Else Pappenheim

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Else Pappenheim (born May 22, 1911 in Salzburg , Austria-Hungary  ; died January 11, 2009 in New York ) was an American neurologist , psychiatrist and psychoanalyst of Austrian origin.

Life

Else Pappenheim came from a traditional Jewish family of doctors. Her mother Edith Goldschmidt (1883-1942) - a granddaughter of the founder of the first female high school in Leipzig, Henriette Goldschmidt - the persecution of Jews could not escape and committed in 1942 together with her sister in Bonn suicide . Her father Martin Pappenheim (1881–1943) was the head of the neurological department at the Lainz Hospital , who, as an opponent of Austrofascism, emigrated to Palestine in 1934 . Her aunt was Marie (Mitzi) Pappenheim , who was one of the first women to receive her doctorate at the Medical Faculty in Vienna, as a communist under her married name Marie Frischauf, she ran sex counseling centers for the poor in Vienna together with Wilhelm Reich and also had to emigrate in 1934.

Else Pappenheim grew up in Vienna, where she attended the reform school of Eugenie Schwarzwald . Then she also studied medicine. In 1937 Pappenheim was one of the last analysts to be trained at the Psychoanalytical Institute in Vienna before the Anschluss in March 1938 . Until March 1938 Pappenheim worked as a secondary doctor for neurology and psychiatry at the University Clinic Vienna. After the Anschluss, the Psychoanalytical Institute was closed and its members were forced to flee.

Pappenheim emigrated to the USA via Palestine, where she learned about American psychoanalysis from one of the leading US psychiatrists, Adolf Meyer , at the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore , although she found its analytical level to be "primitive".

In the USA Else Pappenheim married Stephen Frishauf in 1946, who had also emigrated from Austria. The family later lived in New York, where the now Else Frishauf worked as a freelance psychoanalyst and held professorships at various universities.

In 1956 Pappenheim visited Austria for the first time since her escape. But it was not until 1987, during the symposium “Displaced Reason”, in which she took part alongside many other emigrants, that a certain rapprochement with Austria took place in the form of an exchange with young Austrian psychiatrists and psychoanalysts.

Else Pappenheim died in New York at the age of 97. She was the last surviving member of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Association from before 1938 and one of the last contemporary witnesses who could provide information about the end and re-establishment of psychoanalysis.

Fonts

  • Else Pappenheim: Contemporary witness , in: Friedrich Stadler [Hrsg.]: International Symposium, October 19 to 23, 1987 in Vienna: Emigration and Exile of Austrian Science , Vienna: Youth and People, 1987 ISBN 3-224-16525-1 , p . 221–229 (autobiographical)

literature

  • Elke Mühlleitner: Pappenheim, Else. In: Brigitta Keintzel, Ilse Korotin (ed.): Scientists in and from Austria. Life - work - work. Böhlau, Vienna 2002, ISBN 3-205-99467-1 , p. 548 f.
  • Bernhard Handlbauer (Ed.): Else Pappenheim. Holderlin, Feuchtersleben, Freud. Contributions to the history of psychoanalysis, psychiatry and neurology. Nausner & Nausner, Graz / Vienna 2004.
  • Roland Kaufhold : From Vienna to New York: On the death of the psychoanalyst Else Pappenheim (May 22, 1911– January 11, 2009). In: Psychosocial . Vol. 32 (2009), H. 1, No. 115, p. 85 f. ( online ).
  • Karl Fallend: Mimi & Els. Stations of a friendship. Marie Langer - Else Pappenheim - Late Letters. Löcker, Vienna 2019, ISBN 978-3-85409-969-7 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Michaela Raggam: Jewish students at the Faculty of Medicine in Vienna. The discourse about women's studies. In: www.eforum-zeitgeschichte.at. January 2001, accessed March 5, 2018 .
  2. ^ Roland Kaufhold: From Vienna to New York: On the death of the psychoanalyst Else Pappenheim (May 22, 1911 to January 11, 2009). In: www.hagalil.com. Hagalil , January 15, 2009; accessed January 22, 2009 .
  3. ^ Chronicler of a flight: Else Pappenheim and the emigration of psychoanalysis from Europe. (pdf) (No longer available online.) In: www.nnv.at. March 2004, archived from the original on March 19, 2014 ; accessed on March 18, 2014 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.nnv.at
  4. ↑ Else Pappenheim 1911–2009 . In: APA / Redaktion (Ed.): Der Standard . January 13, 2009, p.  22 .
personal data
SURNAME Pappenheim, Else
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Frishauf, Else (married name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION American psychoanalyst
DATE OF BIRTH May 22, 1911
PLACE OF BIRTH Salzburg
DATE OF DEATH January 11, 2009
Place of death New York City