Former Helmstedt University Library

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Former Helmstedt University Library
Helmstedt Juleum.jpg
The Bibliotheca Julia in the lecture hall and library building of the former university

founding 1576
Duration approx. 35,000 media units
Library type Special library
place Helmstedt coordinates: 52 ° 13 ′ 45.5 ″  N , 11 ° 0 ′ 31.1 ″  EWorld icon
ISIL DE-Hel1 (Former University Library)
operator District of Helmstedt
management Wolfgang Pschichholz

The former Helmstedt University Library ( Bibliotheca Julia ) is the only institution of the University of Helmstedt , which was dissolved in 1810 , the Academia Julia Carolina zu Helmstedt in Lower Saxony . The Helmstedt district is responsible for the institution .

history

The university founded in 1576 by Duke Julius von Braunschweig-Wolfenbüttel (1528–1589) was at times the third largest university in the German-speaking area. Under the administration of the Napoleonically controlled Kingdom of Westphalia by King Jérôme Bonaparte , the Academia Julia was closed at the end of the winter semester 1809/1810.

During the reign of Duke Julius, the university library was in competition with his library in the residential city of Wolfenbüttel , which he had built from 1572 and initially also bore the name Bibliotheca Julia . The inventory of the Helmstedt library therefore initially remained small.

From 1578 onwards, the books published in Helmstedt were mostly printed in the workshop of the Lucius printer family . Jacob Lucius the Elder (around 1530–1597) was appointed as the first university printer of the Academia Julia in that year , whose office his son Jacob Lucius the Younger (around 1570–1616) continued from 1597 to 1616, followed by Jacobus Lucius III. († 1639). The last publications by this printing house are dated 1639. Lukas Weischner (1555–1609) was appointed the first privileged university bookbinder in 1576 , previously the court bookbinder of Duke Julius and librarian of the ducal library in Wolfenbüttel.

Duke Heinrich Julius (1564–1613) had the Juleum university building built from 1592 , and the library is still located on the upper floor. In 1618 Duke Friedrich Ulrich (1591–1634) made the Wolfenbüttel libraries of his father Duke Heinrich Julius and his grandfather Duke Julius available to the university. Thereby the manuscripts and prints came secularized monasteries, such as the pin Steterburg , the monastery Wöltingerode and the Cistercian abbey Amelungsborn to Helmstedt.

During the cessation of teaching in 1625/1626, due to the plague and the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War , the library, which has now become important, was relocated to the St. Blasiusstift in Braunschweig .

An extensive expansion took place in 1702, by Duke Rudolf August (1627–1704), who donated his private library Bibliotheca Rudolphea to the university. A systematic catalog was started from 1770. After the Reichsdeputationshauptschluss in 1803 and the secularization of other monasteries, the Bibliotheca Julia also received the libraries of the Helmstedt Monastery of St. Ludgeri and the Cistercian Abbey of Michaelstein .

After the university closed in 1810, large parts of the holdings were given to the Göttingen University Library and above all to the Herzog August Library in Wolfenbüttel. When the Kingdom of Westphalia was dissolved in 1813 , the university could not be reopened, but most of the university library was still in Helmstedt.

In the 19th and early 20th centuries, further holdings from the former university library were transferred to the collection of the Wolfenbüttel library. Nevertheless, some of the estate libraries of the citizens of Helmstedt were still in the library. The Second World War led to a further loss of inventory and the destruction of the catalog. A systematic and an alphabetical catalog were created again. In 1959, the former Helmstedt University Library, now under the sponsorship of the Helmstedt district, was approved by the Lower Saxony Ministry of Culture for lending to German libraries.

The library holdings

Library room on the upper floor of the Juleum

The library currently has a collection of around 35,000 titles, mostly from the years 1490–1810 and later additions from private estate libraries from the citizens of Helmstedt. The most valuable manuscripts that have remained in Helmstedt include a parchment fragment from the Sachsenspiegel from the 13th century and a gospel book from the early 14th century, both in Low German.

In Wolfenbüttel, the prints and manuscripts of the Helmstedt University Library, recorded as the so-called “Helmstedter”, still form a separate collection of around 58,000 titles.

Important university librarians at the Bibliotheca Julia

Term of office Name and dates of life comment image
1608-1622 Johann von Fuchte (1568–1622) Professor of Theology. 3by2white.svg
1640-1680 Christoph Schrader (1601–1680) Professor of Rhetoric. Christoph Schrader 01.jpg
1688-1727 Hermann von der Hardt (1660–1746) Professor of Oriental Languages. Hermann von der Hardt.jpg
around 1740 Julius Carl Schläger (1706–1786) Philologist and numismatist. 3by2white.svg
1757-1787 Franz Dominikus Häberlin (1720–1787) Professor of History. Franz Dominikus Haeberlin.jpg
1787-1814 Paul Jakob Bruns (1743-1814) Professor of Oriental Languages ​​and Literary History. Paul Jakob Bruns.jpg

See also

List of well-known personalities from the University of Helmstedt

literature

  • Sabine Ahrens: Academia Julia - The University of Helmstedt 1576-1810 . Publication of the Kreismuseen Helmstedt, Volume 4, Wolfenbüttel 2000, ISBN 3-937733-74-4
  • Paul Jakob Bruns: Contributions to the critical processing of unknown old manuscripts, prints and documents . Volume 1, Braunschweig 1802
  • Paul Jakob Bruns: Additions to the German rights of the Middle Ages from the manuscripts and old prints of the academic library in Helmstädt . Verlag C. G. Fleckeisen, Helmstedt 1799
  • Christoph Heidmann : Oratio De Bibliotheca Julia Habita 1619 . Helmstedt 1622
  • Harmen Thies : The Juleum Novum - Paul Francke . In: Contributions to the history of the district and the former University of Helmstedt , Issue 9, 1997, ISBN 3-937733-08-6
  • Zacharias Konrad von Uffenbach : Strange journeys through Lower Saxony, Holland and Engelland, first part . Frankfurt / Leipzig 1753, pp. 182-267
  • Rolf Volkmann. In: Handbook of historical book holdings in Germany , Bernhard Fabian (Ed.), Verlag Olms Neue Medien, Hildesheim 2003, ISBN 3-487-11711-8
  • Rolf Volkmann: Academia Julia - The University of Helmstedt 1576–1810 - Part: Former university library . Publication of the district lakes Helmstedt, Wolfenbüttel 2000, ISBN 3-937733-75-2
  • Rolf Volkmann: The former university library in Helmstedt and the new cataloging of the existing holdings . In: Braunschweigisches Jahrbuch , Volume 39, self-published by the Braunschweigisches Geschichtsverein, Braunschweig 1958, pp. 154 ff

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Communication from the district of Helmstedt, August 11, 2015
  2. ^ Robert Naumann (Ed.): Serapeum - Journal for Library Studies, Manuscript Studies and Older Literature , Volume 4, Verlag T. O. Weigel, Leipzig 1843, p. 85
  3. ^ Directory of the 17th century prints published in German-speaking countries
  4. ↑ a b Georg Leyh : Handbuch der Bibliothekswissenschaft , Volume 3, Part 1, Verlag O. Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden 1950, p. 609
  5. ^ The Bibliotheca Julia on the website of the Herzog August Bibliothek Wolfenbüttel, accessed on December 14, 2012
  6. ↑ Robert Naumann (Ed.): Serapeum - Journal for Library Science, Manuscript Studies and Older Literature , Volume 18. Verlag T. O. Weigel, Leipzig 1857, p. 98
  7. ^ A b Paul Raabe (Ed.): Handbook of the historical book inventory in Germany . Volume 2.2. Verlag Olms-Weidmann, Hildesheim 1998, p. 75, ISBN 3-487-09576-9