Musée des Tissus

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Musée des Tissus
Lyon 2e - Hôtel de Villeroy - Cour intérieure aux couleurs de l'exposition Yves Saint Laurent.jpg
Exterior view
Data
place Lyon , France Coordinates: 45 ° 46 ′ 0.6 "  N , 4 ° 50 ′ 1.1"  EWorld icon
Art
Textile museum, arts and crafts museum
opening March 6, 1864
Number of visitors (annually) 131800 ( 2009 )
operator
management
Esclarmonde Monteil
Website

The Musée des Tissus (until 2018 Musée des Tissus et des Arts décoratifs ) is a French textile and handicraft museum in Lyon . It was founded in 1864 and today houses around 2.5 million objects, one of the largest and most valuable textile collections in the world. The objects cover a period of over 4000 years, they range from antiquity to the present . A large number of different textile techniques from numerous regions of the world are represented. The collection particularly includes numerous pieces from the Lyons silk industry from the Renaissance to the 20th century.

history

The idea of ​​founding a museum of textile art in Lyon goes back to the time of the French Revolution . In 1797, the MP Étienne Mayeuvre presented a draft to the Council of Five Hundred , which proposed the establishment of a museum with an attached drawing school to support the Lyons textile industry ( La Fabrique ), which was heavily attacked by the fall of the Ancien Régime . This proposal was supported by, among others, Camille Pernon , one of the most important Lyon silk manufacturers and Napoleon's supplier .

In 1806 and 1814 the prefect of the Rhône department, at the behest of the interior minister, urged the Lyon Chamber of Commerce ( Chambre de Commerce et d'Industrie de Lyon , CCI) to compile a collection of samples of the silks produced in Lyon. In 1834 and 1846 the Chamber of Commerce also organized exhibitions of foreign silks, particularly those from China , of which the Chamber of Commerce bought some pieces.

In the following decade, the collection was expanded significantly: when the Dutillieu textile factory was wound down, the Chamber of Commerce bought its textile designs in 1848, and in 1850 it acquired the collection of Auguste Gautier's private “Musée de fabrique” . More silks were bought at the London World's Fair in 1851. The Lyon manufacturers, however, felt offended that they were only awarded a few modest medals, and so they demanded in a petition signed by 92 Lyon manufacturers and designers the establishment of an “art and industry museum ” (Musée d'Art et d 'Industry) , which should give the Lyons textile industry new artistic and technical impulses. Several private collections with works not only of textiles, but also of other handicraft and visual arts were then purchased, for example the extensive collection of François Bert in 1854.

Only a few years later, in 1856, the Lyon Chamber of Commerce decided to found the required museum. On March 6, 1864, the museum finally opened its doors on the second floor of the Palais de la Bourse . From the 1870s, the museum increasingly focused on its textile collections, so that on August 6, 1891 the Historical Textile Museum (Musée Historique des Tissus) was brought into being. The handicrafts were taken to the depot. A group of supporters then acquired the Hôtel de Lacroix-Laval , built by Jacques-Germain Soufflot , in 1919 and handed it over to the Chamber of Commerce in 1922. The Museum of Applied Arts opened its doors there in 1925.

During the Second World War , the collections of both museums were initially stored in the Castle of Chamousset , then in the Castle of Bagnols and finally in the Castle of La Bâtie-d'Urfé . They returned to the city in 1945 and the Hôtel de Villeroy , the former residence of the Lyon governor and in the immediate vicinity of the Museum of Applied Arts, was converted into a new textile museum in 1950.

In the spring of 2016, the Chamber of Commerce made the budgetary problems of the museums it runs public and applied for financial support from government agencies. For a long time it was not clear whether the museum could continue to exist, for example a transfer of the textile collections to the Musée des Confluences and the arts and crafts collections to the Musée des Beaux-Arts was discussed. Personalities like Stéphane Bern and Bernard Pivot campaigned publicly for the preservation of the museum. Among other things, a petition collected 134,490 signatures.

In January 2019, the Chamber of Commerce finally transferred the two museums to the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region for the symbolic price of one euro , thus saving them from being dissolved. The President of the Regional Council, Laurent Wauquiez , announced a "renaissance" of the museum from 2020, which will include renovation and expansion of the exhibition rooms from 2021. In November 2019, the newly founded museum, now called Musée des Tissus, opened after three years of closure with a special exhibition on Yves Saint Laurent and his relationship with the Lyons silk industry.

Library and research center of the Musée des Tissus

In addition to a permanent exhibition with textiles from the most diverse eras and regions, the museum regularly holds special exhibitions and maintains a research library with around 40,000 publications. In addition, the Center International d'Étude des Textiles Anciens (CIETA) is located at the Musée des Tissus.

collection

textiles

Today the Musée des Tissus has one of the most valuable and extensive textile collections in the world with more than 2.5 million objects, spanning around 4,000 years of textile and silk history. The oldest pieces come from Egypt from around 2500 BC. BC, the youngest from the 21st century.

The collection includes Coptic knitted fabrics , Sassanid , Byzantine , Chinese and Japanese fabrics as well as a carpet collection from the Middle East and Asia.

Western textile history is represented by Spanish-Moorish, Italian and French fabrics, including paraments , historical clothing , lace and trimmings .

One of the focal points of the collection is Lyon's historical silk production, which began under King Francis I and reached its peak in the 17th and especially the 18th centuries. The museum owns key pieces from important designer entrepreneurs such as Jean Revel and Philippe de Lasalle . After a collapse in production as a result of the French Revolution, there was a renewed upswing in the 19th century, as testified by textiles commissioned by Napoleon and from the Second Empire . Textile production in the 20th century is represented by designs by Raoul Dufy and Sonia Delaunay , among others .

Handicrafts

The museum collection contains around forty historical clocks, French porcelain from manufacturers in Vincennes , Sèvres and Saint-Cloud, among others , as well as a harpsichord with two keyboards from the Lyonese manufacturer Donzelague from 1716. French faiences are from Moustiers , Nevers , Lyon and Pont aux Choux to visit. The collection of goldsmiths ranges from the 18th century to the present day, including works by Christofle , Alessi and Léon Maeght .

It is also worth mentioning the collection of around 10,000 drawings, including artists such as Giorgio Vasari , Primaticcio , Pieter Jansz. Saenredam , Charles Le Brun , Tiepolo , Jean-Honoré Fragonard , Hubert Robert , Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson and Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres .

The rooms in the Hôtel de Lacroix-Laval are partly furnished with paneling from former 18th century Lyon city palaces. In particular, it houses a remarkable collection of furniture by French cabinet makers (including Jean-François Oeben , Pierre Roussel , Charles Topino and Jean-Henri Riesener ). The museum also has a collection of rare straw marqueteria objects from the 17th to 19th centuries.

Among the most important handicraft donations are those of the Gillet family, who donated a collection of Italian Renaissance majolica to the museum , as well as that of the Baboin-Jaubert family, which among other things made seating by the cabinet maker Pierre Nogaret from the time of Louis XV. contains.

Selection of exhibits

  • Re-weaving of a summer silk wall covering for Queen Marie Antoinette , France, presumably. 19th century

  • Chasuble (detail), Anatolia, 13th century

  • Historical silk pattern catalog, France, presumably 18/19. century

  • Yasujirō Yamaguchi: Noh Theater Robe (detail), Japan, 1999

  • Maison Hermès : shirt dress, from the Hermès Sport collection, France, 1972

  • Pierre Donzelague: harpsichord, France 1716

  • Exhibition room with 18th century silks

  • Sonia Delaunay : Taffeta with Geometric Design, 1924

literature

  • Marie-Anne Privat-Savigny (Ed.): Musée des Tissus de Lyon. Collection Guide . EMCC, Lyon 2010, ISBN 978-2-35740-088-7 (English).
  • Pierre Arizzoli-Clémentel: Philippe de Lasalle (1723–1804), Les portraits tissés de Louis XV et de la comtesse de Provence au musée des tissus de Lyon . In: La Revue du Louvre et des musées de France . No. 3 , July 1992, ISSN  0035-2608 , pp. 47-55 (French).
  • Marie Bouzard: La soierie lyonnaise du XVIIe au XXe siècle dans les collections du musée des tissus de Lyon . 2nd Edition. Éditions lyonnaises d'art et d'histoire, Lyon 1999, ISBN 2-84147-093-8 (French).

Web links

Commons : Musée des Tissus  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Museostat 2009 - Fréquentation des musées de France , p. 73
  2. ↑ a b c d e Histoire et architecture. Musée des Tissus, accessed on April 21, 2020 .
  3. ↑ You musée d'Art et d'Industrie au MTMAD. In: www.mtmad.fr. Musée des Tissus et Arts décoratifs, archived from the original on September 17, 2019 ; accessed on April 21, 2020 (French).
  4. ^ A b Marie-Anne Privat-Savigny (Ed.): Musée des Tissus de Lyon. Collection Guide . EMCC, Lyon 2010, ISBN 978-2-35740-088-7 , pp. 6-7 (English).
  5. ↑ Florence Evin: A Lyon, le Musée des tissus se déchire . In: Le Monde.fr . June 9, 2017 ( lemonde.fr [accessed April 21, 2020]).
  6. ^ AFP, Myrtille Serre, Claire Bommelaer: Le musée des Tissus à Lyon sauvé in extremis de la fermeture. In: Le Figaro. October 11, 2017, accessed April 21, 2020 (French).
  7. ↑ Daniel H. Fruman: Non à la fermeture du Musée des Tissus de Lyon. In: change.org. Retrieved April 21, 2020 .
  8. ↑ AFP: Musée des Tissus de Lyon: la nouvelle directrice est arrivée. In: Le Progrès. October 1, 2018, accessed April 21, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Le Musée des Tissus et des Arts décoratifs au bord du gouffre - La Tribune de l'Art. In: www.latribunedelart.com. Retrieved March 7, 2016 .
  10. ↑ Didier Durand: Quatre candidats retenus pour le Musée des Tissus. In: brefEco. January 30, 2020, accessed April 21, 2020 (French).
  11. ↑ Eric Seveyrat: Grande expo Yves Saint-Laurent pour la réouverture du musée des tissus. In: Tout Lyon. November 18, 2019, accessed April 21, 2020 (French).
  12. ^ Chenu Alexis: Le musée des Tissus de Lyon renaît avec une exposition sur Yves Saint Laurent. In: Fashion Network. October 14, 2019, accessed April 21, 2020 (French).
  13. ↑ Center de resources. In: Musée des Tissus. Retrieved April 21, 2020 .
  14. ↑ CIETA - CENTER INTERNATIONAL D'ETUDE DES TEXTILES ANCIENS. Retrieved April 21, 2020 .