Flums
| Flums | |
|---|---|
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| State : |
 Switzerland
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| Canton : |
 Canton of St. Gallen (SG)
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| Constituency : | Sarganserland |
| BFS no. : | 3292 |
| Postal code : | 8890 Flums 8893 Flums Hochwiese 8898 Flumserberg Tannenbodenalp 8895 Flums Portels 8894 Flums Saxli |
| UN / LOCODE : | CH FLU |
| Coordinates : | 744 540 / 217386 |
| Height : | 456 m above sea level M. |
| Height range : | 432-2524 m above sea level M. |
| Area : | 75.15 km² |
| Residents: | 4858 (December 31, 2018) |
| Population density : | 65 inhabitants per km² |
| Website: | www.flums.ch |
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| Location of the municipality | |
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Flums is a medium-sized political municipality in the Sarganserland constituency in the Swiss canton of St. Gallen . Flums consists of the three local communities Flums-Dorf, Grossberg and Kleinberg.
geography
Flums encompasses the Schilstal as far as the southwestern border towards the Canton of Glarus , part of the plain through which the Seez brook flows, the Seeztal , and the western slope of the Alvier chain. Flums is best known for the Flumserberg skiing and hiking area ; the latter is also in the municipality of Quarten .
history
Remains of buildings, shards and coins under St. Justus Church point to a Roman settlement . Traces of a Roman road were discovered at the so-called Heiligenbungert. Flumini was first mentioned in 765 when Bishop Tello von Chur reserved the fourth part of the Fronhof zu Flums in his will. In the Churrätischen Reichsgutsurbar around 850 Flums was named with a baptistery and goods in royal possession. In 881 Charlemagne exchanged Flums, located in Unterrätien, with Bishop Ruodharius von Chur for goods in Alsace. As an episcopal property, Flums was administered by a Vogt; Sifrid von Flums was the first to appear around 1200. In the late Middle Ages, the Chur bishops pledged the rule of F. with Gräpplang Castle, first mentioned in 1249, and redeemed it again. In 1528 Ludwig Tschudi the Younger bought the fortress for 2,400 florins. It remained in the possession of the Tschudi family until 1767. In 1804 it was sold for demolition; since 1923 the ruin has belonged to the municipality of Flums.
Before the Reformation, there was a parish and two chaplain fronds in Flums; the respective Herr von Gräpplang held the collage. In 1529 the Reformation was introduced in Flums on the initiative of Martin Mannhart; the Protestant pastor and Glarus Fridolin Brunner worked here. A year later, the Old Believers received a majority again under Bailiff Aegidius Tschudi .
In 1714, Berschis and Tscherlach separated from Flums church and formed their own parish. The oldest church is the former parish church of St. Justus, under whose late Gothic choir there are remains of an early Carolingian church complex. Between 1861 and 1863, today's parish church of St. Laurentius was built. The oldest chapel is the Romanesque St. Jakobskapelle near Gräpplang with the oldest Romanesque glass painting in Switzerland from around 1180. A round arched window depicting the Madonna and Child has been exhibited in the Swiss National Museum in Zurich since 1889; Frescoes date from around 1300.
In 1798 Flums came to the district of Mels in the canton of Linth, in 1803 to the canton of St. Gallen; the previous districts of Berschis and Tscherlach were added to the municipality of Walenstadt. In 1819 local corporations with pasture and forest division were established, and in 1832 three independent local communities were formed. The Flums secondary school has existed since 1895, it has been located in Flums-Berschis since 1900 and was converted into an upper school center in 1984.
Flums is still dominated by agriculture (cattle breeding, milk production, alpine farming). From 1400 to 1700 Flums played an important role in the smelting of Gonzen ore. Because of the decline in the forest, the iron smelter was moved to Plons in the municipality of Mels. Economic upswing and industrialization began slowly from 1850 onwards, benefiting from the connection to the Zurich-Chur railway line in 1859 and the use of the water power of the Schils. In 1866 the brothers Heinrich and Johann Spoerry founded a cotton spinning mill, which was still the most important manufacturing company in the community in 2000. The Spoerry company also built a carbide factory in 1900. Flumroc AG has existed since 1969, producing insulation from rock wool. The Flumroc Group also includes the former Maschinenfabrik Flums AG in Flums, the Maschinenfabrik Hartmann, which was founded in 1853; today Flumec AG and Pamag AG. In the 20th century, Flums and the Flumserberge developed into a spa, skiing and hiking area. Today tourism is an important branch of business alongside agriculture, industry and commerce.
literature
- Collection of Swiss Legal Sources, XIV. Department: The Legal Sources of the Canton of St. Gallen, Part Three: The Landscapes and Country Cities, Volume 2: The Legal Sources of the Sarganserland by Sibylle Malamud and Pascale Sutter, Basel 2013 [1] .
population
Flums currently has a population of 4829 inhabitants (as of January 1, 2015). The proportion of foreigners of 22.9% is just below the national average.
| Population development | |
|---|---|
| year | Residents |
| 1739 | 1864 |
| 1850 | 2577 |
| 1900 | 3567 |
| 1950 | 4833 |
| 1970 | 4474 |
| 2000 | 4882 |
| 2015 | 4829 |
Religions
The majority of the inhabitants belong to a Christian religion; 64.9% are Roman Catholic , just under 9% are Protestant . The remaining inhabitants belong to another religion or are non-denominational.
economy
traffic
Flums has good transport links. In addition to a connection to the A3 motorway, there are main roads that lead into the mountains and are connected to the Walenseestrasse .
There is also a well-developed bus network . A bus line leads to Walenstadt . Another bus line connects the Sargans railway junction via Flums with the holiday resort of Flumserberg .
The Ziegelbrücke-Chur railway line runs a little out of town and includes a train station near Flums. In addition to the S4 of the St. Gallen S-Bahn , the RegioExpress Zurich-Chur also stops here in the evening .
tourism
The community owns a large part of the Flumser Mountains , which are a popular tourist attraction in winter and summer. In addition to hiking tours, there is also a large network of chair lifts and gondola lifts. One of the sights is the stately ruins of Gräpplang Castle .
Industry
Flums experienced an industrial boom at the beginning of the last century. As a result, many factories were created, including the spinning mill Spoerry & Co. AG , which is known throughout Switzerland and which ceased operations at the end of January 2009 as one of the last Swiss spinning mills.
The Flumroc company manufactures stone wool products for heat and noise insulation.
The internationally operating company Bartholet Maschinenbau AG (BMF) manufactures all types of cable cars , amusement parks and other passenger transport systems. The systems for amusement parks are sold by the subsidiary Swiss Rides AG .
In 1970 the Hagerbach test tunnel was founded by engineer Rudolf Amberg and partners. At the foot of the Eichbuel, a tunnel over five kilometers long was excavated in the hard and tough silica limestone, which has now become Europe's largest private research facility during the day. Various technical researches and developments are carried out here and various services are provided.
Culture and sights
Carnival
There are two carnival societies in Flums, namely the carnival society Flums and the Schwarzen Engel Flums . The Black Angels are a traditional group of customs. They consist of the male Butzi , who are disguised as devils, and the female Chrüterwyber . The head of the Black Angels is the reigning court jester. It is chosen as a suggestion by the old court jesters in October and proposed to the carnival people in the cellar of the Pöstli at the cage open . All wooden larvae (wooden masks) of the Black Angels are carved by Hugo Reichlin (court jester Hugo I) and some are over 50 years old. The Black Angels go back to the fact that Mardi Gras has been school free for the students of Flums for a long time.
Personalities
- Fridolin Brunner (1498–1570), Protestant pastor, worked as a reformer in Flums from 1530–1531
- Johann Baptist Umberg (1875–1959), Jesuit and professor at the theological faculty of the University of Innsbruck
- Alois Senti (1930–2015), editor, author, folklorist, legend researcher
- Edmund Bruggmann (1943–2014), ski racer
- Max Rüdlinger (* 1949), actor
- Ernst Good (* 1950), ski racer
- Marie-Theres Nadig (* 1954), ski racer and Olympic champion
gallery
The train station at daybreak
Flums with the Churfirsten
Lindenplatz
Old cemetery at the Justuskirche
Catholic Church of Saint Lawrence
Protestant church
literature
- Erwin Rothenhäusler, Dora Fanny Rittmeyer, Benedikt Frei: The Art Monuments of the Canton of St. Gallen, Volume I: Sargans District. (= Art Monuments of Switzerland. Volume 25). Edited by the Society for Swiss Art History GSK. Bern 1951. DNB 750089172 .
- Anton Müller: History of the rule and community of Flums. At the same time a contribution to the history of the Sarganserland, Gossau 1916.
- Anton Müller: The legal relationships of the local communities in Flums , Flums 1916.
- JJ Kubly-Müller: The Tschudi - Freiherr von Flums and Schloss Gräpplang , in yearbook GL 42, 1920, pages 1-54
- H. Thalmann: Industry in the Sarganserland , 1943
- H. Schmied-Neukomm, Le vitrail de Flums , in ZAK 47, 1990, pages 213-234
- Rudolf Gadient: The trade in Flums around 1800-1945 , in Terra plana, 2001, No. 4, pages 9-14
- Rudolf Gadient: beggars, wicked people, paupers. The poor of Flums in the 19th century. Chronos, Zurich 1991, ISBN 3-905278-72-3 .
- Flums-Gräpplang. 4000 years of history . By Mathias Bugg, David Imper, Wolfgang Neubauer, Fritz Rigendinger, Martin P. Schindler. 2006 Pro Gräpplang Flums Foundation.
Web links
- Official website of the municipality of Flums
- Website of the local community of Flums
- Werner Vogler: Flums. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- Website of the Black Angel Flums
Individual evidence
- ↑ Permanent and non-permanent resident population by year, canton, district, municipality, population type and gender (permanent resident population). In: bfs. admin.ch . Federal Statistical Office (FSO), August 31, 2019, accessed on December 22, 2019 .
- ↑ Kleinberg
- ↑ Werner Vogler: Flums. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ↑ Portrait, statistics on the website of the political municipality Flums, accessed on January 8, 2015
- ↑ Werner Vogler: Flums. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
- ↑ Jost Auf der Maur: Discretion underground. Europe's largest research facility is located in a kilometer-long tunnel system near Flums. Taiwan's fire brigade trains here and a mysterious car manufacturer is working. An excerpt from the book, Tagesanzeiger, Tamedia, Zurich May 6, 2017, pages 39–40