Dmitri Gavrilowitsch Levitski

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Dmitri Gavrilowitsch Levitski (1916)

Dmitri Gawrilowitsch Levizki ( Russian Дмитрий Гаврилович Левицкий ; * 1873 in Odessa ; † November 23, 1935 in Stalino ) was a Russian mining engineer .

Life

Levizki attended the Richelieu High School in Odessa (graduated in 1891) and then studied at the Imperial New Russian University in Odessa (graduated in 1895) and at the St. Petersburg Mining Institute (graduated in 1901). Then he worked in the Odessa steel foundry and then in the Perekoper salt production in the province Taurien .

In 1904 Levizki went to Donbass and worked as a chief mining engineer in the mines of what is now Donetsk . He was head of the Makarjew mine of the Rykowski mine, in which the largest mining disaster occurred in June 1908 with 274 dead miners . A mine fire broke out after a methane and coal dust explosion . At the risk of his life, Levitski led the fire-fighting work starting from the dynamite store and rescued dozens of miners. In the subsequent trial he was sentenced to only a few months' arrest due to his selfless commitment.

At the end of 1908 Levizki was appointed head of the first Central Rescue Station in Makiyivka , founded in 1907 by Iossif Iossifowitsch Fedorowitsch , according to his own wishes by the Council of Mining Industry Representatives of Southern Russia . He was fully dedicated to rescue operations, focusing on preventing gas explosions and dust explosions in mines. In order to use the foreign experience, he visited Austria-Hungary , Germany , Belgium , England and France . He expanded the Central Rescue Station and organized training courses throughout the Donbass. In 1911 he developed the Makejewka breathing apparatus , which used liquid oxygen . Following a critical article by Levizki in an English magazine, the German company Dräger changed the design of its breathing apparatus. On the basis of the 1914–1915 results of an investigation of the explosiveness of mine gas and coal dust led by Levizki and Nikolai Nikolajewitsch Tschernitsyn since 1910 , 24 coal seams were recognized as endangered.

Levizki founded central rescue stations and groups of rescue stations in Donbass, Kryvbas , Kiseler coal basin ( Kiselbass ) and in Anzero-Sudschensk in Kuzbass . He turned the Makiyivka Central Rescue Station into a research laboratory for all issues relating to occupational safety in mines, including a meteorological station, a gas analysis laboratory and a seismological station with Chernitsyn's participation. Again and again he personally participated in rescue operations in mining accidents , for example in March 1912 in the disaster in the Italyanka mine in Makiivka . In 1916 Levitsky left the ambulance service for reasons of age. In 1919, Boleslaw Friedrichowitsch Grindler became head of the Makijiwka Central Rescue Station .

After the October Revolution , Levitsky worked in management of the coal industry in Kharkov . From 1927 he worked in the security office of the Donugl coal trust . In 1931 he became scientific director of the Stalino Coal Research Institute. He received the honorary title of full member of the institute for his many years of successful scientific work .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f MiningWiki - свободная шахтёрская энциклопедия: Левицкий Дмитрий Гаврилович (accessed October 11, 2019).
  2. ↑ ЛЕГЕНДЫ И МИФЫ НАШЕГО ГОРОДКА. О засыпанной церкви и мертвых шахтерах (accessed October 11, 2019).
  3. ↑ История ВГСЧ - Предпосылки к созданию горноспасательной службы (accessed October 11, 2019).
  4. ↑ MiningWiki - свободная шахтёрская энциклопедия: Взрыв на шахте «Итальянка» 1 марта 1912 года (accessed October 11, 2019).
personal data
SURNAME Levizki, Dmitri Gavrilowitsch
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Левицкий, Дмитрий Гаврилович (Russian)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Russian mining engineer
DATE OF BIRTH 1873
PLACE OF BIRTH Odessa
DATE OF DEATH November 23, 1935
Place of death Stalino