Dual system Germany

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The Green Dot - Duales System Deutschland GmbH

logo
legal form Company with limited liability
founding September 28, 1990
Seat Cologne
management Michael Wiener (Managing Director)
Number of employees 275 (2008)
sales 561.1 million € (group sales 2016)
Branch Waste management
Website gruener-punkt.de

The Green Dot - Duales System Deutschland GmbH ( DSD ) is the operator of the most common German waste separation system .

history

The DSD emerged from Der Grüne Punkt , dual system Germany, society for waste prevention and secondary raw material production mbH, founded on September 28, 1990 . This was placed before the entry into force of the Packaging Ordinance on 12 June 1991 by a network in Germany active companies in the food and packaging industry founded. It was set up as a second disposal system in addition to the existing public waste disposal system, hence the name "Dual". It is therefore a special form of public-private partnership .

An advertising campaign was started in 1995 with the characters Hugo + Egon .

Initially conceived as a non-profit company to relieve manufacturers and distributors of fulfilling their exploitation obligations, the company was converted into a stock corporation in 1997. At the end of 2005 the AG became a GmbH again.

At the beginning of 2005, DSD was approved by the German Environmental Investment AG (DUI), a subsidiary of the American investor Kohlberg Kravis Roberts & Co. , acquired. KKR sold the company to a group of investors and management in 2010. Today DSD belongs to DSD - Duales System Holding GmbH & Co. KG, which has been led by Michael Wiener since 2015. The group of companies is held by financial investors and management.

The group of companies has been producing recycled plastic since 2010. In two plants belonging to the group, Systec Plastics, plastic waste from the yellow sack and yellow bin is recycled into regranulates and marketed to the plastics industry. DSD was awarded a German Packaging Prize in 2017 for the development of a particularly high-quality recycled plastic that is used for packaging detergents, cleaning agents and cleaning agents.

As part of a model project, a dual system for compostable sales packaging has been in operation in the city of Kassel since May 2001. The Hessian Ministry for the Environment, Rural Areas and Consumer Protection had officially identified an alternative to the nationwide DSD system for the first time in Germany. The Kassel model project was discontinued on March 31, 2010 because it was not cost-effective.

In September 2018 Remondis announced the complete takeover of DSD. On July 11, 2019, the Federal Cartel Office prohibited this purchase; The decision is not yet final.

concept

The company has been operating a nationwide approved dual system according to Section 6 (3) of the Packaging Ordinance for the collection and subsequent recycling of packaging waste since 1991 . The market share is around 40% at the beginning of 2017. The other providers are ELS European Licensing Systems GmbH , Interseroh Dienstleistungs GmbH, Landbell AG , BellandVision GmbH, Reclay VfW GmbH, ZENTEK GmbH & Co, Recycling Kontor Dual GmbH & Co. KG and Veolia Umweltservice Dual GmbH. The green dot serves as a sign of identification of the products licensed by DSD GmbH, which can be fed into the company's recycling system by consumers . Companies that want to label their products with the registered trademark "Der Grüne Punkt" have to pay license fees to DSD for this, even if they have not concluded a disposal contract with DSD.

Labeling is not a prerequisite for packaging to participate in the dual system. All lightweight packaging made of metal , plastic or composite materials that is produced by private end users can be disposed of in the yellow sack or the yellow bin. Packaging made of paper and cardboard is disposed of with the waste paper collection ; Disposable glass packaging via the waste glass collection .

However, the collection, transport and sorting of packaging waste are not carried out by DSD itself. Rather, DSD commissions other disposal companies for this task. The assignment takes place in the context of a public tender. For this purpose, the Federal Republic of Germany is divided into so-called DSD contract areas, usually analogous to the boundaries of the districts and cities, for which the interested disposal companies can submit an offer. The disposal companies are both regionally and nationally active companies (such as Remondis , Veolia , Sita Deutschland , Alba AG etc.).

How the dual system works

DSD offers a contract for the use of the Der Grüne Punkt brand as well as a contract for the participation of sales packaging in the dual system, which customers can conclude independently of one another.

The Duales System Deutschland GmbH organizes the disposal or recycling of the sales packaging involved . These packaging materials are legally classified as "waste for recycling" after use. The DSD is financed through the participation and brand usage fees, which are calculated on the basis of the packaging material and weight. The “waste for disposal” is what is colloquially called garbage , for which the municipality is responsible and whose disposal is financed by the fees from the municipal waste statutes.

DSD GmbH leaves the operational business of collection and sorting to its disposal partners, which are usually private and municipal waste disposal companies. The disposal contracts are awarded as part of a tender .

Today, DSD essentially takes care of the marketing of the sorted recyclable materials itself. The German Society for Circulation Economy and Raw Materials mbH (DKR), which was founded in the 1990s by DSD and the plastics industry to recycle plastic packaging, has now been incorporated into the DSD.

For recycling, the legislature has set quotas for the individual materials, which must be met as a minimum. As the competent supervisory authorities, the environmental ministries of the federal states or their representatives monitor these quotas. The performance balance is the so-called volume flow record , in which the DSD documents its collection and recycling services. The background is that the recyclable materials collected should not simply be dumped or incinerated as before the introduction of the packaging ordinance.

Soon after the system was introduced, its inefficiency was criticized on the one hand, and the fact that some collections end up in waste incineration plants , landfills or abroad on the other . In the first few years after the founding of DSD GmbH, the recycling capacities for plastics in Germany were not yet sufficient. Therefore, some of the recyclables were recycled abroad. However, the local capacities were continuously expanded until in 2000 93 percent of the plastics collected in Germany were also recycled in Germany, the rest in neighboring European countries. With the other materials such as glass, waste paper, composites, such as B. beverage cartons or metals (aluminum, tinplate), there were no bottlenecks.

Duales System Deutschland GmbH has been meeting the legal requirements for years. In addition, a voluntary environmental performance record has been published since 2000, which expresses the actual savings in primary energy and CO 2 emissions in concrete figures. In addition to the legally prescribed quantity flow verification, the Dual System Germany creates public transparency about how the contribution to securing resources looks like. On behalf of the DSD, the Öko-Institut examined the ecological effects and potential of the dual system. The system is already making a significant contribution to protecting the climate and resources, but this could still be expanded significantly.

Many other countries have followed the example of Germany in which dual systems were established. In 1995 an EU directive came into force with the main objective of avoiding and reducing the environmental impact of packaging and packaging waste. Collection systems with the brand Der Grüne Punkt are now in 26 European countries, even if some of these are only in the development phase.

criticism

Yellow bags before collection
The following section is not adequately provided with supporting documents ( e.g. individual evidence ). Information without sufficient evidence could be removed soon. Please help Wikipedia by researching the information and including good evidence.

Due to the dominant market position of DSD GmbH, caused by its former monopoly position, the EU Competition Commission decided in 2001 that the fee regulation practiced by DSD in the context of the provision of its waste disposal service with its customers for the use of the Green Dot symbol is theirs in certain cases Unreasonably disadvantaged customers and hindered market entry for competitors. According to the Commission, DSD has abused its dominant position by demanding full payment for the use of the mark even if it does not provide a disposal service for sales packaging and it can be shown to have been provided by a competitor. In its assessment, the Commission is guided by the principle that no remuneration can be charged for a service not provided. Due to the decision of the EU Commission, the green dot mark is also included on sales packaging from other dual systems and from self-disposal. It is therefore no longer possible to tell whether a package was actually paid for in a yellow sack or a yellow bin. Experts estimate that around 20-25% of packaging can be assigned to free riders.

Several amendments to the Packaging Ordinance therefore aimed, among other things, at increasing the proportion of sales packaging involved in the dual system. The Packaging Act was promulgated in July 2017. On the one hand, this provides for significantly higher recycling rates for the individual packaging materials. On the other hand, it contains regulations for the introduction of a central office that is supposed to regulate the competition of the dual systems and control the extent to which the obliged distributors have included their sales packaging in the dual system.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ gruener-punkt.de
  2. ^ Arno Gahrmann: Public Private Partnership. Organizational variants for sustainable disposal . tape 1 : Evaluation of case studies for practice . LIT, Münster 2012, ISBN 978-3-643-11441-9 , 2.3.1 Domestic waste disposal section, p. 30th ff . ( books.google.de ).
  3. ↑ gruener-punkt.de (PDF - Sustainability Report 2015/2016 of the Green Dot, p. 8).
  4. ↑ Verpackungspreis.de
  5. ↑ Kassel model project ( Memento of the original from July 20, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.modellprojekt-kassel.de
  6. ↑ Remondis buys the Green Dot Group. In: Spiegel Online . September 27, 2018, accessed October 7, 2018 .
  7. ↑ Cartel office forbids megafusions in the garbage industry. Spiegel Online, July 11, 2019, accessed on the same day.
  8. ↑ frankfurt-main.ihk.de - accessed on October 29, 2015.
  9. ↑ Separation aid of the dual system Germany.
  10. ↑ gruener-punkt.de - there also a link to the long version.
  11. ↑ FAQ - Der Grüne Punkt GmbH

Web links