Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania (World Heritage)
| Villages with fortified churches in Transylvania (Transylvania) | |
|---|---|
UNESCO world heritage 
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| Fortified church of Viscri (schematic representation) |
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| National territory: |
 Romania
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| Type: | Culture |
| Criteria : | (iv) |
| Surface: | 553 ha |
| Buffer zone: | 3,727.87 hectares |
| Reference No .: | 596 |
| UNESCO region : | Europe and North America |
| History of enrollment | |
| Enrollment: | 1993 (session 17) |
| Extension: | 1999 |
Seven villages with fortified churches in Transylvania have been named UNESCO World Heritage Sites .
Location and history
In Transylvania ( Romania ) about 150 fortified churches and fortified churches , which at the time to defend against the Turks and Tatars were built -Einfälle, preserved in some cases very good condition. The fortified churches of the UNESCO world cultural heritage are located in the south of Transylvania, between the rivers Große Kokel and Alt , in Burzenland and in the northern district of Bistritz . They were built by the Transylvanian Saxons , Hungarians and Szeklers . The Fortified Churches Foundation endeavors to preserve them .
List of Transylvanian villages with fortified churches in the UNESCO World Heritage Site
The following villages with fortified churches have been entered into the UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Map with all coordinates of the villages with fortified churches: OSM
| Romanian name | circle | German and Hungarian name | Coordinates | Area in ha | Buffer zone in ha | Year of enrollment | image |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biertan | Sibiu | Biertan - Berethalom | 46 ° 8 '7.1 " N , 24 ° 31' 16.8" E | 84.57 | 300.14 | 1993 |
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| Câlnic | Alba | Kelling - Kelnek | 45 ° 53 '20.8 " N , 23 ° 39' 37.7" E | 33.79 | 252.95 | 1999 |
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| Dârjiu | Harghita | Dersch - Székelyderzs | 46 ° 12 '7.9 " N , 25 ° 11' 57.2" E | 2.94 | 83.79 | 1999 |
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| Prejmer | Brașov | Tartlau - Prázsmár | 45 ° 43 ′ 19.4 " N , 25 ° 46 ′ 25.4" E | 201.24 | 2,248.59 | 1999 |
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| Saschiz | Mureș | Keisd - Szászkézd | 46 ° 11 '38.9 " N , 24 ° 57' 36.3" E | 126.9 | 411.2 | 1999 |
.jpg) |
| Valea Viilor | Sibiu | Wormhole - Nagybaromlak | 46 ° 4 ′ 59.7 " N , 24 ° 16 ′ 38.5" E | 55.16 | 214.45 | 1999 |
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| Viscri | Brașov | Deutsch-Weißkirch - Szászfehéregyháza | 46 ° 3 '17.8 " N , 25 ° 5' 19.1" E | 48.4 | 216.75 | 1999 |
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See also
- List of fortified churches and fortified churches in Transylvania
- List of castles, chateaus and fortresses in Romania
literature
- Hermann and Alida Fabini: Fortified churches in Transylvania: image and self-portrayal of Transylvanian-Saxon village communities 2nd edition. Koehler and Amelang, Leipzig 1991, ISBN 3-7338-0073-7 .
- Hermann Fabini: Atlas of the Transylvanian-Saxon fortified churches and village churches. AKSL, Heidelberg 1999, ISBN 3-929848-15-5 . (527 fortified churches, all known, are represented with floor plans and descriptions of the building history)
- Arne Franke: The defensive Sachsenland. Fortified churches in southern Transylvania. German Cultural Forum for Eastern Europe, Potsdam 2007, ISBN 978-3-936168-27-3 . (Brief description of the defensive Sachsenland . Available online)
- Kurt Horedt: Siebenburgen in the early Middle Ages. Habelt, Bonn 1986.
- Heinrich Lamping: Fortified churches in Transylvania. Geographical analyzes, brief descriptions, image documentation. (= Frankfurt economic and social geographic writings. 57). Self-published by the Institute for Economic and Social Geography, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Frankfurt am Main 1991.
- Thomas Nägler: Aşezarea saşilor in Transilvania . Editura Kriterion, Bucureşti 1992.
- Adrian Andrei Rusu: Castelarea carpatică. Fortificații și cetăți din Transilvania și teritoriile învecinate (sec.XIII-XIV) . Editura Mega, Cluj-Napoca 2005.
- Annemarie Rothe & Gabi Dolff-Bonekämper: The fortified church landscape of Transylvania: Strategies for the preservation of the European cultural heritage of the fortified churches in Transylvania / Romania. Gray series of the Institute for Urban and Regional Planning, Volume 49, Technische Universität Berlin 2013 online (PDF) , accessed April 9, 2017
Web links
- UNESCO World Heritage Site (English)
- Fortified Churches Foundation Specialized institution for the long-term preservation of the ecclesiastical cultural heritage of the Evangelical Church AB in Romania
- Christian Agnethler: Church of the Transylvanian Saxons
- Gottfried D. Orendi: What is a fortified church?
- Cultural heritage Fortified churches Preservation of the fortified churches in Transylvania - non-profit association, seat in Kaiserslautern
Individual evidence
- ^ Villages with Fortified Churches in Transylvania. UNESCO World Heritage Center 1992–2010.
- ↑ Markus Bauer: Jewels of world architecture. The fortified churches of the Transylvanian Saxons . In: Neuer Zürcher Zeitung of July 6, 2017, p. 38.
Cultural heritage: villages with fortified churches in Transylvania (1993/1999) | Horezu Monastery (1993) | Churches in Moldova (1993/2010) | Historic Center of Sighișoara (1999) | Maramureș wooden churches (1999) | Dacian fortifications in the mountains of Orăştie (1999)
Natural heritage: Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve (1991) | Old beech forests and primeval beech forests of the Carpathian Mountains and other regions of Europe (2017)