Étienne Dupérac

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Étienne Dupérac: Piazza del Campidoglio , 1568,
copper engraving
View of Paris, with the Palais du Louvre .
The "Grande Galerie" is behind the former station building of the Musée d'Orsay to recognize

Étienne Dupérac , Italian Stefano Duperac (* around 1520 or 1535? In Paris or Bordeaux; † March 1604 ) was a versatile and successful French artist who worked as a draftsman , etcher , painter , architect and decorator and had extensive knowledge in the field of Garden art decreed. He is considered one of the most important French architects of the second half of the 16th century.

After almost twenty years in Italy (around 1560–1578), he returned to France, where he was court architect of King Henry IV from around 1596 , on whose behalf he completed the first part of the so-called “Grande Galerie” of the Louvre , the by Jacques Androuet II Du Cerceau .

Life

Dupérac began his then still modest career in Venice , before he made a name for himself in Rome, first through his drawings and etchings of ancient buildings, and later through his work as a painter and architect. Alessandro Farnese's librarian and historian Onofrio Panvinio occupied him in 1565 and 1566 with the illustration and retrieval of documents for his treatises on Roman antiquity . In 1570 he was involved in the decoration, perhaps also in the construction of the south wing of the Palazzo Caetani in Cisterna , which was renovated from 1570 to 1580, for Duke Bonifacio Caetani.In 1572 he was involved with Bartolomeo Gritti in connection with the work for the preparation of the conclave mentioned in Rome and in 1574 the brotherhood "Saint-Louis-des-Français" gave him an order for the beautification of the church of San Salvatore in thermis in Rome.

Returning to France, Dupérac worked from 1578 to 1588 as an architect for the Duke family of the Guises (dukes of Guise and Lorraine), in particular for Charles de Lorraine, duc d'Aumale (around 1582), for Philippe-Emmanuel de Lorraine, duc de Mercœur (1588) and Charles de Lorraine, duc d'Elbeuf . He supplied the Queen Mother Catherine of Medici with a design for a villa on the hill of Chaillot, which at the time was still outside Paris, which remained unrealized. From 1596 he was in the service of Heinrich IV.

Étienne Dupérac died very old in March 1604.

plant

In the years 1565 and 1566 Dupérac created the etchings for Onufrio Panvinios posthumously published treatises on the triumph ceremonies ("De triumpho", 1571) and the circus games ("De ludis circensibus", 1600) of Roman antiquity. Together with Ercole Setti , he was responsible for the copies from part of the Libro dell'antichità by Pirro Ligorio . In addition to the scenes of festivals and ceremonies, in the 1560s he specialized in the etching of architecture and ruins views published by Antoine Lafréry († 1577), Lorenzo Vaccaro , Claude Duchet and the Tramezzino brothers.

Selection of works

Drawings and etchings:

  • 1565–1566: Etchings for Panvinios "De Triumpho" and "De ludis circensibus"
  • 1565–1578: Etchings of views of architecture and ruins, including the cities of Naples (1566) and Rome (1577), views of gardens such as those of the Villa d'Este (1573) in Tivoli near Rome, fountains and villas
  • 1575: Etchings "I vestigi dell'antichità di Roma", 36 views of the ruins (in a coherent order for a tour of Rome)
  • 1575: Book of drawings "Illustration des fragments antiques" (1575, Paris, Musée du Louvre ), a copy made by hand at a later time, which was executed with less care, is in Paris in the BnF
  • 1575: Etching showing the seven most sacred main churches in Rome for pilgrims in the Holy City

Painting:

  • 1561–1563: Landscape painting " al fresco " on the walls of the Loggia Pius IV in the Vatican (attributed)
  • 1574: Paintings and stucco work in the Church of San Salvatore in Thermis, Rome

Buildings:

Gardens:

  • 1596: Design for the garden of the Tuileries Palace in Paris
  • ????: Design for the garden of Anet Castle in collaboration with Mollet
  • ????: Design for the garden of the castle of Saint-Germain-en-Laye (terrace garden of the "Château-Neuf")

literature

  • Sylvie Deswarte-Rosa, Catherine Grodecki: Le dernier caprice architectural de Catherine de Médicis. A villa à hippodrome sur la colline de Chaillot by Étienne Dupérac. In: Revue de l'art. Volume 150, Issue 4, 2005, ISSN  0035-1326 , pp. 21-47.
  • Emmanuel Lurin: Étienne Dupérac, engraver, peintre et architecte (verse 1535? -1604). Un artiste-antiquaire entre l'Italie et la France. Dissertation, University of Paris IV 2006 ( online ).
  • Volker Heenes: Étienne Dupérac. In: Peter Kuhlmann , Helmuth Schneider (Hrsg.): History of the ancient sciences. Biographical Lexicon (= The New Pauly . Supplements. Volume 6). Metzler, Stuttgart / Weimar 2012, ISBN 978-3-476-02033-8 , Sp. 337-340.

Web links

Commons : Étienne Dupérac  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Footnotes

  1. ^ Documents in the archives of the Apostolic Chamber
personal data
SURNAME Dupérac, Etienne
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Pérac, Étienne you; Pérac, Stefano you; Pérac, Etienne You; Dupérac, Stefano; Dupeyrac, Etienne; Dupeyrac, Stefano; Parac, Etienne you; Parac, Stefano you; You Pérac, Etienne
BRIEF DESCRIPTION French painter, etcher and architect
DATE OF BIRTH around 1520
DATE OF DEATH March 1604