Three-rail tracks in Norway
Three- rail tracks were built in Norway , where railroad lines with different gauges met. The associated stations are called lane-changing stations . There are often track systems with several rails, but these are usually only short pieces of track. Today there is only one such station in Norway, Grovane north of Kristiansand , where the Setesdalsbanen museum narrow -gauge railway with a gauge of 1067 mm ( Cape gauge ) meets the standard-gauge Oslo – Stavanger ( Sørlandsbanen ) line.
For details on multi-rail tracks, see the relevant section:
Three-rail tracks through re-gauging measures
There used to be a large number of such lane changing stations in Norway. The reason was that the state railway network consisted of narrow-gauge (1,067 mm) and standard-gauge (1435 mm) lines from the beginning of 1861. In 1900 the state railway had roughly the same number of kilometers in narrow and standard gauge. In 1904 work began on converting the narrow-gauge railways into standard-gauge railways. These modifications lasted until 1949, when Vestfoldbanen was the last line to be converted to standard gauge. Some narrow-gauge railways were not rebuilt, but discontinued and dismantled.
Since the conversion to standard gauge took time, during which the routes continued to be served, this was done in sections. Several lane changing stations were required for the individual sections during the renovation. Rørosbanen , Norway's first main line , was the first line to be converted from the original narrow gauge to standard gauge on the entire Hamar - Trondheim line . The following table shows how the location and number of lane changing stations have shifted further and further along the route over the years:
| Period | Lane changing station | Cause of change |
|---|---|---|
| 1880-1881 | Hamar | standard gauge Hedmarksbanen was opened on October 11, 1880 between Eidsvoll and Hamar |
| 1881-1910 | Hamar, Trondheim | normalspurige Meråkerbanen was born on October 17, 1881 between Trondheim and Storlien opened |
| 1910-1917 | Hamar, Trondheim, Elverum | standard gauge Solørbanen was opened between Flisa and Elverum on December 4, 1910 |
| 1917-1919 | Hamar, Trondheim, Elverum, Rena | A three-rail track was put into operation between Elverum and Rena on November 16, 1917 |
| 1919-1921 | Hamar, Trondheim, Elverum, Rena, Støren | between Trondheim and Støren a three-rail track was put into operation from September 3, 1919 and between Hamar and Elverum from November 29, 1919 |
| 1921-1931 | Hamar, Elverum, Rena, Støren | standard gauge expansion between Trondheim and Støren |
| 1931-1941 | Koppang , Støren | Standard gauge expansion between Hamar and Koppang on October 7, 1931 |
| 1941– | - | Standard gauge expansion between Koppang and Støren on August 5, 1941 |
The table shows two lines that were equipped with three-rail tracks over a longer period of time: Hamar – Rena and Trondheim – Støren. These makeshift arrangements were introduced because there were not enough standard-gauge vehicles available and freight wagons could get to the destination stations on the route section without having to reload.
For example, between 1919 and 1921 it was possible to transport freight wagons in the Oslo – Løten section on standard-gauge tracks, and narrow-gauge wagons from Trondheim could also be driven all the way over narrow-gauge tracks. Most of the three-rail sections were in operation during or immediately after one of the two world wars, as there was a shortage of new wagons at that time.
The first three- rail tracks were between Vippetangen on the Havnebanen and the industrial companies Thunes mekaniske verksted and Skabo jernbanevognfabrik in Skoyen . These were built in 1907 (Vippetangen - Vestbanestasjonen ) and 1913 (Vestbanestasjonen - Thune / Skabo) and existed until 1920.
The following table shows all three-rail sections on the main routes of the Norges Statsbaner :
| Period | Route section | Railway line |
|---|---|---|
| 1916-1921 | Borgestad - Eikonrød | Vestfoldbanen |
| 1917-1922 | Oslo V - Sandvika | Drammenbanen |
| 1917-1931 | Elverum - Rena | Rørosbanen |
| 1918-1922 | Sandvika- Asker | Drammenbanen |
| 1918-1921 | Eidanger - Skien G. | Grevskapsbane |
| 1919-1931 | Hamar - Elverum | Rørosbanen |
| 1919-1921 | Trondheim - Støren | Rørosbanen |
| 1919-1922 | Asker– Brakerøya | Gamle Drammenbanen |
| 1919-1923 | Brakerøya– Drammen | Gamle Drammenbanen |
| 1924-1941 | Eidanger– Oklungen | Vestfoldbanen |
| 1941-1944 | Flekkefjord - Sirnes | Flekkefjordbanen |
| 1943-1944 | Moi - Tronvik | Flekkefjordbanen |
literature
- Thor Bjerke, Finn Holom: Banedata 2004 . Ed .: Norsk Jernbaneklubb, Norsk Jernbaneklubb. Oslo / Hamar 2004, ISBN 82-90286-28-7 , urn : nbn: no-nb_digibok_2011040708010 .