The Hunger Games

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The Hunger Games (original title: The Hunger Games (German: The Hunger Games)) is a dystopian novel series of US novelist Suzanne Collins . The novels were originally published between 2008 and 2010. The German translations by Sylke Hachmeister and Peter Klöss were published for the first time between 2009 and 2011 by the Oetinger- Verlag and sold 4.7 million times. According to Scholastic , over 100 million books in the series have been sold worldwide.

In May 2020 a fourth volume was published in the form of a prequel , which is located before the first three volumes. In October 2019, covers and titles were unveiled at a festival in the USA. The English title is The Ballad of Songsbirds and Snakes , in the German translation published by Friedrich Oetinger the song is The Song of Birds and Snakes . The protagonist of the prequel is the later President of Panem, Coriolanus Snow, who is still young.

A film adaptation of the first volume was published in 2012 under the title The Hunger Games - The Hunger Games . In addition, Funtactix published The Hunger Games Adventures, the online role-playing version of the book, in April 2012 . In 2013 the film adaptation of the second volume The Hunger Games - Catching Fire came to the cinema, on November 20, 2014 the first part of the third volume, The Hunger Games - Mockingjay Part 1 followed . On November 19, 2015 the sequel and the final The Hunger Games - Mockingjay Part 2 was published.

On the literary form: The novel trilogy is written entirely in the first person form from the perspective of the young protagonist Katniss Everdeen ( autodiegetic storytelling), in the present tense . Katniss constantly tells and comments on what is happening, what she is doing, experiencing, thinking and feeling. She always reflects her own position and behavior. Katniss' inner monologue is in stark contrast to the spectacular, often rapid and violent action. This contrast of narrative and plot creates tension that is additional to the dynamics of the story.

Panem

The Hunger Games takes place in an unspecified future after North America was largely destroyed by wars and natural disasters . The dictatorial nation of Panem emerged from the rubble, originally consisting of the ruling wealthy Capitol and 13 surrounding poorer districts. The name of the country of Panem is derived from the saying Panem et circenses (Latin for 'bread and games') by the Roman poet Juvenal . With bread and games, the Romans were to be prevented from revolting against the state.

Finally, in Panem, because of the increasing exploitation of the people, there was a revolt of the district residents against the Capitol. However, this was suppressed, with District 13 according to government statements being completely destroyed. As a warning to the districts, the rulers introduced the so-called Hunger Games (see below). These are intended to intimidate the districts and remind them that they are defenselessly exposed to the power of the government.

Capitol

The Capitol is the capital of Panem and is ruled directly by President Coriolanus Snow. Its inhabitants are the richest citizens of Panem. They live in decadent luxury compared to most people in the districts. All tributes (a kind of gladiators , explanation in the Hunger Games section ) are brought to the Capitol for the Hunger Games to be trained and presented there. For the residents of the capital, the games are a great pleasure and the most important event of the year.

Districts

The rest of Panems is divided into different, differently sized districts, each specializing in certain products such as electricity generation or fishing. This specialization allows the Capitol to exercise greater control over the individual districts, as none are self-sufficient, but different districts are equipped with different luxury goods. The districts don't have names, they have numbers. For example, District 7 supplies the other districts with wood and wood products. There are a total of 13 districts in Panem, with the thirteenth up to Mockingjay considered destroyed. District 12, the home of the protagonist Katniss Everdeen, is used for coal production. As this district is very poor, the mines cannot be adequately safeguarded and many workers die in the mines. District 1 is the wealthiest district; luxury goods are manufactured there.

Hunger games

Every year a girl and a boy between the ages of 12 and 18 are drawn from each of the twelve districts, the so-called tributes, who have to fight each other to the death in an open-air arena until there is only one tribute left. The games are broadcast on television and on screens across Panem, and residents of the districts are forced to celebrate the Hunger Games as a festival.

Before the games begin, there will be a parade of wagons to the Tribute Training Center and a three-day training session with the other Tributes. Individual demonstrations are then carried out and the playmakers estimate the chances of winning each tribute on a scale from 0 to 12. Finally, all tributes are interviewed for three minutes in a public event. Through the above-mentioned events, the tributes try to convince sponsors who can give them expensive gifts such as food or medicine in the arena in order to increase their chances of survival.

In the arena, the tributes are finally placed on circular metal plates with a cornucopia in the middle . You first have a minute to find your way around the arena. During this time, the tributes are not allowed to leave the metal plates, otherwise they will be blown up by mines. After the minute has elapsed, they can stock up on equipment at the cornucopia and the surrounding area. These can be weapons as well as food and medicine. Since these items are fought particularly hard, especially at the beginning, many tributes die in the initial slaughter around the cornucopia.

The entire arena is surrounded by a force field that prevents the tributes from escaping. Weather and various special weapons are controlled by the playmakers; if they and the Capitol find the games too boring, they force the tributes to fight through various interventions.

A cannon is shot down for each dead tribute and in the evening a picture of the deceased appears in the sky, so that the tributes still alive know who was killed. Some tributes band together and form alliances. There are also the so-called careers who have been trained for the Hunger Games all their lives and then volunteer to compete as a tribute, and usually win.

characters

Katniss Everdeen
Katniss is a 16-year-old from District 12 and the protagonist of the story. She competes as a female tribute for her district in the 74th Hunger Games in the arena. Katniss is the first District 12 tribute to volunteer in the Games in the history of Panem. She does this to save her sister Primrose from the cruel fate of the tributes, as this was originally drawn. Katniss and Prim's father died a few years ago in a gas explosion in the coal mines, as a result of which their mother fell ill with severe depression and was hardly accessible to her children. So Katniss was forced to take care of the family and ensure their survival. She regularly hunts game in the forest with her best friend Gale in order to be able to sell it on the black market ("Hob"), because this is the only financial source of her family in addition to the cheese production by Prims Ziege. The name Katniss is derived from an English name for the arrow herb .
Peeta Mellark
Peeta is sent to the arena as a tribute along with Katniss. He is the son of the baker in District 12 and is also 16 years old. He has been in love with Katniss since they both started school. At the age of 11, he saved Katniss and her family's lives by deliberately burning bread and throwing it to her when he was forbidden.
Gale Hawthorne
Gale is Katniss' best friend and is two years older than her. The two met while poaching in the forest. His father died in the same mining accident as Katniss' father; Gale also has to support his family on his own.
Primrose Everdeen
Primrose (Prim) is Katniss' twelve year old sister. It was actually drawn for the 74th Hunger Games, but Katniss takes her place to protect her. Through her mother, who is a pharmacist and healer, Primrose has great medical expertise. She is always very concerned about Katniss and owns a goat named Lady, which Katniss gave her, as well as a tomcat named Buttercup. Primrose is the English word for primrose .
Haymitch Abernathy
Haymitch is Katniss and Peeta's mentor for the Hunger Games. With the help of a force field he won the 50th Hunger Games, the second jubilee jubilee, and has since tried to numb memories of his own games with alcohol, which is why he is mostly found drunk. For the time in the arena, he promises to stay halfway sober to help Katniss and Peeta win.
Rue
Rue is Katniss' twelve year old ally (from District 11), who reminds her a lot of her sister Prim. She is killed by the boy from District 1 (Marvel) (Katniss sings for her while she is dying). After her death, Katniss buries her with flowers, which she quickly collects before the body is retrieved. The whole thing should be a silent greeting to District 11, whereupon the latter shows his appreciation for Katniss with bread from the district. Rue is the English word for the rue .
Cinna
Cinna is Katniss' stylist during the Hunger Games. He and Katniss become good friends; she trusts him and is grateful to him for everything he does for her. He's the first person in the Capitol she doesn't despise. Without his outfits Katniss would never have become so popular with the people in the Capitol, he made her Katniss - The Girl on Fire ; if it hadn't been for Cinna, Peeta and Katniss wouldn't have become so popular.
Effie Trinket
Effie is Katniss and Peeta's supervisor. She always wears a brightly colored wig and matching make-up. Gale and Katniss like to imitate them; they both find the Capitol accent exaggerated, like everything else in the Capitol. Effie is always worried about Katniss and Peeta, and somehow Katniss finds her sympathetic, even if she still despises everything that has to do with the Capitol.
President Coriolanus Snow
President Snow is the President of Panems. He is an old man with snow-white hair who reminds Katniss of a snake. He is a very strict ruler and dictator. He never misses any part of the games. For him, the games are at the heart of Panama.
President Alma Coin
President Coin is the president of District 13, believed to be wiped out, and co-founder of the rebellion. She is an intelligent, combative and at the same time domineering woman, with whom Katniss cannot get along from the start. With her sometimes very authoritarian leadership style, she is no better than Snow.

Plot of the novels

Volume 1: Deadly Games

16-year-old Katniss Everdeen from District 12 takes her younger sister Primrose's place at the 74th Hunger Games. Together with Peeta Mellark, she will fight 22 other tributes in an arena. But the situation becomes more complicated when Peeta confesses his love for Katniss in an interview. Her mentor Haymitch Abernathy, who won the 50th game, demands that the two play the couple in love in public. But at the beginning of the Hunger Games, Katniss loses sight of Peeta and later finds him seriously injured. Together they then fight against the others until only the two are left. Although there was previously a rule change that there will be two winners if the last two are from the same district and the game was actually over, the change will be subsequently withdrawn. Not wanting to kill each other, they decide to use a ruse to survive. They wanted to eat poisonous berries. So the Capitol would not have a winner, which would be bad for its reputation because it could not present a winner. As a result, Seneca Crane, the top playmaker, is forced to crown Katniss and Peeta as the winners of the 74th Hunger Games. Katniss later learns from Haymitch that the Capitol, especially President Snow, was not enthusiastic about Katniss' idea of ​​suicide, so Seneca Crane had to be killed.

Volume 2: Dangerous Love

It's been six months since Katniss and Peeta were at the Hunger Games. Katniss realizes that what she did at the end of the first volume started a chain reaction for the rebels in Panem. President Snow also threatens Katniss that he will kill her family and friends if she does not help calm the rebels. On the tour of the winners, Katniss realizes that the rebellion has already started in individual districts. When Peeta learns of President Snow's blackmail, he proposes to her in front of the camera. But they did the math without the president; this announces that two of the former winners from each district will be drawn for the 75th Hunger Games. For District 12, Katniss and Peeta have to enter the race. Katniss vows that this time she will do everything possible to save Peeta's life, even if it means that she must die herself. At Haymitch's urging, they look for allies and find some who fight for a resistance group against the Capitol without the knowledge of Katniss and Peeta. When Katniss destroys the Hunger Games arena, she is transported by hovercraft to District 13, which serves as a base for the rebellion. There she must learn from Haymitch that Peeta has been captured by the Capitol. Gale reports to Katniss that District 12 was destroyed by incendiary bombs after the Hunger Games.

Volume 3: Flaming Wrath

After being liberated from the arena, Katniss is in District 13, which officially no longer exists, but was built in an underground bunker system. Peeta Mellark, however, could not be saved by the rebels and is in captivity at the Capitol. Katniss, who through her behavior and her deeds in the arena has become a symbol of resistance to President Snow and the Capitol for many residents of the districts, has agreed to become the official icon of the rebellion in District 13 and everyone through professionalized propaganda Mobilize and unite districts for battle. Meanwhile, Peeta also appears in propaganda videos, albeit on the side of the Capitol, although it remains unclear whether he is really on their side or whether he was forced to do so through psychological conditioning and torture. However, when Peeta surprisingly warns of an impending air strike on District 13 in a live video broadcast from the Capitol, it becomes clear that he is not voluntarily supporting the Capitol. After succeeding in freeing Peeta and a few other prisoners from the Capitol, it turns out that Peeta is mentally damaged by a neurotoxin. Katniss receives military training and is sent to the Capitol with a military unit and a camera team to film bogus attacks. A chain reaction is triggered during these recordings, which is why the group has to flee into the underground of the Capitol. After the fighting there, Katniss arrives at the presidential palace, where the rebels defeat the Capitol. When she is about to execute President Snow in an official ceremony, she decides to kill Coin, the president of District 13, instead, for ordering the murder of her sister Prim and other rebel paramedics who wanted to help innocent Capitol residents. Katniss also wants to prevent the new president from building a dictatorship similar to the one established by Snow and now destroyed by the revolution. After his arrest by the rebels, President Snow had told her that Coin was planning to come to his throne himself and that he was going to play him off against Katniss in a kind of intrigue. Nevertheless, President Snow dies of internal bleeding. After a court hearing, Katniss returns to District 12 and Peeta follows her some time later. The two are a couple in the epilogue and have two children.

Prequel: The Song of the Bird and the Snake

The prequel tells the story of President Snow starting with the 10th Hunger Games.

role models

The author named the Greek myth of Theseus and the Minotaur as a model for the trilogy. The historical personality Spartacus was an essential source for the figure of Katniss.

Gender roles in Panem

Obviously there are comparatively few differences between the gender roles in Panem: women also work in the mine, the game makers belong to both genders and the same norms and conditions apply to both genders when it comes to tributes. Only a few passages are explicitly related to gender; the only sex symbol is not a woman, but Finnick , who is being forced into prostitution by President Snow. The female figure, which corresponds to the traditional understanding of roles, is Prim: she is named after a flower, giggles, chats, is empathetic and also caring for animals. She devotes herself to nursing and ends up becoming a victim.

Katniss herself is portrayed as an androgynous, combative, responsible, pain-insensitive, self-sufficient Amazon who earns a living for her family. Katniss expressly has no desire to have children. Above all, Katniss has no equal female confidante, no girlfriend: all of her equal caregivers with whom she discusses are men: Gale, Peeta, Haymitch, Cinna, Finnick, Plutarch. In addition, there is no sex and no rape in any of the three books.

The Capitol's fluid attitude towards gender roles is evident in the stylists Venia and Octavia: Venia has tattooed eyebrows, Octavia's body is colored, and fashion trends have been transformed into body trends. These are not temporary improvements to the surface, but cosmetic surgeries that are the order of the day, as Katniss' remark shows that Caesar Flickermann has been looking the same for 40 years. Katniss perceives these people as superficial and artificial, but in the culture that prevails in Panem, physical transformations are seen as a means of shaping identity. Men and women are subject to the same rules here.

Cinna, the androgynous stylist, is the figure in the first volume of the novel who makes the uprising possible: He feminizes Katniss so that she can become a more successful rebel.

criticism

The Hunger Games has been criticized for its similarities to the Japanese novel Battle Royale , which was also made into a film . The writer John Green praised the work for its brilliant plot and the right pace, but also stated that the premise of the novel was practically identical to that of Battle Royale.

The New York Times wrote in 2011 that "the parallels are so strong that Collins' work is referred to in the blogosphere as unvarnished plagiarism ."

According to Stephen King, the reality TV landscapes were similar to Battle Royale and his own books Manhunt and Death March .

Awards

The Hunger Games - Deadly Games was awarded the Buxtehude Bullen in 2009 and received the prize of the youth jury in the age group between 14 and 15 at the German Youth Literature Prize in 2010 .

Maria Koschny was nominated for the German Audio Book Prize 2012 in the category »Best Artist« ( The Hunger Games - Flammender Zorn ).

The novel trilogy The Hunger Games won the Teen Choice Award 2012 in the Choice Other: Book category.

Film adaptations

A total of four films were shot, with the third volume being split into two films. The following list provides an overview of the films. They are all based on the template by Suzanne Collins .

No. title Director premiere Net income
in US dollars
Budget
in US dollars
source
1 The Hunger Games - The Hunger Games Gary Ross March 12, 2012 694.394.724 078 million
2 The Hunger Games - Catching Fire Francis Lawrence 11th. November.2013 865.011.746 130 million
3 The Hunger Games - Mockingjay Part 1 November 10, 2014 755.356.711 125 million
4th The Hunger Games - Mockingjay Part 2 4th November 2015 653.428.261 160 million
Total: (as of January 13, 2019) 2,968,191,442 493 million

Parodies

literature

  • Suzanne Collins: The Hunger Games - Deadly Games. Oetinger Verlag, 2009, ISBN 978-3-7891-3218-6 .
  • Suzanne Collins: The Hunger Games - Dangerous Love. Oetinger Verlag, 2010, ISBN 978-3-7891-3219-3 .
  • Suzanne Collins: The Hunger Games - Flaming Wrath. Oetinger Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-7891-3220-9 .
  • Suzanne Collins: The Hunger Games - A Song of the Bird and the Snake. Oetinger Verlag, 2020, ISBN 978-3-7891-2002-2
  • Emily Soap: The Hunger Games - The Official Guide to the Tributes. Oetinger Verlag, 2011, ISBN 978-3-7891-3224-7 .
  • Liane Schüller: The Hunger Games - Literature and Film. In: German lessons. Magazine for German lessons in sec. I and sec. II: Fantastic literature. Edited by P. Bekes. Vol. 67 (2014), no . 4, ISSN  0012-1460 , pp. 17-23.
  • Kate Egan (Eng. Petra Knese): The Hunger Games - The Hunger Games - The official book for the film. Oetinger Verlag, 2012, ISBN 978-3-7891-3223-0 .

Audio books

  • Suzanne Collins: The Hunger Games - Deadly Games. Oetinger Audio, 2010, read: Maria Koschny, ISBN 978-3-8373-0515-9 .
  • Suzanne Collins: The Hunger Games - Dangerous Love. Oetinger Audio, September 2010, read: Maria Koschny, ISBN 978-3-8373-0532-6 .
  • Suzanne Collins: The Hunger Games - Flaming Wrath. Oetinger Audio, March 2011, read: Maria Koschny, ISBN 978-3-8373-0560-9 .

See also

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. orf.at Title and cover of "Hunger Games" prequel revealed. Retrieved October 7, 2019
  2. scholastic.com (Engl.) Retrieved October 3, 2019
  3. Press release from the Oetinger publishing group January 2020
  4. Interview with Suzanne Collins via her sources , scholastic.com, accessed September 5, 2015.
  5. Susan Dominus: Suzanne Collins's War Stories for Kids , New York Times, Magazine, April 8, 2011, accessed April 5, 2015. In the English-language original: "Katniss follows the same arc from slave to gladiator to rebel to face of a war . "
  6. a b Jessica Miller: She has no idea what kind of charisma she can have: Katniss and the gender problem. in: George Dunn, Nicolas Michaud (eds.): The philosophy of 'The Hunger Games'. Hunger Games - love, power and survival , translated by Ursula Bischoff. Wiley-VCH Verlag Weinheim, 2013, ISBN 978-3-527-50753-5 , p. 148.
  7. Jessica Miller: She has no idea what kind of charisma she can have: Katniss and the gender problem , in: George Dunn, Nicolas Michaud (ed.): The philosophy of 'The Hunger Games'. Hunger Games - love, power and survival , translated by Ursula Bischoff. Wiley-VCH Verlag Weinheim, 2013, ISBN 978-3-527-50753-5 , p. 146.
  8. Jessica Miller: She has no idea what kind of charisma she can have: Katniss and the gender problem , in: George Dunn, Nicolas Michaud (ed.): The philosophy of 'The Hunger Games'. Hunger Games - love, power and survival , translated by Ursula Bischoff. Wiley-VCH Verlag Weinheim, 2013, ISBN 978-3-527-50753-5 , p. 147.
  9. a b c d Jennifer Mitchell: Of Queer Necessity. Panem's Hunger Games as Gender Games. in: Mary F. Pharr, Leisa A. Clark (Eds.): Of bread, blood and the Hunger Games: critical essays on the Suzanne Collins trilogy. McFarland & Company, inc. Publishers Jefferson North Carolina, 2012, ISBN 978-0-7864-7019-8 , p. 135.
  10. Amy L. Montz: Rebels in Dresses: Distractions of Competitive Girlhood in young adult Dystopian Fiction. in: Sara K. Day, Miranda A. Green-Barteet, Amy L. Montz (Eds.): Female Rebellion in Young Adult Dystopian Fiction. Ashgate Publishing Limited, Surrey 2014, ISBN 9781472431493 , page 111.
  11. ^ John Green: Children's Books: Scary New World. In: The New York Times . November 7, 2008, accessed December 29, 2013 .
  12. Susan Dominus: Suzanne Collins's War Stories for Kids. In: The New York Times. April 8, 2011, accessed December 29, 2013 .
  13. Stephen King: Book Review: The Hunger Games (2008). In: Entertainment Weekly . September 8, 2008, accessed December 29, 2013 .
  14. Maria Koschny: Nominated for the German Audio Book Prize 2012 in the category "Best Artist". (No longer available online.) In: Official website of the German Audiobook Prize. Archived from the original on December 30, 2013 ; Retrieved December 29, 2013 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.deutscher-hoerbuchpreis.de
  15. The Hunger Games - The Hunger Games In: BoxOfficeMojo.com, accessed January 13, 2019.
  16. The Hunger Games - Catching Fire In: BoxOfficeMojo.com, accessed January 13, 2019.
  17. The Hunger Games - Mockingjay Part 1 In: BoxOfficeMojo.com, accessed on January 13, 2019.
  18. The Hunger Games - Mockingjay Part 2 In: BoxOfficeMojo.com, accessed on January 13, 2019.
  19. Jump up ↑ The Hunger Games In: BoxOfficeMojo.com, accessed January 13, 2019.