December 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
Coordinates: 52 ° 50 ' N , 8 ° 10' E