Dettmar Philippi

Franz Dettmar Karl Philippi (born January 30, 1889 in Osnabrück , † January 5, 1981 in Schlüchtern ) was a German lawyer, chairman of the legal committee of the Evangelical Church of Westphalia and a member of the regional synod .

Dettmar Philippi (1939)

Youth and education

Philippi was the second son of the archive director Prof. Dr. phil. Friedrich Philippi from Münster. He received his school education at the Schillergymnasium in Münster and began studying philology and history in Bonn in 1907 , later he decided on law and graduated from the University of Münster . In 1912 he began his legal clerkship ; In 1914 he received his doctorate on a Theme from The Erbexen - Saxon legal history for Dr. jur. utriusque (ecclesiastical and secular law). During his studies in Bonn he became a member of the Alemannia Bonn fraternity .

First World War

He took part in the First World War as a lieutenant and regimental adjutant of Infantry Regiment No. 403, in Verdun in 1914, and Courland in 1918. He was wounded three times and received the Iron Cross II and I Class as well as the Knight's Cross of the Royal House Order of Hohenzollern with Swords and the Hamburg Hanseatic Cross . Returned from the war, after the November Revolution of 1919/20 , he joined the Münster Academic Army and the Watter Freikorps , with which he took part in the Ruhr War .

Professional background

Delayed by the war, Philippi was able to take the legal assessor examination in July 1920 and in the same year join the German-Luxemburgish Mining and Hütten-AG (Dortmunder Union) as a legal advisor . From 1926 to 1946 he was then head of the legal and real estate department of Vereinigte Stahlwerke AG. In this function he made a great contribution to the maintenance and expansion of factory settlements (1929–1949 board member of Ruhr-Wohnungsbau AG, a joint venture between the steel industry and the non-profit housing industry; 1933–1969 founder and chairman of the development agency of the Institute for Settlements and Housing, Muenster).

In the Weimar Republic from 1924 to 1933 Philippi was a city councilor in the Dortmund City Council for the German National People's Party (DNVP). Here he was involved in questions of residential construction and private business (gas, water, transport) and for questions of cultural policy that interested him for life. (Chairman of the Dortmund Museum Society 1940–1951). In 1927 he joined the Stahlhelm , the association of soldiers at the front, from which he left after the association was transferred to the SA (1935). The NSDAP he did not join his work at the Dortmund Museum Society has been repeatedly criticized by the Cultural Department of the City of Dortmund due to a strong emphasis on church art in exhibitions and acquisitions.

Second World War

Officer ranking of the 64th Infantry Regiment in June 1940

During the Second World War , Philippi was deployed in the France campaign (1939/40) as a captain and battalion commander in the 64th Infantry Regiment of the 16th Infantry Division , but in 1940 he was assigned to the UK so that he was available again in Dortmund to solve problems in the arms industry.

In 1944, when he was drafted into the leadership of the Volkssturmbataillon in Hörde , he immediately recognized that this formation was in no way sufficient for the tasks set. In March 1945 he wrote a memorandum to the Reich Defense Commissioner Goebbels and independently ordered the dismissal of the Volkssturm men assigned to him before the American troops moved in. This was followed by capture by American troops who took him to France through camps in Rheinberg and Attichy . Philippi returned to Dortmund in September 1945. Difficulties arose when returning to work. The British military government temporarily suspended him from all official duties in March 1946 and initiated an investigation which, however, did not reveal any charges. He was personally hurt by the fact that he was accused of militarism, although he rejected the use of military means of power instead of political acts, the dragging of people and the lack of personal commitment. Regardless of his own endangerment, he had also helped a good half dozen persecuted Christians and Jews by recruiting into the companies under his control. He did not shy away from dealing with the Gestapo in order to protect people from persecution. The work in the Confessing Church (Evangelical Confession Synod Dortmund 1936) and the collaboration with Fritz Heuner and Hans Joachim Iwand from the Marienkirche in Dortmund also document his distance from the NSDAP. After the repeal of the measures by the military government, Philippi was licensed as an independent lawyer and notary in January 1947. In 1949 he went to a law firm, which he led with his brother Fritz Paas and his son Helmut Philippi from 1961 until he left the profession in 1974.

Church offices

Philippi was a member of the Confessing Church, in which he assumed his first functions as presbyter in Hörde in 1933, participated in the Barmer Theological Declaration and was active in the church struggle until the end of the Nazi regime . 1946–1956 he was a member of the Evangelical Regional Synod . In Dortmund he was the chairman of the board of trustees of the Protestant hospital Bethanien in Hörde and the working group of church hospitals in Dortmund, as well as the association of the Evangelical Nursing School and the Evangelical Association for Pensions. His godfather Julius Smend had great ecclesiastical influence on him.

Awards

Philippi was awarded the Münster University Medal in 1964 for his successful career in his academic career and the renewal of his doctoral diploma (golden doctoral diploma) in the same year. In 1964 he also received the Johann Hinrich Wichern plaque from the Evangelical Inner Mission as a thank you for many years of voluntary work.

family

Philippi was married to Elisabeth [Elsbeth] Loewe (born June 17, 1897 in Bochum, † January 6, 1987 in Schlüchtern).

Children:

• Dettmar Philippi (born May 4, 1923 in Dortmund; X August 27, 1942 in Stalingrad)
• Ilse Philippi married Patzer (born April 13, 1926 in Dortmund)
• Helmut Philippi (born January 31, 1929 in Dortmund; † ibid. December 15, 2000) was chairman of the historical association in Dortmund .

literature

• Biographies of important Dortmunders by Hans Bohrmann Volume 1
• The Erbexen , in studies of the German state and legal history by Otto v. Greed
• The Erbexen in the Saxon-Westphalian marrow cooperative of the late Middle Ages and the early modern times Dissertation by Detmar Philippi. - Breslau: Marcus, 1914 - 64 pp.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Alemanni album 1969 (D. Philippi = No. 765)
2. ^ Lieselotte Steveling: Juristen in Münster: A contribution to the history of the law and political science faculty of the Westphalian Wilhelms-Universität Münster / westf. 1999, p. 202 ff.
3. ↑ Edgar J. Jung: A Conservative Revolutionary June 30, 1934 P. 56 [1]
4. ^ Ecclesiological aspects of the Barmer Theological Declaration ( PDF ( Memento from June 12, 2006 in the Internet Archive ))
5. ^ Protestantism and the public in the Dortmund area 1942 / 43-1955 / 56 by Hermann U. Koehn [2]