African dream herb

African dream herb
	African dream herb ( Entada rheedei )
Systematics
Order :	Fabales (Fabales)
Family :	Legumes (Fabaceae)
Subfamily :	Mimosa family (Mimosoideae)
Tribe :	Mimoseae
Genre :	Entada
Type :	African dream herb
Scientific name
	Entada rheedei
	Blast

This article was based on formal or substantive deficiencies in the quality assurance biology in the section "plants" entered for improvement. This is done in order to bring the quality of the biology articles to an acceptable level. Please help improve this article! Articles that are not significantly improved can be deleted if necessary.

Read the more detailed information in the minimum requirements for biology articles .

The African Traumkraut ( Entada rheedei ) is a plant from the genus Entada within the family of the Leguminosae (Fabaceae).

Dream herbs are plants that are regarded as sacred spiritual tools in many indigenous peoples. Different parts of these herbs are used to create visionary dreams. Other well-known dream herbs are Silene undulata , the dream herb , Tagetes lucida , the yellow acacia , Helinus integrifolius , Synaptolepis kirkii , mugwort , Hemidesmus indicus and the poison lettuce , as well as Alepidea amatymbica or Celastrus paniculatus .

description

illustration

Seeds of Entada rheedei

Leaves and inflorescences

Ear of Entada rheedii

Unripe fruit

Vegetative characteristics

Entada rheedei grows as a large, winding, thick and strong liana with a taproot that reaches the height of a large tree. Alternate, single or double pinnate and stalked leaves are formed with rounded to pointed or marginalized, elliptical, also uneven or ovate to obovate and leathery, with shiny, stalked and entire leaves . There are often smaller stipules present. The leaves often end in a two-branch tendril . Pulvini may be present on the petioles . Only cataphylls are formed immediately after germination .

Generative characteristics

The small and fragrant, heterostyle flowers are yellow, white to greenish, reddish and have a small, slightly lobed and cup-shaped green calyx. They stand in long, axillary, single or tufted and stalked, dense ears . There are durable, small bracts on the ears. There are five elongated petals and ten, protruding stamens, which mainly determine the flower color. The very short or longer stylus , depending on flower type, is fädlich or slender, with smaller scar. The ovary is stalked short, with many ovules .

Sometimes huge, flattened and woody-leathery, parchment-like, segmented, often slightly curved legumes ( frame pods ) are formed, they can be up to 2 meters long and 15 centimeters wide. But they can also be much smaller and contain a few to many, approx. 3–7.5 centimeters large and up to 2 centimeters thick, rounded, flattened, dark brown and smooth-shiny, very hard seeds. The floating seeds are spread over the sea, the seed coat is thick and waxy, underneath are the white, large cotyledons , there is no endosperm . The thousand grain mass is around 25-30 kg.

Occurrence

The African dream herb grows in primary and secondary forests along rivers, as well as in coastal forests and in mangroves .

It occurs throughout tropical Africa from South Africa to Kenya in the north and Senegal in the west, as well as Madagascar. In Asia, the dream herb can be found in tropical India, rear India and the entire Malay Archipelago , where the occurrence extends to Papua New Guinea and in Australia to the Northern Territory and Queensland .

use

The seeds are cut open and then the inner “pulp” (the cotyledons) is scraped out. This is then either swallowed or, together with other herbs or tobacco, smoked in a smoking mixture to achieve lucid dreams . The cotyledon mass can also be used for medicinal purposes, as an ointment or plaster. The leaves and seeds can be used as fish poison . The bark bast can be braided into ropes. The leaves and bark can be used to make tea that is used medicinally. The seeds can also be roasted or boiled and eaten in water after leaching for several hours. The seeds can also be used as a coffee substitute . The seeds are also processed into jewelry or lucky charms. The seeds and bark can be used as a soap substitute.

The African dream herb is considered a medicinal plant in Nepal .

literature

Entada rheedii in the Flora of China, Vol. 10.
Y. Tateishi, N. Wakita, T. Kajita: Taxonomic Revision of the Genus Entada (Leguminosae) in the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. In: Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 59 (3), 2008, 194–210, doi: 10.18942 / apg.KJ00005124834 , online (PDF), at nesseiken.info, accessed on September 28, 2018.

Web links

Commons : Entada rheedei - collection of images, videos and audio files

Entada rheedii at PlantZAfrica, accessed September 28, 2018.
Entada rheedii from Australian Rainforest Plants, accessed September 28, 2018.
Entada rheedii on somemagneticislandplants.com.au, accessed September 28, 2018.
Entada rheedei at Useful Tropical Plants, accessed September 29, 2018.

Individual evidence

↑ Entada rheedei at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on April 13, 2017.
↑ 10 Dream Herbs - Lucid and visionary dreams through traditional plants on magischepflanzen.de, accessed on September 28, 2018.
↑ Andreas Schwarz: Lucid Dreaming. 2nd edition, 2016, ISBN 978-3-7418-5722-5 .
↑ Georg Tillmann Glowka: Dreams: The depths of the unconscious. Annual thesis at the end of grade 12 at the Free Waldorf School Freiburg-Rieselfeld, 2016/2017, online (PDF; 21.7 MB), on glowka.de, accessed on September 29, 2018.
↑ M. Okba, FM Soliman, KS El-Deeb, M. Yousif: Botanical study, DNA fingerprinting, nutritional values and certain proximates of Entada rheedii Spreng. In: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 5, Suppl. 3, 2013, pp. 311-329, online at researchgate.net, accessed September 28, 2018.
^ ^A ^b Entada rheedei in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
↑ ^a ^b Umberto Quattrocchi: CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants. CRC Press, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4822-5064-0 , p. 1573.
↑ Entada rheedii - African Dream Herb on entheology.com, accessed September 29, 2018.
↑ Y. Uprety, H. Asselin, EK Boon et al .: Indigenous use and bio-efficacy of medicinal plants in the Rasuwa District, Central Nepal. In: Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine. Volume 6, 2010, p. 3, doi : 10.1186 / 1746-4269-6-3 , PMID 20102631 , PMC 2823594 (free full text).

[Tropicos-1] Entada rheedei at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, accessed on April 13, 2017.

[2] 10 Dream Herbs - Lucid and visionary dreams through traditional plants on magischepflanzen.de, accessed on September 28, 2018.

[3] Andreas Schwarz: Lucid Dreaming. 2nd edition, 2016, ISBN 978-3-7418-5722-5 .

[4] Georg Tillmann Glowka: Dreams: The depths of the unconscious. Annual thesis at the end of grade 12 at the Free Waldorf School Freiburg-Rieselfeld, 2016/2017, online (PDF; 21.7 MB), on glowka.de, accessed on September 29, 2018.

[5] M. Okba, FM Soliman, KS El-Deeb, M. Yousif: Botanical study, DNA fingerprinting, nutritional values and certain proximates of Entada rheedii Spreng. In: International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences. Vol. 5, Suppl. 3, 2013, pp. 311-329, online at researchgate.net, accessed September 28, 2018.

[GRIN-6] A ^b Entada rheedei in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), USDA , ARS , National Genetic Resources Program. National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, Beltsville, Maryland. Retrieved April 13, 2017.

[Umb-7] Umberto Quattrocchi: CRC World Dictionary of Medicinal and Poisonous Plants. CRC Press, 2012, ISBN 978-1-4822-5064-0 , p. 1573.

[8] Entada rheedii - African Dream Herb on entheology.com, accessed September 29, 2018.

[9] Y. Uprety, H. Asselin, EK Boon et al .: Indigenous use and bio-efficacy of medicinal plants in the Rasuwa District, Central Nepal. In: Journal of ethnobiology and ethnomedicine. Volume 6, 2010, p. 3, doi : 10.1186 / 1746-4269-6-3 , PMID 20102631 , PMC 2823594 (free full text).