Emil Froeschels

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Emil Fröschels (born August 24, 1884 in Vienna , † January 18, 1972 in New York ) was an Austrian specialist in speech and voice medicine .

He was a laryngologist and main representative of speech therapy . In 1924 he introduced the term speech therapy into medical language. Together with Karl Cornelius Rothe , he is considered the founder of speech therapy education .

Life

Fröschels completed his Matura in 1902 at the State High School in the 6th district and then studied medicine at the University of Vienna . From 1905 to 1908 he worked at the St. Anna Children's Hospital at Vienna University and was an intern at the Institute for Chemistry. In 1907 he received his doctorate, in 1908 he began to work at the ear clinic (otological clinic) of the Vienna University under the direction of Viktor Urbantschitsch , since he had the intention to become an ear doctor. He had to drop this intention, however, because his plastic eyesight was insufficient for otoscopy . Now he turned to voice and language disorders and went to Hermann Gutzmann senior. to Berlin and after his return in 1909 opened an outpatient clinic for speech disorders at the Ear Clinic, which he headed for many years and which became internationally known for specializing in the field of speech disorders and their correction options. In 1914 he received his habilitation as lecturer in ear medicine. During the First World War he was chief physician in the headshots and speech disorders department of the Vienna Garrison Hospital.

After the war he worked at the ear clinic, now headed by Heinrich Neumann von Héthárs , until 1926 , and was also an assistant for phonetics at the Physiological Institute. In 1920, together with colleagues and teachers, he set up a language welfare office for school children in the city of Vienna. In 1921 Emil Fröschels and Karl Cornelius Rothe organized special courses on voice and speech medicine for pedagogues for the first time in Vienna and founded the speech therapy school for the training of speech therapy teachers in Austria.

In 1924 he founded the International Society for Speech Therapy and Phoniatrics (International Association for Logopedics and Phoniatrics IALP), whose chairman he was from 1924 to 1953. He taught speech and voice medicine at the teacher training institute and at the music college. He was a member of the Association for Psychiatry and Neurology, President of the Austrian Society for Psychology of Abnormal Children and from 1926 to 1938 President of the Austrian Society for Experimental Phonetics. He was involved in educational counseling in the Association for Individual Psychology and in 1926 founded an individual psychological outpatient clinic for language disorders at the Polyclinic, which he ran in collaboration with Alfred Adler and Leopold Stein . In 1927 Fröschels was appointed associate professor at the University of Vienna .

After the annexation of Austria , Fröschels was given a forced leave of absence due to his Jewish origin and lost his venia legendi . In 1939 he emigrated to the USA, where he found a position as a research professor for language disorders at the Central Institute for the Deaf at Washington University in St. Louis , headed by Max Aaron Goldstein . From 1940 to 1949 he was director of the speech and voice clinic he founded at Mount Sinai Hospital and from 1950 to 1955 at Beth David Hospital in New York. From 1947 he was President of the New York Society of Speech and Voice Therapy . He taught at Pace College New York and was the first director of the Alfred Adler Institute in New York

plant

Fröschels applies alongside Hermann Gutzmann sen. as a pioneer of modern language research and the founder of speech therapy. In 1909 he published a lecture on the nature and treatment of language diseases . In 1913 he published his textbook on speech and voice medicine, which contributed to the recognition of speech and voice medicine within medicine with the works of Gutzmann. His research focused on the psychological causes of various language and speech disorders. He attributed stuttering to psychological rather than innate causes. He developed a therapy for stutterers who were supposed to release the typical cramps by chewing movements while speaking and at the same time stimulate the various muscles of the speech apparatus. The therapists supported this process in the sense of individual psychology with encouraging encouragement. He was also in the invention of -Scholit prosthesis Fröschel to correct the Wolf throat involved

He wrote 23 books and around 300 articles on language disorders, psychotherapy and philosophical topics and was a member of the American Speech Correction Association , the Association for the Advancement of Psychotherapy , the Rudolf Virchow Society, etc.

As a collaborator, Fröschels was involved in the lexicon of the entire therapy .

Award

  • In 1961 he received the Austrian Cross of Honor for Science and Art First Class from the Austrian government for his services to science.
  • He has been made an honorary member by the International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP) .

Fonts (selection)

  • Textbook of speech therapy (speech therapy) for doctors, educators and students . Publishing house Deuticke, Leipzig / Vienna 1913
  • Help book for the treatment of speech disorders . Perles Verlag, Vienna 1916
  • Advice for raising young children . Perles Verlag, Vienna 1916
  • Child language and aphasia: Thoughts on aphasia based on observations of child language development and its anomalies, taking modern psychology into account . Karger Verlag, Berlin 1918
  • Linguistic therapy in the war . Urban & Schwarzenberg publishing house, Berlin / Vienna 1919
  • Singing and speaking: your anatomy, physiology, pathology and hygiene . Publishing house Deuticke, Leipzig / Vienna 1920
  • Psychology of language. Publisher F. Deuticke, Vienna 1925
  • The stuttering (associative aphasia) . Publisher F. Deuticke, Vienna 1925
  • Voice and language in curative education . Publishing house C. Marhold Halle a. S.
  • Speech and voice disorders (stammering, stuttering, etc.) . Julius Springer Publishing House, Berlin 1929
  • Methods of studying the sense organs . Urban & Schwarzenberg Publishing House, Berlin / Vienna 1920–1937 (5 volumes)
  • Fear: a philosophical-medical consideration . Karger publishing house, Basel 1950

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Clara Kenner: The torn sky: Emigration and exile of the Viennese individual psychology.
  2. ^ Judy Duchan's History of Speech: Emil Froeschels. University at Buffalo, accessed August 12, 2019 .
  3. ^ Judy Duchan's History of Speech: Emil Froeschels' Therapy Approaches. University at Buffalo, accessed August 12, 2019 .
  4. ↑ Walter Marle (Ed.): Lexicon of the entire therapy with diagnostic information. 2 volumes, 4th revised edition. Urban & Schwarzenberg, Berlin / Vienna 1935 ( list of employees ).
  5. ↑ International Association of Logopedics and Phoniatrics (IALP): Honorary Members ( Memento from March 19, 2017 in the Internet Archive )
personal data
SURNAME Fröschels, Emil
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Austrian specialist in speech and voice medicine
DATE OF BIRTH August 24, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Vienna
DATE OF DEATH January 18, 1972
Place of death new York