Działoszyce
| Działoszyce | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Holy Cross | ||
| Powiat : | Pińczów | ||
| Area : | 1.92 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 22 ' N , 20 ° 21' E | ||
| Height : | 210 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 926 (Dec. 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 28-440 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 41 | ||
| License plate : | TPI | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Ext. 768: Jędrzejów - Skalbmierz | ||
| Next international airport : | Krakow-Balice | ||
Działoszyce is a city in Poland in the Świętokrzyskie Voivodeship .
geography
The city is located on the Nidzica about 45 kilometers northeast of Krakow and 60 kilometers south of Kielce . The Lesser Poland Voivodeship borders the municipality in the south .
history
The place Działoszyce arose on a trade route from Silesia via Krakow to Lemberg . In 1220 a stone church was built here. The Kraków bishop Iwo Odrowąż consecrated it to St. Florian . On August 23, 1409, the Polish King Władysław II Jagiełło gave the place city rights under Magdeburg law . This right was confirmed several times in the following centuries. During the third partition of Poland in 1795, Działoszyce became part of Austria. With the formation of the Duchy of Warsaw , the city became part of the same in 1807 and part of Congress Poland in 1815 . Fires raged in the city in 1668, 1732 and 1846. In 1902 a fire destroyed about two thirds of Działoszyce. During the First World War, the city was occupied by various warring factions. The Austrians connected the city to the rail network to Miechów for their military transports . After the World War, the city became part of the re-established Poland. At the beginning of the Second World War, on the third day of the attack on Poland , the city was attacked by the Wehrmacht and occupied on September 7, 1939. Until 1945 Działoszyce subordinate to the General Government in the Krakow district , Kreishauptmannschaft Miechów . On September 2, 1942, the Gestapo forced all Jews in and around the city to gather in the market square. From there the approximately 10,000 Jews were deported to Miechów and from there to concentration camps. In July 1944 fighting broke out in the area of Działoszyce between the German occupiers and the peasant battalions ( Bataliony Chłopskie ) and the Polish Home Army ( Armia Krajowa ). By the end of the following month, the Germans had regained control of the area. On January 18, 1945, the Red Army marched into the city. One day later the city was bombed one last time.
Population development
In 1703 Działoszyce had 810 residents who lived in 102 houses. In 1820 the population had grown to 1,692, of which 436 were Christians and 1,256 were Jews. The number rose continuously in the period that followed. There were 3,000 inhabitants in 1857, 5,170 in 1879 and 5,740 in 1899. The proportion of Jews in the city was always very high and in 1899 was 4,673. In 1921, in the interwar period , the population was 6,765, of which 1,127 were Christians. There were 494 residential buildings in the city that year. In 1942, after the city's Jews were deported to concentration camps, the population of Działoszyce was barely 2,000. A year after the end of the Second World War, 2,506 people lived in the city. This number decreased to 1,750 by 1958 and in 1961 1,836 people lived in Działoszyce.
Culture and sights
- The Holy Trinity Church dates from the 15th century.
- The synagogue was built in 1852.
local community
The urban-and-rural community Działoszyce has an area of 105.48 km², on which about 5,600 people live.
Economy and Infrastructure
- traffic
Droga wojewódzka 768 runs through Działoszyce , which flows southeast in Skalbmierz and north in Jędrzejów . The nearest international airport is John Paul II Airport in Kraków-Balice, about 50 kilometers southwest of Działoszyce.
personality
- Aba Lewit (* 1923), Holocaust survivor and contemporary witness
Web links
- City website (Polish)
- Website about the city (Polish)