Glands

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Glands
Stubble gland (Exidia glandulosa, syn.E. truncata)

Stubble gland ( Exidia glandulosa , syn.E. truncata )

Systematics
Subdivision : Agaricomycotina
Class : Agaricomycetes
Subclass : insecure position (incertae sedis)
Order : Ear lobe fungi (Auriculariales)
Family : Ear flap relatives (Auriculariaceae)
Genre : Glands
Scientific name
Exidia
Fr.

The glandular mushrooms ( Exidia ) are a genus of fungi of the Agaricomycetes from the family of the ear lobe relatives (Auriculariaceae).

The type species is the stubble gland ( Exidia glandulosa , syn. E. truncata ).

features

Glandular to cartilaginous-gelatinous, irregular gyroscopic, bowl-shaped or pillow-shaped or spreading, sometimes brain-like fruit bodies . The fertile upper side is moist, shiny, wrinkled or covered with glandular papillae, the underside facing the substrate is sterile and smooth or shaggy-rough to fine-grained. After drying, the fruiting bodies (Frk.) Are hard like horns, but come back to life when moisture is supplied. The types of the genus are predominantly dark in color.

Microscopic features of the genus are the monomitic hyphae structure with cylindrical, colorless hyphae , some of which have open buckles . The four-cell, basidia are spherical-ellipsoidal and have long sterigms. There are no cystids . The thin-walled, colorless spores are cylindrically curved, sausage or bean-shaped (allantoid), smooth and cannot be stained with iodine reagents. Sometimes they form secondary pores.

ecology

The Drüslinge are saprobiontic wood dwellers that produce a white rot in the colonized wood .

species

The genus includes around 35 species worldwide, 12 are given for Europe:

Drüslinge ( Exidia ) in Europe
Point glandular Exidia badioumbrina (Bresadola 1903) Killermann in Engler & Prantl 1928
Cartilaginous glandular Exidia cartilaginea S. Lundell & Neuhoff in Neuhoff 1935
Exidia fulva Bresadola & Torrend in Torrend 1913
Truncated, cup-shaped or stubbly glandular Exidia glandulosa
syn. Exidia truncata 		(Bulliard 1789: Frieze 1822) Frieze 1822
Frieze 1822: Frieze 1822
Tar-spot glandular Exidia pithya (Albertini & Schweinitz 1805: Frieze 1822) Frieze 1822
Warty glandular Exidia nigricans
syn. Exidia plana
syn. Exidia glandulosa 		(Withering 1776) P. Roberts 2009
(FH Wiggers 1780) Donk 1966
(Bulliard 1789: Fries 1822) Fries 1822 ss. Jülich 1984 et auct.
Gyroscopic or willow gland Exidia recisa (Ditmar 1817: Frieze 1822) Frieze 1822
Notch-edged glandular Exidia repanda Frieze 1822: Frieze 1822
Candy brown glandular Exidia saccharina (Albertini & Schweinitz 1805: Frieze 1822) Frieze 1822
Whitish glandular Exidia thuretiana (Léveillé 1848) Frieze 1874
Umber brown glandular Exidia umbrinella Bresadola 1900
Shaggy glandular Exidia villosa Neuhoff 1935

Within the genre, equality of scientific names sometimes creates confusion. Thus, in the literature, Exidia glandulosa refers to the stubble gland on the one hand and the warty glandular on the other . The different author citations are therefore decisive for differentiating the two taxa .

The tar-spot glandular ( Exidia pithya ) is considered by GJ Krieglsteiner as a variety of the warty glandular ( Exidia plana ).

meaning

The glandular mushrooms are not edible mushrooms. As wood decomposers, they are of no economic importance.

swell

literature

  • Achim Bollmann, Andreas Gminder , Peter Reil: List of illustrations of large European mushrooms . In: Yearbook of the Black Forest mushroom teaching show . 4th edition. Volume 2. Schwarzwälder Pilzlehrschau, 2007, ISSN  0932-920X (301 pages; directory of the color images of almost all large European mushrooms (> 5 mm) incl. CD with over 600 species descriptions).
  • Heinrich Dörfelt : The Earth Stars. Geastracea and Astraeaceae . 2nd Edition. A. Ziemsen Verlag, Wittenberg Lutherstadt 1989, ISBN 978-3-7403-0230-6 (120 pages).
  • Josef Breitenbach, Fred Kränzlin (Ed.): Mushrooms of Switzerland. Contribution to knowledge of the fungal flora in Switzerland. Volume 2: Heterobasidiomycetes (gelatinous mushrooms), Aphyllophorales (non-leaf mushrooms), Gastromycetes (belly mushrooms). Mykologia, Luzern 1986, ISBN 3-85604-020-X .
  • German Josef Krieglsteiner (Ed.): The large mushrooms of Baden-Württemberg . Volume 1: General Part. Stand mushrooms: jelly, bark, prick and pore mushrooms. Ulmer, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-8001-3528-0 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Franz Oberwinkler: Lecture Evolution and Ecology of Mushrooms, 13th hour ( Memento of the original from June 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . On: timms - Tübingen Internet Multimedia Server of the Eberhard Karls University of Tübingen. December 2, 2005. (streaming video; 50 min.) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / timms.uni-tuebingen.de
  2. ↑ Eric Strittmatter: The genus Tremella . On: fungiworld.com. Mushroom Taxa Database. Retrieved January 16, 2011.
  3. ↑ Andreas Kunze: witch butter and other black goo . In: Karin Montag (Ed.): The Tintling . tape 76 , no. 3 , 2012, ISSN  1430-595X , p. 53-62 .

Web links

Commons : Drüslinge ( Exidia )  - Collection of images, videos and audio files