Ełk (river)

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Ełk
Łek, leak, elk
The Ełk near the village of Miluki

The Ełk near the village of Miluki

Data
location Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship , Podlaskie Voivodeship in Poland
River system Vistula
Drain over Biebrza  → Narew  → Vistula  → Baltic Sea
source on the Góra Szeska
54 ° 11 ′ 0 ″  N , 22 ° 19 ′ 55 ″  E
muzzle Biebrza coordinates: 53 ° 30 '18 "  N , 22 ° 39' 1"  E 53 ° 30 '18 "  N , 22 ° 39' 1"  E

length 113.6 km
Catchment area 1,524.5 km²
Flowing lakes Łaźno , Łaśmiady , Jezioro Straduńskie , Jezioro Ełckie
Medium-sized cities Ełk , Straduny , Nowa Wieś Ełcka , Prostki , Grajewo
Navigable partially

The Ełk (formerly Łek , German  Leck or Lyck ) is a 114 km long right tributary of the Biebrza in northeastern Poland . It flows through the Masurian Lake District and is the fourth largest tributary of the Biebrza.

geography

With its catchment area of ​​1,524.5 km² over a length of exactly 113.6 km, it stretches with exactly 86.0 km through Warmia and Mazury .

Its catchment area stretches from the Seesker Heights ( Polish: Wzgórza Szeskie ) through the Lycker Lake District ( Polish: Pojezierze Ełckie ) in the Masurian Lake District to the Biebrza Basin ( Polish: Kotlina Biebrzańska ) in the North Podlachian Plain ( Polish: Nizina Północnopnopodlaska ).

The upper reaches of the leak on a map.

The source of the Ełk rises on the third highest elevation in northern Poland, the Seesker Berg ( Góra Szeska in Polish ), near the town of Goldap ( Gołdap in Polish ). Meridional it flows through the Haschner Lake ( Polish Łaźno ), the Laschmiedensee ( Polish Łaśmiady ), the Jezioro Straduńskie and the Ełk region Lake ( Polish Jezioro Ełckie ) to the east of the Warmia and Mazury the gołdap county and the Powiat Olecki with the municipalities Gołdap , Kowale Oleckie , Świętajno , Powiat Ełcki with Stare Juchy , Ełk and Prostki ; as well as in the Lyck Lake District in Powiat Grajewski and Powiat Moniecki in the Podlaskie Voivodeship .

Larger, partly former German cities along the course of the river to be mentioned are for example: Lyck ( Polish Ełk ), Stradaunen ( Polish Straduny ), Neuendorf ( Polish Nowa Wieś Ełcka ), Prostken ( Polish Prostki ) and Grajewo ( Polish Grajewo ).

Its course to the confluence with the Laschmiedensee is called Czarna Struga ( German  Black Struga ) and Łaźna Struga. Then it flows to the Lycker See in a southerly direction. Near the village of Osowiec , which belongs to the municipality of Goniądz , from where it has been fed into the so-called Kanał Rudzki der Biebrza since the 19th century by bypassing its natural river bed of the Biebrza marshes in an artificial river bed . The mouth of the natural Ełk river bed is used today by the Lega , a 157 km long river from the northern Black Lake ( Jezioro Czarne in Polish ) near Szarejki .

Left tributaries

The rivers Mazurka , Połomska Młynówka , Karmelówka , Lega and the Kanał Kuwasy flow into the Ełk on the left bank .

Right tributaries

The rivers Gawlik , Różanica and Binduga flow into the Ełk on the right bank .

landscape

The catchment area of ​​the Ełk captivates with a remarkable landscape structure , characterized by till deposits from the Baltic Ice Age . In a drawing of numerous forest and farmland covered reliefs of a very varied hill country with many depressions without drainage as well as fragments of sand and gravel .

literature

  • Różański S, Wojewódzki Inspectorate Ochrony Środowiska w Olsztynie, Raport o stanie Środowiska na obszarze Województwa Warmińsko-Mazurskiego , Olsztyn 2000, ISBN 83-7217-093-2 . (Polish)
  • Wojewódzki Inspectorate Ochrony Środowiska w Olsztynie, "Report o stanie środowiska województwa warmińsko-mazurskiego w 2006roku", praca zbiorowa pod kier. Danuty Budzyńskiej, Biblioteka Monitoringu Środowiska, Olsztyn 2007. (Polish)
  • Marek Kuczyński, "OCENA CZYSTOŚCI WÓD POJEZIERZA EŁCKIEGO" Praca licencjacka 2007 r. (Polish)
  • J. Kondracki Geografia regionalna Polski Wyd. Naukowe PWN Warszawa 1998 r. (Polish)