Euphrates poplar

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Euphrates poplar
Populus euphratica Bra63.png

Euphrates poplar ( Populus euphratica )

Systematics
Rosids
Eurosiden I
Order : Malpighiales (Malpighiales)
Family : Willow family (Salicaceae)
Genre : Poplars ( Populus )
Type : Euphrates poplar
Scientific name
Populus euphratica
Olivier
Euphrates poplars in Western Mongolia

The Euphrates poplar ( Populus euphratica ) is a species of poplar ( Populus ) in the willow family (Salicaceae).

description

Populus euphratica grows as a tree and reaches heights of up to 15 m, rarely as a shrub . The bark is grayish-brown. The bark of the branches is brownish and hairy or smooth. The brown buds are about 7 mm in size. The foliage leaf is stalked and simple. On fully grown trees, the leaf stalk is about as long as the leaf blade. The petiole is short on seedlings. An increased temperature tolerance of the leaves is caused by the emission of isoprene . Because of the differently shaped leaves that grow on the same tree, another Latin name is Populus diversifolia , "Poplar with different leaves".

Populus euphratica are dioeciously separated sexes ( diocesan ). The slender male kittens are 2 to 3 cm long. The anthers are purple-red. Female catkins are 2.5 cm long during flowering and 9 cm long during fruiting. The ovary is long ovoid. There are three yellowish-green bilobed stigmas in the female flower. The flowering time is in May.

The two- to three-fold capsule fruit is 1 to 1.2 cm in size. The fruits ripen between July and August.

The number of chromosomes is 2n = 38.

Occurrence

Populus euphratica grows in plains, valleys and basins at altitudes between 200 and 2400 meters. The homeland of Populus euphratica is southwest Asia, Afghanistan , India , Kazakhstan , Pakistan , Tajikistan , Turkmenistan , Uzbekistan and the Chinese provinces of Gansu , western Nei Mongol , Qinghai , Xinjiang . In China, Populus euphratica is distributed in the south of Xinjiang , in the west of the Qaidam Basin in Qinghai , in the Hexi Corridor (Gansu Corridor) in Gansu and in the Hetao area of Inner Mongolia . It is planted in forests and also used as a field boundary and wind protection. Populus euphratica is salt tolerant and grows in dry and semi-arid areas in locations where the groundwater is just below the surface. It has a history of more than 6.8 million years.

Nature reserves in China

In the Tarim Basin in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region in the People's Republic of China there is a nature reserve ( 塔里木 胡杨 保护 区 , English Tarim Euphrates Poplar National Nature Reserve ) in the catchment area of ​​the Tarim River made up of natural forests with Euphrates poplars. The trees there make up around 90 percent of the total area of ​​this poplar species worldwide.

Also in Ejin Banner in Inner Mongolia one was nature reserve set up for them ( 额济纳胡杨林自然保护区 , English Ejin diversifolius Poplar Forest National Nature Reserve ).

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ http://www.dfg.de/jahresbericht/Wc3df2e449c29c.htm
  2. ↑ See A tree species reference and selection guide and Populus diversifolia Schrenk ex Fisch. & CA Mey
  3. ^ Populus euphratica at Tropicos.org. In: IPCN Chromosome Reports . Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis
  4. ↑ Cheng-fu Fang, Shi-dong Zhao & Alexei K. Skvortsov: Salicaceae in the Flora of China , Volume 4, p. 162: Populus euphratica - Online.
  5. ^ Cihai , p. 683.
  6. ↑ http://www.bjreview.cn/g-br/2003-52/2003.52-china-1.htm
  7. ↑ http://www.chinaclub.de/china/China-News/u.CIIC_deutsch.html?p=71  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / www.chinaclub.de  
  8. ↑ 胡杨 , húyáng , is the Chinese word for Populus euphratica after the Cihai .

Web links

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