Sonia Delaunay-Terk

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Sonia Delaunay (around 1912)

Sonia Delaunay-Terk ( Ukrainian Соня Делоне-Терк Sonja Delone-Terk ; Russian Соня Делоне-Терк ; born November 14, 1885 in Gradischsk , Poltava Governorate (now Ukraine ); †  December 5, 1979 in Paris ) was a Ukrainian-French painter and designer . She is considered a representative of geometric abstraction . Her maiden name was Sarah (other information: Sophia) Ilinitchna Stern. She received the name Sonia Terk , by which she is known, after her uncle adopted her. She is also called Sonia Delaunay in literature .

life and work

Sonia Delaunay: Taffeta with Geometric Design, 1924. Musée des Tissus

After studying in Saint Petersburg and at several German art academies, including the Karlsruhe Art Academy , Sonia Terk came to Paris in 1904, where she married the art dealer Wilhelm Uhde in 1908 . After this brief first marriage, she married the painter Robert Delaunay in 1910 , with whom she was also artistically closely connected. Vincent van Gogh and Paul Gauguin are among her artistic role models .

Shortly after her arrival in Paris, she rose to become one of the most experimental artists in Paris. In 1913 she worked closely with the Swiss poet Blaise Cendrars , with whom she developed the idea of simultaneity . The first simultaneous book entitled Prose du Transsiberien et de la petite Jehanne de France is a significant testimony to this cross-genre collaboration .

From 1912 she and her husband Robert Delaunay developed what is known as Orphism . This is a variant of abstract painting based on cubism , in which mainly circular shapes with simultaneous contrasts in bright colors were created on the basis of the color system of the chemist Eugène Chevreul . Orphism's aim was to contrast pure music with pure painting. Due to her significant contributions to the development of abstract painting (especially geometric abstraction ), she is still regarded today not only as one of the first female representatives, but rather as an important pioneer of this new art direction. Like Ida Gerhardi , but in a completely new abstract direction, she painted pictures of the Bal Bullier dance hall .

During the First World War 1914 to 1918 Sonia Delaunay stayed in Spain and Portugal , and from 1915 in the seaside resort of Vila do Conde . There the Delaunay couple made friends with the Portuguese painter Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso .

Sonia Delaunay photographed by Lothar Wolleh

After her return to France, she remained more faithful to the abstract style than her husband, who died in 1941. In 1942 she worked with Hans Arp and Sophie Taeuber-Arp in the south of France . Sonia Delaunay's artistic ideas were later used in her designer works for theater decoration and costumes. For example, in 1968 she furnished the ballet Danses Concertantes by the Russian composer Igor Fjodorowitsch Stravinsky . Sonia Delaunay-Terk also made fabric designs, for example for the French actor and author Jean Poiret . In 1975 she was awarded membership in the French Legion of Honor. In 1976 she bequeathed all of her graphic works to the Center Georges Pompidou . Sonia Delaunay-Terk died on December 5, 1979 in Paris.

Eponyms

The asteroid (6938) Soniaterk is named after her.

Famous works

  • 1913: Bal Bullier , Musée National d'Art Moderne , Paris
  • 1913: La prose du Transsiberien et de la Petite Jehanne de France, pioneering artist book together with Blaise Cendrars
  • 1914: Electric prisms , Musée National d'Art Moderne, Paris
  • Costume studies
  • Grande Icone I. (lithograph)

Exhibitions

literature

  • Robert Delaunay - Sonia Delaunay: The Center Pompidou visits Hamburg . Catalog for the exhibition in the Hamburger Kunsthalle , Hamburger Kunsthalle 1999, ISBN 3-7701-5216-6 .
  • Ingrid Loschek: Reclam's fashion and costume lexicon. 5th edition Reclam, Stuttgart 2005, ISBN 3-15-010577-3 , p. 529.
  • Tatiana Kuschtewskaja: Russians without Russia. Famous Russian Women in 18 Portraits . Grupello, Düsseldorf 2012, ISBN 978-3-89978-162-5 .
  • Sonia Delaunay - les couleurs de l'abstraction. Paris Musées, Paris 2014, ISBN 978-2-7596-0239-1 . Exhibition catalog.
  • Ingrid Pfeiffer, Max Hollein (eds.): Sturm-Frauen: Artists of the Avant-Garde in Berlin 1910-1932 . Wienand, Cologne 2015, ISBN 978-3-86832-277-4 (catalog of the exhibition of the same name, Schirn Kunsthalle Frankfurt , October 30, 2015 to February 7, 2016).
  • Kathleen James-Chakraborty: "From the canvas to the body. Sonia Delaunay's clothing designs." In: Karl R. Kegler , Anna Minta, Niklas Naehrig (eds.): RaumKleider. Connections between architectural space, body and dress. transcript, Bielefeld 2018, pp. 79–98, ISBN 978-3-8376-3625-3 .
  • Margarete Zimmermann: "Texts and textiles. Sonia Delaunay and the avant-gardes", in: S. Bung / S. Zepp (ed.): Migration and Avant-garde. Paris 1917-1962 , De Gruyter, Berlin 2020, pp. 135–164, DOI https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110679366-007 .

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Sonia Delaunay: A life full of colors ( Memento from May 29, 2011 in the Internet Archive ), on Artpages; Retrieved November 20, 2014.
  2. ↑ Rainer Stamm: We want to surpass the futurists . FAZ feature section, March 8, 2016
  3. ↑ Ellen W. Sapega: Portugal . In: Pericles Lewis (ed.): The Cambridge Companion to European Modernism . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 2011. ISBN 978-0-521-19941-4 . Pp. 139–150, here p. 144.
  4. ↑ Museu Municipal Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso: Biography of Amadeo de Souza-Cardoso , accessed on October 14, 2014.
  5. ^ Exhibition information from MAMVP , accessed on November 18, 2014 (French).

Web links

Commons : Sonia Delaunay  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files
personal data
SURNAME Delaunay-Terk, Sonia
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Delaunay, Sonia; Terk, Sonia; Stern, Sarah (maiden name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French painter and designer
DATE OF BIRTH November 14, 1885
PLACE OF BIRTH Ukraine
DATE OF DEATH 5th December 1979
Place of death Paris