Dzietrzychów
| Dzietrzychów | |||
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| District of: | Wałbrzych | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 45 ' N , 16 ° 18' E | ||
| Height : | 480 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 14,000 (1945) | ||
Dzietrzychów (German: Dittersbach ) is a district of the city of Wałbrzych ( Waldenburg ) in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship in Poland. Today it is generally combined with the neighboring Podgórze (German Oberwaldenburg ) and led under the name Podgórze II.
location
Dzietrzychów is located in the Waldenburger Bergland about two and a half kilometers southeast of the city center of Wałbrzych in a valley widening of the Wylotowa brook, which runs underground in the village. The town center has an altitude of 480 m. The highest peaks in the vicinity are in the southwest of the Hainberg ( Barbarka , 635 m) with the former Kolbe-Baude (burned down in 1945) and in the southeast of the Ochsenkopf ( Góra Wołowiec , 776 m). For details see also: Topographic map of Burg Neuhaus .
Neighboring towns to Dzietrzychów are Podgórze ( Ober-Waldenburg ), Rusinowa ( Reussendorf ), Kamieńsk ( Steingrund ), Jedlina-Zdrój ( Bad Charlottenbrunn with clay water ), Glinik Stary ( Althain ), Glinik Nowy ( Neuhain ), Kunickieice ( Fellhammer ) and Sobięcin ( Hermsdorf ).
In Dzietrzychów meets the provincial road 379, of Świdnica ( Schweidnitz Coming) to the national road 35 after Golińsk ( Göhlenau runs) on the Czech border.
The place is an important railway junction. The railway lines Zgorzelec – Wałbrzych , Wałbrzych – Kłodzko (both lines formed the Silesian Mountain Railway ), Wrocław – Wałbrzych and Wałbrzych Szczawienko – Meziměstí converge, which is why the main train station of Waldenburg was built in Dittersbach. The main train station ( Wałbrzych Główny ), located at over 500 m above sea level, was called Waldenburg-Dittersbach until the end of the Second World War. At that time the station in Dittersbach was the second largest freight station in Germany. The Waldenburger Kreisbahn was used for local transport until the 1960s .
history
The place was first mentioned in 1305 as "Dittrichsbach". It belonged to the castle district of Neuhaus Castle in the Duchy of Schweidnitz-Jauer . After the death of Duke Bolko II. In 1364, Dittersdorf and the duchy came under inheritance law to the underage Bohemian King Wenceslaus , who was a son of Bolkos II's deceased niece Anna von Schweidnitz . However, Bolko's widow Agnes von Habsburg was entitled to usufruct over the duchy until her death in 1392 .
After the First Silesian War in 1742, Dittersbach came with most of Silesia to Prussia . For the year 1785 the following is documented for Dittersbach: “1 farm, 1 school, 9 farmers, 28 gardeners , 75 housekeepers , 2 water mills, 758 residents, including 60 weavers”. In 1816 Dittersbach was incorporated into the Waldenburg district, with which it remained connected until 1945. In 1874 the district of Dittersbach was formed from the rural communities of Dittersbach and Bärengrund , which was dissolved in 1934.
In addition to weaving, hard coal mining was of economic importance in the 19th century . As a result, the population increased considerably, which in part led to an urban character. In Dittersbach, the largest colliery was the "Melchior mine" operated from 1908 to 1994. The "Schacht Eugen" was located near the Dittersbach train station. (see: Waldenburg coal mine ). The mining under the place caused mountain damage. In the area of Dittersbach there was average subsidence of 2.5 to 3.5 meters (maximum 8 meters) and thus considerable damage to buildings and industrial plants.
In 1869, Oskar Gadamer , the grandfather of the philosopher Hans-Georg Gadamer , founded the company Gadamer & Jäger , an important manufacturer of matches , together with Carl Jäger .
The “Dittersbacher Zeitung” (national family paper for Dittersbach and the surrounding area) was published in the Dittersbacher publishing house “Wenzel Grüßner Erben”, founded in 1905, until the end of the Second World War .
Around 1900 Dittersbach had 9374 inhabitants, in 1937 there were already 14,627 inhabitants.
In 1934, Dittersbach was incorporated into the municipality and thus into the urban district of Waldenburg, together with the neighboring rural community of Bärengrund and the area of Heinrichsgrund .
As a result of the Second World War, Dittersbach fell to Poland in 1945, like almost all of Silesia. The German population was as far as they had not fled already, for the most part sold . The newly settled residents were partly displaced from eastern Poland , which had fallen to the Soviet Union.
The 2007 feature film Little Tricks by Polish director Andrzej Jakimowski is set in Dittersbach.
Personalities
- Kurt Deglerk , (* 1879 in Dittersbach; † unknown), DNVP politician
- Hermann Stehr (1864–1940) worked as a teacher in Dittersbach for ten years
- Richard Lange (politician, 1881) and businessman, worked in Dittersbach
- Karl Becker (politician, 1896) and trade unionist, worked in Dittersbach
Attractions
- The railway viaduct of the Wałbrzych – Kłodzko railway line, near which Poland's longest railway tunnel, the Ochsenkopf tunnel (1601 m), begins and ends in Steingrund. This tunnel was also of importance in connection with the Riese project .
- The ruins of Neuhaus Castle about 1.3 km south of the town center on a wooded knoll, the Castle Hill (Zamkowa Góra).
literature
- Heinrich Bartsch: Unforgettable Waldenburg homeland. Verlag H. Schal, Norden (East Friesland) 1969.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ^ GenWiki
- ↑ Timetable 1944
- ↑ www.waldenburg.pl
- ^ Dittersbach district
- ^ Karl Heinrich Kaufhold, Wilfried Reininghaus (Ed.): Stadt und Bergbau (urban research) , Böhlau Cologne 2004, ISBN 978-3412122041 , p. 287 (digitized version)
- ↑ Waldenburg district
- ↑ Complex "Riese" with its extensive, spatially separated different tunnel systems. In: team-bunkersachsen.de. Retrieved April 17, 2016 .
- ^ Image of the ruins of Burg Neuhaus
