Eckardts

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Eckardts
Community Schwallungen
Coordinates: 50 ° 41 ′ 32 ″  N , 10 ° 15 ′ 16 ″  E
Height : 388 m
Area : 5.67 km²
Residents : 348  (Jan 10, 2015)
Population density : 61 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : February 25, 1994
Postal code : 98590
Area code : 036968
map
Location of Eckardts in Schwallungen
View of the place
View of the place

Eckardts is a village and part of the municipality Schwallungen in the district of Schmalkalden-Meiningen ( Thuringia ).

geography

Geographical location

The place is in the Vorderrhön , on the border with the Thuringian Forest . The highest elevation in the town hall is the 452 m high Röhrberg . The name Rührberg, which can sometimes be found on (older) maps , with -ü- instead of -ö-, is a mistake in the Prussian measurement table record from the 19th century.

Neighboring communities

Neighboring towns are Roßdorf , Rosa , Hümpfershausen , Schwarzbach and Zillbach .

history

It was first mentioned in a document around 1145. Bishop Embricho von Würzburg confirmed that the Zella Ecgihartes monastery was one of his estates. In 1183 Eckardts is mentioned in a document as villa Eckeriches . Around 1250 parts of Eckardts belonged to the Lords of Frankenstein . The Eckardtser Flur crossed the border of their wilderness. Other parts of Eckardts belonged to the Lords of Frankenberg zu Helmers . In 1317 the Frankenstein rule collapsed in this area. The formerly associated shares in Eckardts came to Henneberg . In 1360 the Frankenberg shares came from Eckardts to the county of Henneberg . The Hennebergers maintained a labor yard in Eckardts , the so-called construction yard, which the villages of Eckardts, Hümpfershausen , Schwarzbach and Friedelshausen have to peep over. According to legend, a Count Eckhard lived in the building yard . The place should get its name from this.

In 1481 the Glaser zu Eckerich levied 1  florin tax. The glassworks stood on the mangle ( Anger ). In 1524 Count Wilhelm IV. Von Henneberg sold the building yard to G. Cyrus. In 1555 the place had 30 houses. A church was built in the village around 1600.

A quadruplet birth of Anna Dorothea Rether is documented from the year 1693. In 1726 the main room of the church was added. In 1799 a school was built in the village. Around 1800 Eckardts had three public buildings, 55 residential and three work houses, 349 residents in 77 families and 881 head of cattle (including 422 sheep and 237 cattle). Around 1855 Brückner mentioned an ancient linden tree on the mangle . In 1866, during the German War , Eckardts was the deployment area of ​​the Bavarian and Prussian troops in the run-up to the Battle of the Nebel (near Roßdorf ). Around 1870, the agricultural area was redistributed among the landowning farmers as part of the so-called separation . Long-standing disagreements about the borderline to the neighboring corridors were clarified: The part of the Geiersgraben that had previously belonged to the Eckardtser Corridor came to the neighboring Corridor Rosas, the part of the Tiefen Furchen previously belonging to the Eckardtser Corridor came to the neighboring Hümpfershausen Corridor . The meadow grounds in the Winde and Rödelbach , which had previously belonged to Eckardts , went to the Zillbach corridor and thus to Sachsen-Weimar .

In 1885 a new school was built. A new village linden tree , the so-called Kaiser-Wilhelm-Linde (dedicated to Kaiser Wilhelm II ), was planted on the mangle in 1897 . In 1912, Eckardts began building the aqueduct. In 1921 the place was connected to the electrical power grid. In 1934 the new school was expanded. In 1957 the local road was completely renovated and expanded for the first time. In 1958 a kindergarten was established. In 1965 the school education in the village ended, the school children attended the new school in Roßdorf from now on. 1960 was the forced collectivization and establishment of the LPG "Goldene Ähre". In 1968 a 200 milk cattle facility was built in the village. The building still dominates the entrance to the town from the direction of Hümpfershausen. In 1970 the construction of the reservoir began above the Schildbachsmühle (official name: Speicher Eckardts, colloquially known as Großer Teich ). From 1982 to 1983 the remote antenna system was built on the Röhrberg and all households were connected to the community reception. Due to the geographical location and the radio system operated by the Soviet troops on the nearby Pless , the reception of GDR television was previously disturbed in Eckardts . In 1994 Eckardts was incorporated after Schwallungen .

Culture and sights

Buildings

church

Evangelical Laurentius Church

The Protestant Laurentius Church has a massive tower and narrow, pointed-arched windows on the ground floor, as well as remains of late Gothic wall paintings in the choir. The church has already been restored several times, for example in 1991/1992 outside. The font probably dates from 1575, the bell from 1477.

Schildbach's mill

To the south of the village in Schildbachsgrund are the ruins of the Schildbachsmühle and the associated Schildbachsteich. After the former owners of the mill moved to what was then West Germany in the 1950s, it stood empty for a long time and increasingly fell into disrepair. It later served as a training area for the so-called combat groups , which finally blew up the mill building in the early 1980s. The remaining outbuildings were still used sporadically by the LPG and finally also fell into complete disrepair.

Natural monuments

The hollow oak
  • A special natural monument is the "Hollow Oak", through whose trunk you can walk. It is located on the outskirts in the direction of Schwarzbach. The chest height is 6.26 m (2014).
  • The remains of a land defense system stretch along the tree line to the Zillbach Forest, starting at the winch (above the sports field) to the Rödelbachsgrund. In Henneberg, such border installations were referred to as Hähl, Höhl or Hohl .
  • Following the same line are boundary stones that are labeled SM (= Sachsen-Meiningen) on one side and SWE (= Sachsen Weimar Eisenach) on the other.
  • A second land defense system also moved from the winch in a westerly direction, north of the village to the Steinfirst (now known as Steinforst ) over the Gotteskopf in the direction of Kaltenlengsfeld . No remains of it have survived in the open corridor, but it can still be proven by means of field names. In the Stone Forest then remains preserved employ. This Landwehr installation essentially follows the course of the old Frankenstein wildbann border and once represented the northern border of the medieval Amt Sand .
  • A small reservoir is located in the Wiesengrund south of the village. It was built in 1970 on a piece of land called Wildsee and is used for fish farming.

Field names

Under the title Die Mikrotoponyms der Gemarkung Eckardts (Landkreis Schmalkalden-Meiningen), taking into account the names of the farms and the place names , a scientific state examination was created in 2005, which deals with the collection and interpretation of the field and farm names of the Eckardts district and their linguistic explanation (including of the place name).

Dialect / dialect

Henneberg dialect is spoken in Eckardts . A special feature of the Eckardt dialect within Henneberg is the so-called l- vocalization , in which the internal and final l is vocalized to u , as in Milch → Miuich or Ball → Bau .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ "Facts and Figures" on the Schwallungen community website. Retrieved April 17, 2016.
  2. ↑ cf. Johannes Mötsch: Fulda convents in Thuringia. 1999, p. 330.
  3. ^ Entry in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 10, 2017
  4. ↑ Tobias Lochner: The microtoponyms of the Eckardts district (Schmalkalden-Meiningen district), taking into account the farm names and the place names. Jena 2005. ( online )
  5. ↑ Tobias Lochner: The microtoponyms of the Eckardts district (Schmalkalden-Meiningen district), taking into account the farm names and the place names. Map book Jena 2005. ( online )

literature

  • Ingo Freiherr von Berchem: Landwehr in and around the former Henneberg area. In: Yearbook of the Hennebergisch-Franconian History Association. Vol. 14, 1999, ISSN  0940-8940 , pp. 101-138.
  • Georg Brückner : Regional studies of the Duchy of Meiningen. Part 2: The topography of the country. Brückner & Renner, Meiningen 1853, p. 91 .
  • Georg Brückner (Ed.): Hennebergisches Urkundenbuch. Volume 7: (1433-1452). Brückner & Renner, Meiningen 1877, ( digitized ).
  • Henneberg Chronica. 3 parts. Meiningen 1755–1776;
  • Walter Höhn: Thuringian Rhön. Cities, villages and landscapes between Werra and Ellenbogen. Michael Imhof, Petersberg 2005, ISBN 3-86568-060-7 , p. 22.
  • Gottlieb Jacob: The place names of the Duchy of Meiningen. Kesselring, Hildburghausen 1894, p. 37.
  • Paul Lehfeldt , Georg Voss: architectural and art monuments of Thuringia. Duchy of Saxony-Meiningen. Volume 1, section 2 (= booklet 35/36: Georg Voss: Meiningen district. District court districts Salzungen and Wasungen. ). Fischer, Jena 1910, ( digitized version ).
  • Tobias Lochner: The microtoponyms of the Eckardts district (Schmalkalden-Meiningen district) taking into account the farm names and the place names. Jena 2005, (Jena, Friedrich Schiller University, state examination thesis , 2005; text volume online (PDF; 4.7 MB) ; map volume online (PDF, 19.3 MB) ).
  • Johannes Mötsch : Fulda convents in Thuringia. Regesta on the history of the monasteries Allendorf, Kapellendorf and Zella / Rhön (= publications of the Historical Commission for Thuringia. Large series. 5). Urban & Fischer, Munich et al. 1999, ISBN 3-437-31126-3 , p. 330.
  • Eilhard Zickgraf: The princely county of Henneberg-Schleusingen. History of the territory and its organization (= publications of the Institute for Historical Regional Studies of Hesse and Nassau. 22, ZDB -ID 506862-9 ). Elwert, Marburg 1944.

Web links

Commons : Eckardts  - collection of images, videos and audio files