Evangelical town church Tecklenburg

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City Church

The Evangelical City Church is a listed church building in Tecklenburg , a town in the Steinfurt district in North Rhine-Westphalia . It stands on the bare mountain above the old Jakobusweg, which used to be used as a pilgrimage and trade route over a pass in the Teutoburg Forest. The church building is the first post-Reformation building in the Tecklenburg parish and is of particular historical value. The congregation has been committed to the Protestant Confession and since 1587 to the Reformed Confession ( Heidelberg Catechism ). By unification in 2008, it includes the communities of Tecklenburg Brochterbeck , Ledde and Leeden .

History and architecture

View in the local area
Side view of the ship with side portal

The parish was founded between 1271 and 1326. A chapel on the castle hill in Tecklenburg was first mentioned in 1320. This was probably a part of the castle that was then converted into a castle chapel. In a book from 1672, Gerhard Rampius mentions a castle church which, according to his testimony, was consecrated in 1176. August Karl Holsche no longer mentions any church on the Schlossberg after the Reformation. Presumably the former castle church was no longer used as such after the Reformation and was then used again for secular purposes. A castle church was only mentioned in a document again in 1747. After 1707 it was mentioned that the newly founded Lutheran congregation held services in the castle church. The chapel was rebuilt after 1707. It fell into disrepair and was demolished together with the castle and palace complex. The bell was given to the collegiate church in Leeden.

A second chapel , dedicated to St. Georgii , was in front of the city wall in the 14th century. It was the center of the village today. The building of the current city church is a squat, Gothic-style hall church with a vaulted five-sided choir . On the south side, the building above the so-called bridal door is marked 1566. Above it is the bridal window with depictions of the Christian understanding of marriage. This year the nave was added to the existing choir of the previous church. The wooden hollow ceiling with ribs in the nave is supported by a slender central column. The west tower is half drawn in and crowned with a lantern . It comes from the beginning of the 18th century.

Choir

Scaffolded tower, condition from 2012

The cross-rib vaulted choir is the oldest part of the building. The vaults were withdrawn in 1562. This is evidenced by the keystone with the designation 1562. The structure of the windows is congruent with the five-part vault, the round windows were installed in 1562. These were originally single glazed and were exchanged for stained glass windows in 1888 , which were donated by the Baroness von Diepenbroick Grüter. The middle window shows an image of Christ. Count Mauritz had an organ built into the rear wall of the choir between 1651 and 1652, which was moved into the tower in 1820. Until the middle of the 19th century there was a library in the choir, which Mr. Dietrich Rump and H. Wilhelm Snetlage, loyal preachers in Teklenburg, first began to create and donate in 1585 . The choir has remained largely unchanged since 1562, and no major structural changes have been made since then. At Christmas 1587, the pictures and altars from the pre-Reformation period were removed; the choir stalls were installed in 1890. The floor is covered with a sandstone slab. Below is the crypt of the Counts of Tecklenburg, it has been buried. Other secular and ecclesiastical dignitaries were buried under the nave, an exact arrangement of the graves and people is not known.

Nave

Originally, a flat beamed ceiling was drawn into the interior. After the rear wall was broken out of the nave in the period from 1738 to 1739 in order to create a connection with the tower, a wooden barrel vault was put in, it rests on the central column made from the trunk of an oak. The height of the vault is coordinated with the tower vault. At the same time, a new gallery was built on the west side. Around 1820, some windows were subsequently extended. The stalls and the gallery were renewed between 1883 and 1884. The new stalls were made according to plans by the architect H. Meyer from Osnabrück. Originally the benches were supposed to be made of oak, but then the decision was made to use fir wood for cost reasons. The gallery on the north side was built in 1907 to make room for the students of the preparande . The chairs, the galleries and the vaults were painted brown. The cast iron columns for the galleries were supplied by the company Bruck and Kretschel from Osnabrück, these columns were later paneled with wood. In 1913, the painter Gustav Wittschas from Düsseldorf was commissioned to paint the church again. Wittschas bathed the interior in exuberant colors on a white background. His intention was, as he said, "to bathe the church in the colors of the Tecklenburger land". This work was interrupted by the First World War and only ended afterwards. In 1929, the Siemens-Schuckert company installed an electric heater in which the radiators were integrated in the footboards of the benches and in the window sills.This meant that no architectural changes to the building were necessary and cold air was prevented from flowing in through the windows. Before that, the building was heated by a log stove in the northeast corner. After the Second World War , the building was in poor condition, necessary repairs had not been carried out, and the paintwork had become damaged by peeling and fading. A few tentative restorations were carried out, but a comprehensive renovation was not started until 1953. In the 1970s, the wooden pieces of equipment were grayish blue adopted . At the same time, some tombstones were picked up from the floor of the church and hung on the walls. On the north side, a building containing the sacristy and kitchen was erected in 1990. The stalls and the painting have been changed several times over the years, the church is now in the state it was in after the renovation from 1972 to 1976.

tower

Originally a roof turret with a small bell sat on the building . For a transitional period, a wooden tower for the main bell was built next to the church in 1642. The massive baroque tower was built from 1710 to 1718 and is a landmark for Tecklenburg. In the tower hang the bells from 1642, in the helmet of the tower there is a striking bell that was taken over by the Osterberg monastery in 1710.

Furnishing

Grave slab outside
  • The stone altar table was purchased in 1955, it replaced the heavy altar made of wood clad with damask, which has probably served as a communion table since 1587/88. The wooden altar was mentioned a few times in the old warehouse registers because it needed to be replaced. Over time, parishioners donated new damask cloths.
  • The classical font in the shape of a cup was donated in 1843 by the Meese and Beremeier families.
  • The three chandeliers date from the 18th century, including one with a coat of arms and an inscription. The donors were the pastor Bernhardus Schramm and his wife.
  • The manor owner Rudolf von Grüter at Haus Marck donated a votive tablet for the fallen Überhörst, Kramer and Budke in 1873. It was let in on the south side of the choir.
  • The cover plate of Count Konrad von Tecklenburg's tumba is embedded in the south side of the building . It is provided with a life-size figure of the deceased. Konrad introduced the Reformation in the county of Tecklenburg in 1527, he died in 1557.
  • In the church there is a stone epitaph with the kneeling figure of Countess Mechtildis von Tecklenburg. From 1907 to 1955, the figure of the count lay on a one meter high masonry plinth in front of the altar table.
  • In the German-French War in 1871 was General von Grüter. With the approval of the presbytery and at the expense of the general's father-in-law, a votive plaque was placed on the north side of the choir in 1872.
  • Two memorial plaques with the names of the fallen were placed in the choir area to the right and left of the Christ window after the First World War. In 1955, all the war memorial plaques in the choir area were combined and a memorial for those who died in the wars was set up in the entrance hall in the tower.
  • The pulpit is one of the most important pieces of equipment as the place where the word is spoken. It was installed in 1740. Next to the pulpit hangs in a niche a cross made in 1973 from old oak beams of the roof truss with the inscription Soli deo gloria et honor (God alone be glory and glory).
  • A memorial plaque for Johann Weyer, also Wier, was placed in the church. Weyer turned against the persecution of witches in critical writings. He died in 1588 and was probably buried in the town church.
  • The church has an offering box that dates back to the 17th century and is firmly attached to the church wall with iron fittings; it is still in use today.
  • On special occasions, the movement from 1926 can be reached via narrow stairs, which is wound by hand twice a week (a total of 680 crank turns). The clockwork also strikes the bells for the hour and quarter strike with a hammer.
  • The painted wooden death shields were made between the 16th and 18th centuries.

organ

The organ was built in 1963 by the organ builder Alfred Führer (Wilhelmshaven). The instrument has 18 stops on two manuals and a pedal . Two registers were taken from the previous organ from 1892 ( Rohlfing , Osnabrück).

I main work C–
1. Principal 8th'
2. Reed flute 8th'
3. Octave 4 ′
4th Gemshorn 4 ′
5. Forest flute 2 ′
6th Mixture IV-V
II Rückpositiv C–
7th Dumped 8th'
8th. Krummhorn 8th'
9. Reed flute 4 ′
10. Principal 2 ′
11. Nasard 1 1 ⁄ 3  ′
12. Zimbel III
Pedal C–
13. Sub-bass 16 ′
14th Principal 8th'
15th Night horn 4 ′
16. Rauschpfeife IV
17th bassoon 16 ′
18th Trumpet 8th'

Old graveyard

The old cemetery is north of the church. It was used for burials for several centuries. Today it serves as a place for urn burials.

literature

  • Gabriele Böhm: Evangelical town church Tecklenburg ( Westfälische Kunststätten , issue 113). Münster / Tecklenburg 2012.
  • Georg Dehio: Handbook of the German art monuments, North Rhine-Westphalia . Volume 2, Westphalia, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1969.
  • Dehio, Georg , under the scientific direction of Ursula Quednau: Handbook of German art monuments. North Rhine-Westphalia II Westphalia . Deutscher Kunstverlag , Berlin / Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2 .
  • Erich Zeller: Tecklenburg, church - community - city in the past and present 1566 to 1966 Ed. Presbytery of the Evangelical Church Tecklenburg 1966.

Web links

Commons : Stadtkirche Tecklenburg  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Mentioned as Jakubusweg
  2. ^ First post-Reformation church in the Tecklenburg parish ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Evangelical Confessions ( Memento from June 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  4. ^ Association of municipalities
  5. ↑ Dehio, Georg , under the scientific direction of Ursula Quednau: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. North Rhine-Westphalia II Westphalia . Deutscher Kunstverlag , Berlin / Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2 , p. 1074.
  6. ↑ Erich Zeller: Tecklenburg, Church - Parish - City in the past and present 1566 to 1966 , published by the Presbytery of the Evangelical Church Tecklenburg 1966, p. 14.
  7. ↑ Erich Zeller: Tecklenburg, Church - Community - City in the past and present 1566 to 1966 , published by the presbytery of the Evangelical Church Tecklenburg 1966, p. 16.
  8. ↑ Year of construction, bridal door and bridal window ( Memento from June 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  9. ↑ Erich Zeller: Tecklenburg, Church - Parish - City in the past and present 1566 to 1966 , published by the presbytery of the Evangelical Church Tecklenburg 1966, p. 13.
  10. ↑ Keystone
  11. ↑ stained glass
  12. ↑ a b c d e f g h Erich Zeller: Tecklenburg, Church - Community - City in the past and present 1566 to 1966 , published by the presbytery of the Evangelical Church Tecklenburg 1966, p. 18.
  13. ↑ Graves in the church
  14. ↑ Erich Zeller: Tecklenburg, church - community - city in the past and present 1566 to 1966 , published by the presbytery of the Evangelical Church Tecklenburg 1966, p. 27f.
  15. ↑ Erich Zeller: Tecklenburg, Church - Community - City in the past and present 1566 to 1966 , published by the Presbytery of the Evangelical Church Tecklenburg 1966, p. 32f.
  16. ↑ Interior ( Memento from August 6, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  17. ^ History of the tower ( Memento from June 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  18. ^ A b Georg Dehio: Handbook of German Art Monuments, North Rhine-Westphalia . Volume 2, Westphalia, Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich 1969.
  19. ↑ Mention of the chandelier ( Memento from June 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  20. ↑ Donor of the chandelier
  21. ^ Konrad von Tecklenburg ( Memento from June 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  22. ↑ Georg Dehio ; Dorothea Kluge; Wilfried Hansmann ; Ernst Gall : North Rhine-Westphalia . In: Handbook of German Art Monuments . tape 2 . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich, Berlin 1969, OCLC 272521926 , p. 512 and 513 .
  23. ↑ Pulpit ( Memento from June 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  24. ^ Cross made from parts of the roof structure
  25. ↑ Memorial plaque for Johann Weyer ( Memento from June 7, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
  26. ↑ Offering box
  27. ↑ clockwork
  28. ↑ Dehio, Georg , under the scientific direction of Ursula Quednau: Handbuch der deutschen Kunstdenkmäler. North Rhine-Westphalia II Westphalia . Deutscher Kunstverlag , Berlin / Munich 2011, ISBN 978-3-422-03114-2 , page 1075.
  29. ^ Tecklenburg, Germany (North Rhine-Westphalia) - Evangelical city church. Orgeldatabase Nl, accessed July 29, 2016 .
  30. ↑ Old cemetery

Coordinates: 52 ° 13 ′ 12.1 ″  N , 7 ° 48 ′ 47.4 ″  E