Edmond Fitzmaurice, 1st Baron Fitzmaurice

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Edmond Fitzmaurice, 1st Baron Fitzmaurice

Edmond George Petty Petty-Fitzmaurice, 1st Baron Fitzmaurice (* 19th June 1846 in Lansdowne House , Mayfair , London ; † 21st June 1935 in Leigh House, Bradford-on-Avon , Wiltshire , England ) was a British politician of the Liberal Party and writers , who from 1868 to 1885 and from 1898 to 1906 deputy of the lower house ( House of Commons ) was. After 1906 Baron Fitzmaurice was raised, he was until his death in 1935 a member of the upper house ( House of Lords ) . He 1908-1909 Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ( Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ) .

Life

Family background, Member of the House of Commons and Undersecretary of State

Edmond George Petty Petty-Fitzmaurice was born at Lansdowne House , the London home of the Marquesses of Lansdowne .

Edmond George Petty Petty-Fitzmaurice was the younger son of the politician Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice , who was also a member of the House of Commons and later inherited the title of 4th Marquess of Lansdowne , and his second wife Emily Petty-Fitzmaurice, 8th Lady Nairne , daughter of the French diplomat Charles-Joseph de Flahaut . His older brother Henry Petty-FitzMaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne, was Governor General of Canada , Viceroy of India and Foreign Minister . His sister, Lady Emily Louisa Anne FitzMaurice, was married to Colonel Everard Charles Digby, son of Edward Digby, 9th Baron Digby . He himself attended the renowned Eton College from 1859 to 1864 and then began studying the so-called " Classical honors tripos " at Trinity College of the University of Cambridge , from which he graduated in 1868 with a Bachelor of Arts (BA).

Immediately afterwards Fitzmaurice was for the Conservative Party on 17 November 1868 for the first time deputies of the lower house ( House of Commons ) selected and represented in this until the dissolution on 24 November 1885 constituency Calne . In 1871 he was admitted to the bar ( Barrister ) at the Bar ( Inns of Court ) of Lincoln's Inn and was between 1872 and 1873 Parliamentary Private Secretary to Secretary of the Interior Henry Bruce, 1st Baron Aberdare . After the Berlin Congress (June 13 to July 13, 1878) he was the British representative in Constantinople at the commission for the reorganization of the European provinces of the Ottoman Empire between 1880 and 1881 on the basis of the Berlin Treaty signed there . In the second Cabinet Gladstone he was between January 1, 1883, and the June 9, 1885 Undersecretary of State in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Under-Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs) . As such, he was also the second negotiator of the British delegation that led to the signing of the London Treaty on Danube Shipping on March 10, 1883 .

Re-election to the House of Commons, House of Lords and Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster

"He does not under-estimate his own ability": Edmond Fitzmaurice, 1st Baron Fitzmaurice, in a cartoon by Spy in Vanity Fair magazine , June 14, 1906

After Edmond Fitzmaurice ran unsuccessfully for re-election to the House of Commons in the general election from July 4 to July 26, 1892 in the constituency of Deptford and in the general election from July 13 to August 7, 1895 in the Cricklade constituency , he was after the resignation of Alfred Hopkinson was re-elected to the House of Commons in a by-election in the Cricklade constituency on February 24, 1898 and was a member of this until January 12, 1906. He was awarded an honorary doctorate in literary studies (Doctor of Letters) from the University of Bristol . On December 18, 1905, he was again Undersecretary of State in the Campbell-Bannerman Cabinet in the State Department and held this post until December 19, 1908.

Shortly before he left the House of Commons on January 12, 1906, Edmond Fitzmaurice was raised to hereditary peer status as Baron Fitzmaurice , of Leigh, in the County of Wiltshire, by a letters patent from January 9, 1906 in the Peerage of the United Kingdom , whereby he was until his death on June 21, 1935 member of the House of Lords . Between 1907 and 1908 he was the British chief negotiator of the London Conference, which dealt with African sleeping sickness . On April 16, 1908 he was also a member of the Privy Council . As the successor of Henry Fowler, the first Viscount Wolverhampton , he was on 13 October 1908 Asquith first cabinet Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ( Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster ) and held this position until June 25, 1909 after which Herbert Samuel began his successor . In 1914 he became a member ( Fellow ) of the British Academy (FBA).

His marriage to Caroline FitzGerald, which he had entered into in London on November 23, 1889, was annulled in 1894 . Since he died on June 21, 1935 with no heirs, the title of Baron Fitzmaurice became void. After his death he was buried on June 24, 1935 in the cemetery of Bremhill Church in Bremhill .

Publications

Edmond Fitzmaurice also wrote numerous books, in particular on personalities such as William Petty, 2nd Earl of Shelburne , Granville Leveson-Gower, 2nd Earl Granville and Karl Wilhelm Ferdinand von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel , but most recently also stage works . His publications include:

  • Life of William, Earl of Shelburne, afterwards first Marquess of Lansdowne. With extracts from his papers and correspondence , 1875
  • The life of Sir William Petty, 1623-1687. One of the first Fellows of the Royal Society, sometime secretary to Henry Cromwell, maker of the 'Down Survey' of Ireland, author of Political Arithmetic etc. Chiefly derived from private documents hitherto unpublished , 1895
  • The life of Granville George Leveson Gower, second Earl Granville, KG, 1815-1891 , 1900
  • Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick. An historical study, 1735-1806 , 1901
  • Two Centuries of Irish History 1691-1870. Being a Series of Papers , co-author, 1907
  • Moonlighter. A Play in Four Acts , 1914
  • The Dandy Dolls. A Play in two Scenes , 1914
  • The country dressmaker. A play in three acts , 1914

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Cabinet Asquith I
predecessor Office successor
New title created Baron Fitzmaurice
1906-1935 		Title expired
personal data
SURNAME Fitzmaurice, Edmond, 1st Baron Fitzmaurice
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Petty-Fitzmaurice, Edmond George Petty, 1st Baron Fitzmaurice
BRIEF DESCRIPTION British politician, Member of the House of Commons and peer, writer
DATE OF BIRTH June 19, 1846
PLACE OF BIRTH Lansdowne House , Mayfair , London
DATE OF DEATH June 21, 1935
Place of death Leigh House, Bradford-on-Avon , Wiltshire , England