Tuba root

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Tuba root
Rigid 990106-3014 Derris elliptica.jpg

Tuba root ( Paraderris elliptica )

Systematics
Order : Fabales (Fabales)
Family : Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily : Faboideae
Tribe : Millettieae
Genre : Paraderris
Type : Tuba root
Scientific name
Paraderris elliptica
( Wall. ) Adema

The tuba root ( Paraderris elliptica ) is a type of plant from the genus ( Paraderris ) in the subfamily of the butterflies (Faboideae) within the legume family (Fabaceae). It is native to southern Asia and Southeast Asia and is grown in the tropics almost worldwide.

description

Stem axis with the relatively large, unpinnate, pinnate leaves

Appearance and leaf

The tuba root grows as a robust liana and reaches heights of 7 to 10 meters. The bark of young twigs, the leaf hachis, the petioles and petioles are hairy with dense brown hairs. The bark of the older branches is bare and scattered with brown lenticels .

The alternate leaves are arranged in a petiole and a leaf blade. The leaf rhachis is 20 to 35 centimeters long including the 4 to 8 centimeter long petiole. The imparipinnate leaf blade contains 9 to 13 leaflets. The thick parchment-like pinnate leaves are 6 to 15 centimeters long and 2 to 4 centimeters wide, oblong, obovate-oblong or obovate-lanceolate with a more or less broad wedge-shaped base and a short, bluntly pointed upper end. The underside of the pinnate leaves is greenish-white, later brown and silky hairy and the upper side is glabrous or hairy only along the leaf veins . The stipules are relatively small.

Inflorescence and flower

The flowering period in China extends from April to May. The inflorescences stand on the side on 8 to 12 centimeters long, or much longer, fluffy hairy inflorescence shafts. The clustered inflorescence contains many flowers. The densely downy hairy inflorescence rhachis has short branches with three or four flowers each. The bracts are shorter than the associated flower buds. There are cover sheets . The dense, downy, hairy flower stalk is 6 to 8 millimeters long.

The flowers are zygomorphic with a length of about 2 centimeters and five-fold with a double inflorescence . The five densely haired sepals are low, cup-shaped and end in five short calyx teeth. The five pink to whitish, 1.5 to 1.8 centimeters long petals stand together in the typical shape of the petals . The outside brown fluffy hairy flag is almost circular with a width of 1.2 to 1.5 centimeters with a bordered upper end. The wing and keel are about the same length. The only carpel is densely hairy and downy.

Fruit and seeds

The woody legume is elongated and flattened with a length of 3.5 to 8 × 1.7 to 2 centimeters and contains one to four seeds. The legume is initially hairy and then bald. The belly seam has an edge about 0.5 millimeters wide and the back seam about 2 millimeters wide. The fruits ripen in China in June. The seeds are lenticular.

ingredients

Your subterranean plant parts contain 0.5 to 6 percent Rotenone , a powerful natural insecticide .

use

The ground roots of the tuba root are used as a fish poison ( piscicide ). The tuba root is grown for use as an insecticide .

It strangles the other plant species.

distribution

Paraderris elliptica is native to India , Laos , Cambodia , Thailand , Singapore , Vietnam , Malaysia , Indonesia and the Philippines . It is grown in the tropics almost worldwide.

It is considered an invasive plant with a high risk of spreading in Hawaii , Fiji and western Polynesia . It thrives aggressively, strangles and covers all vegetation and forms dense plant coverings that prevent any growth of other plant species through shading.

Taxonomy

It was first described in 1832 under the name ( Basionym ) Pongamia elliptica Wall. by Nathaniel Wallich in Plantae Asiaticae Rariores , 3, p. 20, plate 237. This name is not permissible because Robert Sweet published earlier in 1826 in Hortus Britannicus , p. 131 for another species of Fabaceae . In 2000, Fredericus Arnoldus Constantin Basil Adema carried out the new combination to the name Paraderris elliptica (Wall.) Adema, which is valid today, in: Thai Forest Bulletin - Botany , Volume 28, p. 11. Other synonyms for Paraderris elliptica (Wall.) Adema are: Derris elliptica (Roxb.) Benth. , Galedupa elliptica Roxb.

swell

  • Dezhao Chen, Les Pedley: Paraderris elliptica. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 10: Fabaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 , p. 171 ( efloras.org text identical to the printed work).

Individual evidence

  1. a b c d e f g h Dezhao Chen, Les Pedley: Paraderris elliptica. In: Wu Zheng-yi, Peter H. Raven & Deyuan Hong (Eds.): Flora of China. Volume 10: Fabaceae. Science Press and Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing and St. Louis 2010, ISBN 978-1-930723-91-7 , p. 171 ( efloras.org text identical to the printed work).
  2. ^ A b Reinhard Lieberei, Christoph Reisdorff: Useful plants . 8th edition. Thieme, 2012, p. 406 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  3. Georg W. Oesterdiekhoff: The development of mankind from childhood to adulthood . VS, 2013, p. 143 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
  4. Data sheet at The Total Vascular Flora of Singapore Online .
  5. Data sheet at Usambara Invasive Plants of the Darwin Initiative Project . ( Memento of the original from October 4, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.tropical-biology.org
  6. Data sheet at Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk = PIER.
  7. Paraderris elliptica at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed October 9, 2013.

Web links

Commons : Tuba Root ( Paraderris elliptica )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files