Filibacter limicola
| Filibacter limicola | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Filibacter limicola | ||||||||||||
| Maiden and Jones 1985 |
Filibacter limicola is a type of bacteria and the only species in the Filibacter genus . It was discovered in 1985 in the sediment of a lake in the English Lake District .
features
Appearance
Filibacter forms filaments from cylindrical cells. The individual cells can be slightly curved or rod-shaped and are 1.1 µm wide and between 3 and 30 µm long. The filaments are not branched and 8 to 150 µm long. The shape of the colonies of Filibacter limicola is reminiscent of vortices or spirals.
Although the genus to the department of Firmicutes counts falling Gram stain negative (usually are species of Firmicutes gram positive). The species can move by what is known as sliding (they are motile ). The peptidoglycan on the cell wall contains lysine , an amino acid . Lysine is found in many gram-positive bacteria in the peptidoglycan. Peptidoglycans are macromolecules that are composed of amino acids and sugars and are found in the cell wall of bacteria.
Growth and metabolism
The species is obligatorily aerobic , i.e. relies on oxygen for breathing . The catalase test and the oxidase test are positive. Furthermore, Filibacter is heterotrophic , there is no photosynthesis. In contrast to what is usual with many bacteria, as a substrate it can not break down sugar for energy gain. Nor can it utilize organic acids . Filibacter limicola can utilize gelatin through hydrolysis , but it cannot hydrolyze casein and starch .
The best growth occurs at a pH of 7.4, growth below pH 5.7 is not possible. The optimal growth temperature is 20 ° C, slow growth still takes place at temperatures of 4 ° C, no growth at temperatures above 26 ° C. Filibacter limicola can be grown well on a nutrient medium that contains peptones and requires various vitamins for growth .
Chemotaxonomic Features
The GC content (the proportion of the nucleobases guanine and cytosine ) in the bacterial DNA is 44 mol percent. Filibacter has a high proportion of branched fatty acid chains in the membrane lipids . This is v. a. around the fatty acids with the abbreviations anteiso -C 15: 0 ( anteiso- pentadecanoic acid) and anteiso -C 17: 0 ( anteiso -heptadecanoic acid), which in addition to the methyl group (-CH 3 ), which represents the branch, still have the specialty that they belong to the odd-numbered fatty acids with a total of 15 or 17 carbon atoms .
Systematics
The species Filibacter limicola is the only species in the genus Filibacter . It is part of the Planococcaceae family , which in turn is managed in the Firmicutes department .
etymology
The generic name Filibacter is derived from the Greek word filum ("thread") and the Greek word bactron ("rod") and refers to the appearance of these bacteria. The species name is composed of the Latin word limus ("mud") and the Latin word incola ("inhabitant"). Mark Maiden and J. Gwynfryn Jones discovered this new organism by chance during a search in the sediment of the Blelham Tarn , a lake in the English Lake District , from which the name is derived.
swell
literature
- Paul Vos, George Garrity, Dorothy Jones, Noel R. Krieg, Wolfgang Ludwig, Fred A. Rainey, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, William B. Whitman: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume 3: The Firmicutes . Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-0-387-95041-9 .
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d MFJ Maiden, JG Jones: A New Filamentous, Gliding Bacterium, Filibacter limicola gen. Nov. sp. nov., from Lake Sediment . In: Microbiology . tape 130 , no. 11 , November 1, 1984, ISSN 1350-0872 , pp. 2943-2959 , doi : 10.1099 / 00221287-130-11-2943 .
- ↑ a b c d Paul Vos, George Garrity, Dorothy Jones, Noel R. Krieg, Wolfgang Ludwig, Fred A. Rainey, Karl-Heinz Schleifer, William B. Whitman: Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology: Volume 3: The Firmicutes . Springer, 2009, ISBN 978-0-387-95041-9 .
- ^ Jean Euzéby, Aidan C. Parte: Genus Filibacter. In: List of Prokaryotic names with Standing in Nomenclature ( LPSN ). Retrieved December 30, 2013 .
- ↑ G. Bethke, Filibacter limicola, Missouri University of Science and Technology ( Memento of the original from March 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
