David Beck (organ builder)

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David Beck (* around 1540 ; † around 1606 ) was a German organ builder .

Life

David Beck is the most famous representative of a family of Saxon organ builders. These include his grandfather Hans Beck (* around 1490; † between 1557 and 1560), his father Anthonius Beck (?) (* Around 1536) and his uncle Esajas Beck (* around 1540; † 1587), who was born between 1570 and 1580 leading organ builder in the Halle area. Beck had his workshop in Halberstadt by 1583 at the latest and after the death of his uncle took over his workshop in Halle an der Saale . It is believed that David Beck in Grossenhainwas born and died in Halberstadt. The family relationship to a Georg Beck, who appeared several times together with David as an organ builder in Halberstadt in 1592, as well as to a Conrad Beck, who built organs from Pforzheim at the end of the 16th century, has not been clarified .

plant

The prospectus of the Gröninger organ in the Martinikirche with an indicated Rückpositiv (May 2010)

Only a few organs by David Beck are known and only a few brochures have survived. He stood on the threshold from the late Renaissance to the early baroque and shaped the development of the central German organ type. Apart from the Gröningen organ, the prospectus design of the Beck organs is characterized by five or seven flat fields for the pipes and a rich carving in the veil boards . The pedals are not only attached, but are also developed independently. The largest pipes of the pedal registers are placed in side pedal towers. Characteristic are the fully developed principal choruses in the main factory and Rückpositiv that on respectively different Fußtonlage based (pitch). The various aliquot registers and reed parts as well as the large number of different flute parts are also characteristic. In the pedal, the flute choir is enriched by fifths.

In 1587/88 he finished the organ of the market church of Our Lady in Halle, which his uncle had started . He became famous for the Gröninger organ , on which he worked from 1592 to 1596. Duke Heinrich Julius von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , as administrator of Halberstadt Abbey , had it built for the palace chapel in his residential palace in Gröningen , around the same time as the Gröninger barrel . The monumental work with 59 registers was examined and inaugurated in 1596 in an organ rehearsal by 53 well-known organists of the time. The organ and its disposition was described by Michael Praetorius in his Syntagma musicum . As part of the dissolution of the Gröningen Palace, Frederick the Great gave the organ to the Martinikirche in Halberstadt in 1770 , where the organ prospectus has largely been preserved, while a work by Ernst Röver can be heard behind it since 1921 , which in turn replaced one by Johann Friedrich Schulze . In the course of the Schulzeschen renovation work, the Rückpositiv prospectus came to the church in Harsleben around 1830 . Today a support association is committed to the return of the Rückpositiv and the reconstruction of the Groeninger organ.

In the Martini church, the Gröninger organ replaced an earlier work by Beck, which was created around 1590 and has now been sold to Derenburg . Here, too, the prospectus has been preserved, while the organ was romantically altered in 1888 by Friedrich Ladegast .

Proven works

year location church picture Manuals register Remarks
1555/56 Oschatz St. Aegidien Renewal of the organ by Caspar Koler (1493); not preserved (replaced by an organ by Heinrich Compenius )
1579 Halberstadt St. Johannis Attribution
1580 Friedland in the Jizera Mountains Repair; not received
1580-1581 Leipzig Nikolaikirche Repair; not received
1583-1584 Helmstedt St. Stephani Stephanikirche Helmstedt Organ.jpg 36 with Rückpositiv; Prospectus received
1575-1585 Halberstadt St. Martini III / P 38 New building; 1770 to Derenburg , where the prospectus has been preserved
1588 Mulhouse Marienkirche Repair and change of disposition
1589 Wernigerode St. Sylvestri Renovation; not received
around 1590 Halberstadt Halberstadt Cathedral II / P New building; Relocated to the Andreas Church of the Franciscan monastery in Halberstadt in 1717 , interior work replaced by Ernst Röver in 1913 , prospect destroyed in 1945
1588-1591 Löbejün St. Petri 26th New construction of a cabinet organ; only double doors received
1593 Hesse Castle Castle Church I / P around 14 Attribution; Prospectus in the St. Johannis Church (Wolfenbüttel) received
1592-1596 Groeningen Castle Halberstadt St. Martini 18.jpg II / P 59 New building; Housing with prospect pipes preserved in St. Martini (Halberstadt) → Gröninger organ
1587/1597 Halle on the Saale Market Church of Our Dear Women 31 Completion of the organ by Esajas Beck; 1597 renovation and change of disposition; not received
1600 Pegs / helmets St. Michaelis Installation of an older organ
1601 Langeln Marienkirche

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Pape: Lexicon of North German Organ Builders. Vol. 1. 2009, p. 20.
  2. ↑ a b Behrens: Beck, family. 1999, col. 604.
  3. ^ Dorothea Schröder: Organs and organ building in the Duchy of Wolfenbüttel 1580–1650 . Accessed August 31, 2019 . P. 9.
  4. ↑ Hans Klotz: About the organ art of the Gothic, Renaissance and Baroque. Music, disposition, mixtures, lengths, registration, use of the pianos . 3. Edition. Bärenreiter, Kassel 1986, ISBN 3-7618-0775-9 , p. 211 .
  5. ↑ Further examples of the unusual pedal disposition with peasant flute / recorder 1 ′ and shelf / shawm 4 ′ as with the Gröninger organ are given by Franz Bösken , Hermann Fischer : Sources and research on the history of the Middle Rhine organ (=  contributions to the history of music on the Middle Rhine . Volume 29.1 ). tape 3 : Former province of Upper Hesse. Part 1: A-L . Schott, Mainz 1988, ISBN 3-7957-1330-7 , p. 250 .
  6. ↑ Harald Vogel , Günter Lade, Nicola Borger-Keweloh: Organs in Lower Saxony . Hauschild, Bremen 1997, ISBN 3-931785-50-5 , p. 21, 66 .
  7. ↑ organum gruningense redivivum Förderverein , accessed on August 31, 2019.
  8. ^ Thekla Schneider:  The organ builder family Compenius. :  Journal of Musicology. Published by the German Music Society / magazine for musicology. Published by the German Society for Musicology / Archive for Music Research. Published with the support of the State Institute for German Music Research by the German Society for Musicology / Archive for Music Research. Published on behalf of the State Institute for German Music Research , year 1937, p. 54 (online at ANNO ).Template: ANNO / Maintenance / zmw
  9. ^ Organ in Wolfenbüttel, St. Johannis , accessed on August 31, 2019.
personal data
SURNAME Beck, David
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German organ builder
BIRTH DATE around 1540
PLACE OF BIRTH Grossenhain
DATE OF DEATH around 1606
PLACE OF DEATH Halberstadt