Evangelical Church (Bissenberg)

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Church in Bissenberg from the south
View from the southeast

The Evangelical Church in Bissenberg , a district of Leun in the Hessian Lahn-Dill district , is a hall church from the late Romanesque period, which underwent a Baroque extension. The rectangular building with plastered herringbone masonry was raised in 1723–1726, extended to the west and provided with a slate tower structure. Because of its historical and urban significance, the church is a Hessian monument .

history

In the Middle Ages, Bissenberg belonged to the Archipresbyterate Wetzlar in the Archdiakonat St. Lubentius Dietkirchen in the Archdiocese of Trier . It was like Stockhausen branch in the parish of Biskirchen .

With the introduction of the Reformation , the parish changed to the evangelical confession in 1549. In 1582, Count Konrad von Solms-Braunfels officially introduced the Reformed Confession. In the 1600s, renovation work was carried out on the masonry and roofing. Further damage from the Thirty Years' War meant that the tower had to be replaced.

In the years 1723 to 1726 master mason Johann Hartmann Scharff (Scharbft) extended the church to the west and raised the tower. The church was rededicated on October 18, 1726.

Until the 19th century, only funerals and weddings took place in the church. The Bissenbergers had to attend church services in the parish church in the Evangelical Church of Biskirchen at any time of the year . From 1853, the Bissenbergers campaigned for Sunday services in their own church. This did not happen because they did not want to pay any compensation to the pastor of the parish. It was not until 1866 that they managed to hold church services in Bissenberg every 4 weeks in winter and every 6 weeks in summer. A service has been held every fortnight since 1930. Since the renovation of the church in 1952, the parish received full church use.

In 1962 the windows and the entrance door as well as the roofing were renewed. The floor in the interior was re-covered with sand slabs and heating was installed. The walls and ceiling have been straightened. The church got a new coat of paint. When the north wall was uncovered for this work, a "late Romanesque" date was provided.

Another renovation took place in 1986/1987. After the ceiling was exposed, a new ridge beam was drawn in. The pews and loft were restored with a wooden look. In addition, the parsonage , the pulpit and the organ were restored.

The parish was part of the Braunfels parish until the end of 2018, which in 2019 became part of the Evangelical Church District an Lahn and Dill in the Evangelical Church in the Rhineland .

architecture

The east-facing hall building made of white plastered quarry stone masonry on a rectangular floor plan is built in the center of a churchyard enclosed by a wall. The Romanesque eastern part has a herringbone bond. The interior is illuminated on the two long sides and in the west through two small, high-rectangular windows each with lattice structure, a square window is let into the east. The church is accessed through a Romanesque south gate under a slated canopy. A stone is attached to the south-east side and recessed from the plaster in an oval shape. It bears a building inscription from 1726:

“When the church was started, Count Wilhelm Moritz and Mr. zu Greifenstein were gracious. ext. the following year he passed from this temporality into eternity. Since it was happily brought to an end with God's help, Count Friedrich Wilhelm reigned praiseworthy. Thank you very much for the grace received and how great a promotion Mr. FSZ Wetzlar did. This is dug into this stone so that the descendants can also hear about it.
In 1726, July 6th, Johann Hartmann Scharff, master mason "

Above the eastern part rises a massive, rectangular, slated tower upper floor in the same width. The beams of the broken iron hammer ("Bissenberger Hut") were used for the pilaster decoration in the wooden tower floor . A flat tent roof conveys to the eight-sided bell storey with eight high rectangular sound openings. The tapered hood has four sound openings and is crowned by a decorated compass rose with a weathercock.

Furnishing

View to the organ gallery
Interior facing west

The interior is closed off by a flat wooden beam ceiling with longitudinal beams . The wooden, three-sided gallery leaves the southern long wall free for the pulpit and the entrance area. It rests on square posts with arches . The parapet has simple rectangular panels. The east gallery serves as the installation site for the organ.

The wooden polygonal pulpit from the 18th century shows tendrils of flowers in the upright rectangular panels of the pulpit fields. It is accessible through an attached parish chair with openwork latticework, which was also made in the 18th century. The church stalls leave a central aisle free.

organ

Organ with a baroque prospect

Around 1850 the civil parish of Bissenberg bought a small organ for 40 marks with the help of the pastor of Evingsen in Westphalia. It was revised and did its job well enough. During the First World War , part of the tin pipes was given as a metal donation by the German people . In 1925 these were replaced and the organ enlarged. During the renovation in 1962, it was found that the organ's materials were missing. Because no further use was possible, a fundraising campaign was initiated.

Donations from parishioners, the regional church and local entrepreneurs made it possible for a new organ to be inaugurated in December 1965. Günther Hardt from Möttau built the instrument and used a historical prospectus from an unknown organ builder from the 18th century, which had been acquired from Groß-Rechtenbach . It is a mechanical slide organ with six registers on a manual and pedal and 450 pipes made of 75% pewter and real abura wood from the 18th century. The disposition is as follows:

I Manual C – f 3
Covered 8th'
Principal 4 ′
Reed flute 4 ′
octave 2 ′
Mixture III-IV 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
Pedal C – d 1
Sub bass 16 ′

Bells

The first indication of the presence of a bell in the Bissenberg church can be found in the church accounts from 1566, when the blacksmith was commissioned to make a bell clapper. Nothing is known about the whereabouts of this bell. It was probably lost in the turmoil of the Thirty Years' War , as the whole tower had to be replaced after the war. A new bell and a clock were delivered by master Dilman Schmid from Asslar in 1711 . According to the community bills, he received 140 florins and 2 wagons of coal for the bell and clock . The bell bears the inscription:

In God's name I flowed
Dilmann Schmidt zu Asslar poured me
in the year since Emperor Charles the 6th by
Choice was determined
MDCCXI (1711)
Conrad Daniel, Schultheiss , Bissenberg

The bell and clock were then installed in the new tower during the renovation and extension work from 1723 to 1726. This bell is still there today and does its job.

On December 4, 1935, a second bell from the Rincker company was added. It is about 75 cm tall, 69 cm in diameter and weighs 196 kg. At that time it cost 500 Reichsmarks . It bears the inscription:

In this world of hatred and sin
I love and deliver salvation
Cast in 1935 by Gebr. Rinker
in mind

The bell was also used for civic gatherings, such as B. auctions, outbreak of fire and even used to draw the order in baking in the bakery. The old bell still rings today at 11 a.m. and to ring in the evening, to go to church on Sunday and as a sign of a death in the village.

literature

  • Friedrich Kilian Abicht: The district of Wetzlar, presented historically, statistically and topographically. Volume 2. Wetzlar 1836, p. 184 ( online ).
  • Rudolf Anschütz: History of the parish Biskirchen - Biskirchen-Bissenberg-Stockhausen. Biskirchen 1982.
  • Georg Dehio : Handbook of German art monuments , Hessen I. Administrative districts of Giessen and Kassel. Edited by Folkhard Cremer, Tobias Michael Wolf and others. Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich a. a. 2008, ISBN 978-3-422-03092-3 , p. 113.
  • Historical Committee 750th Anniversary Celebration Biskirchen; Gerhard Heller, Gerhard Scharf, Wilhelm Weber (Red.): The history of the parish Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. Magistrate, Leun 1994.
  • Gerhard Kleinfeldt, Hans Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hesse-Nassau area (= writings of the institute for historical regional studies of Hesse and Nassau. Volume 16). NG Elwert, Marburg 1937, ND 1984, p. 193.
  • State Office for the Preservation of Monuments Hesse (ed.); Reinhold Schneider (arrangement): Cultural monuments in Hesse. City of Wetzlar (= monument topography Federal Republic of Germany ). Theiss, Stuttgart 2004, ISBN 3-8062-1900-1 , p. 417.
  • Magistrat der Stadt Leun (Ed.): History and photo book of the city of Leun with the districts of Biskirchen, Bissenberg, Leun, Stockhausen, Leun-Lahnbahnhof. Meinerzhagener Druck- und Verlagshaus, Meinerzhagen 1986, ISBN 3-88913-106-9 .
  • Rita Volk: Festschrift 700 years of Bissenberg. 1313-2013. Leun 2013.
  • Heinrich Zutt: History of the parish Biskirchen (Biskirchen, Bissenberg, Stockhausen). H Schellenberg, Wiesbaden 1926.

Web links

Commons : Evangelical Church  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Dehio: Handbuch der Deutschen Kunstdenkmäler, Hessen I. 2008, p. 113.
  2. ↑ a b c State Office for Monument Preservation Hesse (ed.): Evangelical Church In: DenkXweb, online edition of cultural monuments in Hesse .
  3. ↑ Kleinfeldt, Weirich: The medieval church organization in the Upper Hessian-Nassau area. 1984, p. 193.
  4. ↑ Bissenberg. Historical local dictionary for Hessen. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS). Hessian State Office for Historical Cultural Studies (HLGL), accessed on March 27, 2020 .
  5. ↑ a b Heller, Scharf, Weber (Red.): The history of the parish of Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. 1994, p. 211.
  6. ↑ a b c d Heller, Scharf, Weber (Red.): The history of the parish of Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. 1994, p. 217.
  7. ^ Siglinde Zutt: 125 years of the (new) parish church in Biskirchen. In: Local history working group Biskirchen (Hrsg.): Biskirchener Heimatkalender 1995. Biskirchen 1995.
  8. ↑ Heller, Scharf, Weber (Red.): The history of the parish Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. 1994, pp. 217, 220.
  9. ↑ Heller, Scharf, Weber (Red.): The history of the parish Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. 1994, p. 220.
  10. ^ Frank Rudolph: 200 years of evangelical life. Wetzlar's church history in the 19th and 20th centuries. Tectum, Marburg 2009, ISBN 978-3-8288-9950-6 , p. 27.
  11. ↑ Heller, Scharf, Weber (Red.): The history of the parish Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. 1994, p. 216.
  12. ↑ Heller, Scharf, Weber (Red.): The history of the parish Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. 1994, p. 219.
  13. ↑ Heller, Scharf, Weber (Red.): The history of the parish Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. 1994, p. 237.
  14. ^ Franz Bösken : Sources and research on the organ history of the Middle Rhine (=  contributions to the Middle Rhine music history . Volume 7.1 ). tape 2 : The area of ​​the former administrative district of Wiesbaden. Part 1: A-K . Schott, Mainz 1975, ISBN 3-7957-1307-2 , p. 82 .
  15. ↑ Hellmut Schliephake: Bell customer of the district of Wetzlar. In: Heimatkundliche Arbeitsgemeinschaft Lahntal e. V. 12th yearbook. 1989, ISSN  0722-1126 , pp. 5-150, here p. 132.
  16. ↑ Heller, Scharf, Weber (Red.): The history of the parish Biskirchen, Bissenberg and Stockhausen. 1994, p. 235.

Coordinates: 50 ° 33 ′ 5.04 ″  N , 8 ° 18 ′ 18.25 ″  E