Disposition (economy)
Disposition is in the business organization a place within all operational functions of a company whose mission in the implementation of the company's internal demand management is.
General
In 1962, the business economist Erich Kosiol subdivided the operational design as “purposeful action” into structuring and disposition. The boundaries between organization , planning , disposition and improvisation , which can be summarized under the umbrella term "order", are fluid. Operational functions with scheduling tasks are primarily procurement , production , sales , financing , human resources , administration , research and development and logistics . According to Erich Kosiol, the disposition concerns “individual dispositions of operational goods” in these areas. Input goods are the operational production factors labor , resources , materials and capital . They are available within the framework of the operational production process . In 1968 Edmund Heinen specified dispositions as one-off individual measures, "which occur continuously in connection with the production process and have no structuring effect".
Functions
Disposition is a function that is related to planned activities such as division , distribution or sorting . This includes specifically the registration of the customer order in the customer service ( order acceptance ) on the demand-driven ordering of raw materials , consumables and supplies by the materials management , the planning of cycle times in the production, the use of staff by staff planners at the right work , the disposition of financing instruments in financing to distribution of the final product in the logistics by dispatchers . Disposition always has the task of providing the right amount , at the right time , in the right place in order to achieve the planned work performance.
species
Kosiol differentiates between free (unbound) and bound dispositions , depending on whether they take place in a regulated structure or not. As free dispositions, they are made in isolation; as bound, they are made within the framework of organizational or improvisational conditions. In addition, a distinction is made between demand-based and consumption-based scheduling. With the former, the demand of a material part is derived from the demands of its higher-level parts, with the bound disposition the consumption of the past is used as a basis for the forecast of the future demand. In some cases, subjective methods (estimates) are also used (see: needs assessment strategy ).
In the context of dispositive decisions of the elementary factor materials, disposition in materials management is understood to be the operational determination of requirements and the coverage of requirements for and with material in the sense of material disposition . Disposition is also the quantitative division of orders with current performance requirements and the scheduled allocation to the available resources. In day-to-day business, the dispatching office has the task of dividing incoming orders and assigning the dispatching offices to their dispatching area, as well as managing the flow of materials and stocks in such a way that all orders are reliably delivered on the desired delivery date at minimal cost . In retail , goods scheduling deals with ordering the range in terms of sales volume and timing that correspond to customer demand. Goods disposition is also the short-term planning of merchandise and commodities that are produced by other economic entities and are not part of one's own production program . In the context of planning, operational disposition is the decision of a situation-dependent individual case within the planning framework, as opposed to improvisation.
meaning
Dispositions serve to ensure the adaptation to the environmental conditions by satisfying the internal demand . Business operations necessarily require constant disposition. For the long-term well-being of the company, a balanced relationship between organization, improvisation and disposition is of the greatest importance. If the disposition is a weak point , this can lead to damaging operational disruptions due to supply problems or bottlenecks .
Another importance lies in the area of organization . While organizing creates permanent rules, scheduling sets rules for special events .
Others
In the financial sector , disposition is also understood to mean the disposition of money ( cash , book money ) through means of payment or in payment transactions for business and other transactions and asset disposition in the form of financial investments or investments .
Individual evidence
- ↑ Erich Kosiol, Organization of the Enterprise , 1962, p. 29
- ^ Fritz Erhard / Siegfried Suda / Karl W. Hennig / Gerhard Mann / Friedhelm Hülshoff / Walter Neddermeyer / Herbert Vormbaum / Wolfgang Korndörfer, Betriebswirtschaftslehre , Volume 4, 1975, p. 177
- ↑ Erich Kosiol, Organization of the Company , 1962, p. 28
- ↑ Edmund Heinen, Introduction to Business Administration , 1968, p. 77
- ↑ Erich Kosiol, Organization of the Company , 1962, p. 28
- ↑ Karl-Werner Hansmann, Industrial Management , 2006, p. 292 ff.
- ↑ Eberhard Stickel, Gabler Wirtschaftsinformatik-Lexikon , 1997, p. 199
- ↑ Timm Gudehus, Dynamic Disposition. Strategies for optimal order and inventory disposition , 2nd edition, Springer, Berlin, 2006, p. 3, ISBN 3-540-32236-1
- ↑ TGMC Management Consulting GmbH, Mail Order Management , 2003, p 69>
- ↑ Sven Crone, Neural Networks for Forecasting and Disposition in Retail , 2010, p. 10
- ↑ Ute Arentzen, Gabler Wirtschaftslexikon , 1993, p. 816
- ^ Fritz Erhard / Siegfried Suda / Karl W. Hennig / Gerhard Mann / Friedhelm Hülshoff / Walter Neddermeyer / Herbert Vormbaum / Wolfgang Korndörfer, Betriebswirtschaftslehre , Volume 4, 1975, p. 10
- ^ Karl Wilhelm Henning, Business Organizational Studies , 1957, p. 8
- ↑ REFA , Association for Work Studies and Business Organization e. V. (Hrsg.), Lexicon of business organization ( methodology of business organization ), Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich 1993, p. 61, ISBN 3-446-17523-7