Organization for economic cooperation
| Organization for economic cooperation ECO |
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|---|---|
 logo |
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 Map of the Member States |
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| English name | Economic Cooperation Organization |
| Organization type | Regional economic cooperation |
| Seat of the organs | Tehran ( Iran ) |
| Secretary General | Hadi Soleimanpour |
| Member States | 10 : |
| surface | 8,054,875 km² |
| population | 433,174,000 (2011) |
| Population density | 53.8 (2011) inhabitants per km² |
| gross domestic product | US $ 1,032 billion (2013 estimate) |
| Gross domestic product per inhabitant | 3,000 US $ (2013 estimate) |
| founding |
1985 |
| Currencies |
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| Time zone | UTC + 2 to UTC + 6 |
| www.eco.int | |
The Organization for Economic Cooperation ( English Economic Cooperation Organization , ECO ) was in 1985 by Iran , Pakistan and Turkey founded with the basic idea, a kind of free trade zone to create.
The ECO is based in Tehran ( Iran ). Its current Secretary General has been Hadi Soleimanpour from Iran since August 2018 . It is the successor to the Organization Regional Cooperation for Development (RCD of Regional Cooperation for Development ), which was from 1964 to 1979 and under its seven new members has included:
- Afghanistan , Azerbaijan , Kazakhstan , Kyrgyzstan , Tajikistan , Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan .
The geographical location of the region covered by the ECO is between a number of politically and economically powerful blocks:
- South: Arab League / Gulf Cooperation Council
- Western: European Union
- North: Eurasian Economic Union (with overlaps)
- East: China / India , ASEAN , SAARC (with overlaps)
Organization / organs
Like other supranational organizations, the ECO works with a wide range of bodies:
- The at least two-year summit of heads of government (13 times between 1992 and 2017).
- The Council of Foreign Ministers, the main operational decision-making body, which meets regularly and extraordinarily.
- The Council of Permanent Representatives, which is engaged in the implementation of the decisions.
- The Regional Planning Council meets as a technical planning body to develop new programs and prepare the Council of Foreign Ministers
- Further ministerial meetings for various departments and other meetings as required
- office
The main subject areas include
- trade
- Transport and Networks
- energy
- tourism
- Economic growth and productivity
- Welfare and the environment
- Partnerships
- Initial and continuing education
history
A joint postal organization was established in 1988 (the South and West Asia Postal Union), followed by a joint chamber of commerce and industry in 1990 . In 1991 the members of the ECO signed a protocol on preferential tariffs . In 1992 an ECO investment bank and a cultural organization were also founded. In addition, the ECO is striving for a customs union .
Member States and key figures
The ECO currently has ten member states, which are listed below with some data from 2013:
| Member State |
GDP per capita (US $) |
Government debt ratio | Corruption index |
CO₂ emissions per capita (in t) |
Human Development Index |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 Afghanistan
|
679 | - | 8th | 0.26 | 0.468 |
 Azerbaijan
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7,900 | 14th | 28 | 4.98 | 0.747 |
 Iran
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4,751 | 11 | 25th | 8.13 | 0.749 |
 Kazakhstan
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12,843 | 14th | 26th | 17.36 | 0.757 |
 Kyrgyzstan
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1,280 | 48 | 24 | 1.2 | 0.628 |
 Pakistan
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1,308 | 63 | 28 | 0.93 | 0.537 |
 Tajikistan
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1,045 | 29 | 22nd | 0.42 | 0.607 |
 Turkey
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10,815 | 36 | 50 | 4.10 | 0.759 |
 Turkmenistan
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7.112 | 21st | 17th | 8.06 | 0.698 |
 Uzbekistan
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1,868 | 9 | 17th | 3.81 | 0.661 |
| Member State | Unemployment rate | inflation rate | Road paving rate | Doctor density ( /10,000) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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Afghanistan
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35.0% | 7.4% | 29.3% | 2 |
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Azerbaijan
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6.0% | 2.4% | 50.6% | 38 |
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Iran
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16.0% | 34.7% | 80.6% | 9 |
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Kazakhstan
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5.3% | 5.8% | 89.5% | 39 |
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Kyrgyzstan
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8.6% | 6.6% | - | 23 |
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Pakistan
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6.6% | 7.3% | 72.2% | 8th |
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Tajikistan
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2.5% | 5.0% | - | 20th |
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Turkey
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9.3% | 7.5% | 91.3% | 15th |
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Turkmenistan
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60.0% | 6.8% | 81.2% | 24 |
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Uzbekistan
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4.9% | 11.2% | 87.3% | 26th |
Partnership dialogue and observer status
Other states as well as international and regional organizations can be granted partnership dialogue and observer status, provided they are relevant to the ECO and compatible with its principles. The admission is decided unanimously. As of December 2018, the following were added:
- Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (since October 2014)
- Turkish Council (since October 2014)
- Energy Charter Conference (since February 2017)
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b ECO Statistical Report 2013. (PDF) ECO Population. (No longer available online.) ECO, p. 12 , archived from the original on March 4, 2014 ; accessed on March 3, 2014 (English). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ List of countries according to gross domestic product per capita, 2013
- ↑ List of countries by national debt ratio, 2013
- ^ Transparency International - Corruption 2013
- ↑ List of countries according to CO₂ emissions, 2013
- ↑ United Nations Development Program (UNDP): Human Development Report 2015 . Ed .: German Society for the United Nations eV Berliner Wissenschafts-Verlag, Berlin ( undp.org [PDF; 9.3 MB ; accessed on November 5, 2016]). Page 250–253.
- ^ CIA World Fact Book, 2014
- ↑ World Economic Outlook Database, October 2014
- ↑ CIA World Factbook
- ↑ Country data , accessed on December 31, 2014
- ↑ Modalities of observer status , accessed on December 3, 2018
