Ditzum Church

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Ditzum church with bell tower from the south
Interior to the east

The Evangelical Reformed Ditzum Church is in Ditzum in the Rheiderland , in south-western East Friesland . The church was built around 1200 or in the middle of the 13th century, but has been rebuilt several times over the centuries.

History and description of the building

Church tower from 1846

The brick church was built around 1180-1220, but no later than the middle of the 13th century, as a single-nave apse hall on a terp . Originally it was a procession church. The rectangular floor plan is 26.5 m × 10.5 m. In pre-Reformation period the church belonged to the provost Hatzum in the Diocese of Münster , joined the Reformation to the Lutheran and 1640, at the latest in 1650 for Reformed confession. The first Reformed pastor was Albert Holthuis, who gave a sermon in Ditzum in 1641.

The small Romanesque arched windows are still preserved on the north wall . In the middle of the 16th century, the apse was removed in the course of a reconstruction of the church , of which the remaining round arch in the east wall , which has been straight since then , still testifies. The old portals in the north and south walls were bricked up and the floor raised. The elongated hagioscope in the south wall has also been closed . As part of a further renovation in 1786–88, the floor was raised again. On the south side, the windows were moved and enlarged as a pointed arch, which is clearly visible on the outer wall.

The separate tower in the west of the church was built by Marten Bruns Schmidt in 1846 and replaces the previous tower. The bricked-up octagonal tower shaft is structured by corner pilasters and tapers towards the top. Round-arched sound openings for the bells are let into the two upper floors. The wooden tower structure has an open lantern with a gallery. It is crowned by a high point with a gilded tower knob and weathercock. In terms of its external shape, it resembles a lighthouse and probably also served as a navigation mark. Architecturally, it is comparable to the towers of the Jemgumer Church and the Great Church in Leer . The bronze Marienbell was cast in 1479. Two other bells date from 1959 and 1961. The church clock was installed in 1915.

After artillery damage in April 1945, the church was restored, a west portal was created and the interior of the church was partly redesigned. On September 11, 1949, the congregation was able to use the church again, but carried out extensive renovations until 1963. The outer walls were renovated in the 1990s.

Furnishing

Grave slab (12th century) next to the pulpit
Interior facing west

The interior is closed off by a wooden barrel vault . An oak table with inlaid ebony and rosewood by Master Hinderk Fooken (Jemgum) from 1660, donated by Pastor Albert Holthuis, serves as the Last Supper table . The pulpit with sound cover from 1684 was made by master Frederich (Frerick) Alberts from oak wood with inlays in the Renaissance style.

Next to the pulpit there is a sarcophagus lid made of sandstone with the weathered relief of a praying woman, which was made before 1200 and is therefore older than the church. Eight more grave slabs of Ditzum preachers can be found on the north and west walls. Remains of grave slabs still come from the Romanesque period. To the left of the glass door is the tombstone of the first Protestant preacher, Gerlich Wilken († April 10, 1554).

A cup by the master Hinrich Loesing from 1674 belongs to the Vasa Sacra. The chandeliers were donated in 1803 and 1810.

organ

Schuke organ from 1965

According to the accounting books, the community purchased an organ in 1703/1704, which was probably built by Joachim Kayser or Valentin Ulrich Grotian . In 1786 there was a transfer to the east side and 1786–1788 a repair by Johann Friedrich Wenthin . As a replacement for the predecessor organ by Wilhelm Eilert Schmid (1821–1822), which was destroyed in 1945 , the Karl Schuke organ workshop built a new organ in 1965, which has 13 stops on two manuals and a pedal . The disposition is as follows:

I Hauptwerk C – g 3
Principal 8th'
Capstan flute 8th'
octave 4 ′
Forest flute 2 ′
Mixture IV-VI
Trumpet 8th'
II breastwork C – g 3
Dumped 8th'
Reed flute 4 ′
Principal 2 ′
octave 1'
Pedal C – f 1
Sub bass 16 ′
octave 8th'
Pommer 4 ′

Peal

The Ditzum Church now houses a total of three bells . The smallest sounds in strike note F sharp 2 and was cast in 1959 by the Wilhelmshütte company. It is not made of bronze , but of iron and hangs open in the tower lantern. The two large bells, cast in 1479 and 1961, hang in the tower itself. The bell with the largest weight is, like the small bell f sharp 2 , an iron bell and was cast in 1961 by the Wilhelmshütte company. It has the strike note e 1 and a weight of 1,523 kg. The Marienbell, cast by Barthold Klinghe in 1479, hangs on the upper floor. In 1961 it was changed when the new e 1 iron bell was purchased. It sounds today in the strike note c sharp 1 with a weight of. 1,109 kg. In 2009 the peal was restored (except for the f sharp 2 bell ). The old bell from 1479 was removed and successfully welded. Now the bells hang on top of each other on straight wooden yokes in the wooden bell chair. The work was carried out by the Simon Laudy bell and art foundry.

See also

literature

  • Hans-Bernd Rödiger, Menno Smid : Frisian churches in Emden, Leer, Borkum, Mormerland, Uplengen, Overledingen and Reiderland , volume 3. Verlag CL Mettcker & Söhne, Jever 1980, p. 85.
  • Robert Noah: God's houses in East Frisia . Soltau-Kurier, Norden 1989, ISBN 3-922365-80-9 .
  • Insa Segebade: Reformed churches on the Ems . Evangelical Reformed Church, Leer 1999, ISBN 3-00-004645-3 .
  • Monika van Lengen: Rheiderland churches. Journey of discovery to places of worship from eight centuries in the west of East Frisia . H. Risius, Weener 2000.
  • Hermann Haiduck: The architecture of the medieval churches in the East Frisian coastal area . 2nd Edition. Ostfriesische Landschaftliche Verlags- und Vertriebs-GmbH, Aurich 2009, ISBN 978-3-940601-05-6 , p. 45 ff., 50, 219 .
  • Anna Sophie Inden (text), Martin Stromann (photos): God's houses in the Rheiderland . In: Ostfriesland Magazin 2/2015, SKN Druck und Verlag, Norden 2015, p. 48 ff.
  • Peter Karstkarel: All middeleeuwse kerken. Van Harlingen dead Wilhelmshaven . 2nd Edition. Uitgeverij Noordboek, Groningen 2008, ISBN 978-90-330-0558-9 , p. 716-717 .
  • Gottfried Kiesow : Architecture Guide East Friesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz , Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 152-153 .

Web links

Commons : Ditzumer Church  - collection of images

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c Segebade: Reformed churches on the Ems. 1999, p. 20.
  2. ↑ a b c Gottfried Kiesow : Architectural Guide Ostfriesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz , Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 152 .
  3. ^ Menno Smid : Ostfriesische Kirchengeschichte (= East Friesland in the protection of the dike. Vol. 6). Self-published, Pewsum 1974, p. 42.
  4. ↑ a b Homepage of the parish , accessed on April 7, 2018.
  5. ^ Ingeborg Nöldeke: Hidden treasures in East Frisian village churches - hagioscopes, rood screens and sarcophagus lids - overlooked details from the Middle Ages . Isensee Verlag, Oldenburg 2014, ISBN 978-3-7308-1048-4 , p. 156 ff.
  6. ^ A b Gottfried Kiesow: Architectural Guide East Friesland . Verlag Deutsche Stiftung Denkmalschutz, Bonn 2010, ISBN 978-3-86795-021-3 , p. 153 .
  7. ^ Monika van Lengen: Rheiderland churches. Journey of discovery to places of worship from eight centuries in the west of East Frisia . H. Risius, Weener 2000, p. 12 .
  8. ^ Segebade: Reformed Churches on the Ems. 1999, p. 21.
  9. ^ Organ in Ditzum , accessed on April 7, 2018.
  10. ↑ David Steen, Paul Weßels (local chronicles of the East Frisian landscape ): Ditzum , accessed on April 7, 2018 (PDF file; 65 kB).

Coordinates: 53 ° 18 ′ 54.4 "  N , 7 ° 16 ′ 47.1"  E