Crispinus van Stappen

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Crispinus van Stappen (* around 1465 in Flanders ; † March 10, 1532 in Cambrai ) was a Franco-Flemish composer , singer and conductor of the Renaissance .

Live and act

No information has survived about the early years of Crispinus van Stappen. The earliest records of him come from Brussels , where he worked as a cotidiane from September 30, 1485 to March 25, 1487 at the Church of St. Niklaas ; this is a singer who was employed at parish churches for daily services. From September 1486 to March 1487 he was also the teacher of the choirboys at the same church. His employment contract actually ran for six years. Nevertheless, he left this position prematurely and changed in 1488 as a singer to the Chapelle royale of the French king in Paris for about four years. He left this position on August 18, 1492 and took up a position as Kapellmeister at the Cathedral of Padua on October 7 of the same year ; this activity was scheduled for five years. But only three months later he left this position and joined the papal chapel in Rome , of which he belonged for 14 years until 1507. During this time there was an interruption of six months in 1498/99, during which he was again active in Padua. On August 23, 1504, he acquired the status of a canon without compulsory attendance in Cambrai and towards the end of his Roman activity (1506/07) became a member of the Marian Brotherhood of St. Jan in 's-Hertogenbosch .

Van Stappen returned to northern France in July 1509 and basically stayed at Cambrai Cathedral until the end of his life . Exceptions were short trips to Italy and a short employment as Kapellmeister at Santa Casa in Loreto in 1524/25. In Cambrai he was responsible for important tasks such as recruiting new singers for the cathedral there and also for the papal chapel; corresponding journeys are documented for the years 1523, 1526 and 1529 (Craigh Wright 1976). It was also one of his duties to supervise the activity of the magister puerorum Johannes Lupi (II). Towards the end of his life, van Stappen's special devotion to Mary becomes evident in his relationship with Loreto, but also in his foundation for the renovation of the altar in the St. Anne's Chapel in Cambrai Cathedral in 1526.

meaning

In the biography of Crispinus van Stappen the close connection between the chapter in Cambrai and the Vatican under Popes Hadrian VI. (Term of office 1522–1523) and Clement VII (term of office 1523–1534) clearly. In addition, it exemplifies the musical leadership role of the Cathedral of Cambrai, which lasted long after the death of Guillaume Dufay (1474). In the poem Monte Parnaso by Philippo Oriolo da Bassano (around 1469 - after 1522), written between 1519 and 1522, Crispinus van Stappen is listed among the outstanding composers in Canto XXI . All the sources of the composer's surviving works come from Italy, with his motets appearing between 1503 and 1508 in the collections of the Venetian music editor Ottaviano dei Petrucci . His mostly short works meet the generic norms of his time and show a great variety of styles. This ranges from the simple and homophonic hymn "Ave verum" to the demanding polyphonic chanson "Gentil galans", which refers to the war of King Charles XII. (Reign 1483–1498) against the insurgent Bretons in 1488. In 2001 the music researchers Barbara Haggh and Stanley Boorman dated the traditional works of Crispinus van Stappen to the years 1485 to 1495 for stylistic reasons. The later works of the composer probably fell victim to the total loss of the sources in Cambrai during the French Revolution in 1789.

Works

  • Spiritual works
    • Motet “Ave Maria” with four voices
    • Hymn “Ave verum corpus” with three voices
    • Motet “Beati pacifici” / “De tous biens plaine” with four voices
    • Motet “Exaudi nos filia” with five parts
    • Motet “Non lotis manibus” with four parts
    • Motet “Virtutum expulsus” with four voices
  • Secular works
    • Chanson "Gentil galans" with four voices (partly attributed to Johannes Prioris )
    • Frottola “Vale, vale de Padoa” with three voices

Literature (selection)

  • A. Pirro: Documents on Antoine Brumel, Louis van Pullaer and Crispin van Stappen , in: Zeitschrift für Musikwissenschaft No. 11, 1928/29, pages 249-253
  • R. Casimiri: Musici e musicisti nella cattedrale di Padova nei secoli XIV, XV, XVI , in: Note d'archivio per la storia musicale No. 48, 1941, pages 166–167
  • Craigh Wright: Musiciens à la cathédrale de Cambrai 1476-1550 , in: Revue de musicologie No. 62, 1976, pages 204-228, especially page 206
  • F. Ruwhoff: Crispinus van Stappen , dissertation at the University of Utrecht 1986 (contains the complete edition)
  • Barbara Haggh: Music, Liturgy, and Ceremony in Brussels, 1350–1500 , dissertation at the University of Illinois 1988, especially page 664 (University Microfilms International, Ann Arbor / Michigan No. 8908694)
  • Same: Itinerancy to Residency. Professional Careers and Performance Practices in 15th-Century Sacred Music , in: Early Music No. 17, 1989, pp. 39-366
  • HM Brown: The Mirror of Man's Salvation. Music in Devotional Life about 1500 , in: Renaissance Quarterly No. 43, 1990, pages 744-773
  • Barbara H. Haggh: Crispijne and Albertijne. Two Tenors at the Church of St Niklaas, Brussels , in: Music and Letters No. 76, 1995, pp. 325-344

Web links

swell

  1. ^ The Music in Past and Present (MGG), Person Part Volume 15, Bärenreiter and Metzler, Kassel and Basel 2006, ISBN 3-7618-1135-7
  2. ^ The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians , edited by Stanley Sadie, McMillan, London 2001, ISBN 0-333-60800-3
personal data
SURNAME Stappen, Crispinus van
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Stappen, Crispijn vander; Stappen, Crispinus de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Franco-Flemish composer, singer and bandmaster of the Renaissance
DATE OF BIRTH around 1465
PLACE OF BIRTH Flanders
DATE OF DEATH March 10, 1532
Place of death Cambrai