Feline coronavirus

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Feline coronavirus
Systematics
Classification : Viruses
Area : Riboviria
Empire : Orthornavirae
Phylum : Pisuviricota
Class : Pisoniviricetes
Order : Nidovirals
Subordination : Cornidovirineae
Family : Coronaviridae
Subfamily : Orthocoronavirinae
Genre : Alphacoronavirus
Subgenus : Tegacovirus
Type : Alphacoronavirus 1
Subspecies : Feline coronavirus
Taxonomic characteristics
Genome : (+) ssRNA linear
Baltimore : Group 4
Symmetry : helical
Cover : available
Scientific name
Alphacoronavirus 1
Short name
FECV, FCoV
Left
NCBI  Taxonomy: 12663
ViralZone ( ExPASy , SIB): 785 (sub-family)
ICTV Taxon History: 201851849 (species)

The Feline Coronavirus ( FCoV , species Alphacoronavirus 1 ) is an alphacoronavirus ( Coronaviridae ) that infects cats ( Felis spp. ).

It was originally assumed that two different corona viruses occur in cats:

  1. The highly virulent form causes Feline Infectious Peritonitis and has been known as Feline Infectious Peritonitis Virus (FIPV) since its discovery in 1968 . Its assignment to the coronavirus has been recognized since the late 1970s.
  2. A virus similar to FIPV but causing only subclinical or mild intestinal infections was described in 1981. It was initially called Feline Enteral Coronavirus (FECV) . FECV infections are common and occur worldwide. Are most susceptible kittens at the age of six to twelve weeks. An FECV infection usually leads to diarrhea and vomiting with subsequent dehydration . Treatment is primarily aimed at compensating for the lack of fluids through parenteral administration of electrolyte solution as a depot under the skin , less often than intravenous or intraosseous infusion .

In 1987 Pedersen hypothesized that FECV and FIPV represent a virus and differ only in terms of their virulence . In 1998 his working group succeeded in proving that FIPV is only a mutation of FECV ( Vennema, H. et al. ). From 2000, the term Felines Coronavirus (FCoV) became the name of the pathogen.

Systematics

The NCBI knows within the species Alphacoronavirus 1 u. a. the following members:

  • Species: Alphacoronavirus 1
  • Acinonyx jubatus coronavirus
  • Felines coronavirus RM
  • Feline enteric coronavirus (strain 79-1683)
  • Feline infectious peritonitis virus
  • Swine enteric coronavirus
  • Transmissible gastroenteritis virus
  • Porcine respiratory coronavirus

literature

  • Pedersen, NC, Boyle JF, Floyd K., Fudge A., Barker J .: An enteric coronavirus infection of cats and its relationship to feline infectious peritonitis . Am J Vet Res. 1981; 42: 368-377.
  • Pedersen, NC: Virologic and immunologic aspects of feline infectious peritonitis virus infection. Adv Exp Med Biol. 1987; 218: 529-550.
  • Vennema H., Poland A., Foley J., Pedersen NC: Feline infectious peritonitis viruses arise by mutation from endemic feline enteric coronaviruses. Virology 1998 30; 243: 150-157.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ ICTV Master Species List 2018b v2 MSL # 34v, March 2019.
  2. ↑ a b c d ICTV: ICTV Taxonomy history: Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus , EC 51, Berlin, Germany, July 2019; Email ratification March 2020 (MSL # 35)
  3. ↑ NCBI: Alphacoronavirus 1 (species)