Franz Tappeiner
_Dr._Franz_Tappeiner.jpg)
.jpg)
Franz Tappeiner (born January 7, 1816 in Laas, South Tyrol , † August 20, 1902 in Meran ) was an Austrian doctor , botanist and anthropologist . Its official botanical author abbreviation is “ Tapp. "
biography
Franz Tappeiner was born as the son of the Lorentzhof farmer Josef and his wife Katharina Lechthaler in Laas in Vinschgau . After attending the Benedictine grammar school in Merano , he completed a medical degree and received his doctorate in Vienna in January 1843 . Back in Laas, he first opened a doctor's practice in order to move to Meran in 1846, where he treated patients from all over the Habsburg monarchy . As a spa doctor, he also successfully practiced new healing methods. His marriage to Mathilde von Tschiderer in 1847 resulted in two children: Hermann (1847–1927), later a doctor and pharmacologist, and Hedwig (1849–1929). After the defeat in the election to the Frankfurt National Assembly in 1848, he devoted himself exclusively to his medical practice with the aim of building an appropriate sanitary infrastructure in the spa town , for example as a co-founder of a whey spa . Tappeiner was also involved in local politics as a member of the spa board and helped shape the Merano spa regulations . After the death of his wife in 1878, he turned to anthropology . A skull collection created by him is now in the Natural History Museum in Vienna . In 1898 Emperor Franz Joseph bestowed him the inheritable title of noble noble von Tappein .
Tappeiner was also active as a botanist . He described and herbarized over 6,000 plants. Tappeiner put at his own expense Tappeinerweg to an extension after two now nearly six-kilometer promenade in Meran and Dorf Tirol . The Tappeinerweg is located on the slope of the Küchelberg about 100 m above the Merano valley basin; When the weather is clear, it offers a wonderful view of the city of Merano and is richly planted with Mediterranean trees and shrubs.
In 1886 Franz Tappeiner was granted honorary citizenship of the city after donating 2,000 guilders to charitable and charitable causes. He died on August 19, 1902 in Obermais .
The doctor Franz Tappeiner
After completing his medical studies at the University of Vienna on January 31, 1843, he opened a doctor's practice with an attached small pharmacy in his home town of Laas in June of the same year. He was particularly valued as a surgeon and ophthalmologist, but also because of the treatment of spotted fever. At the end of 1846 he moved to Merano, where he observed the positive effects of the local climate in the treatment of nervous disorders, anemia and lung diseases. He put his attention to the transfer of pulmonary tuberculosis and already came before the discovery of the tubercle bacillus by Robert Koch concluded that the contagion takes place over the air or by inhalation. When a cholera epidemic broke out in 1855 , Tappeiner published a pamphlet to calm the population by providing information on the prevention, infection and treatment of cholera.
Botany and anthropology
Franz Tappeiner already devoted himself to botany during his studies in Prague and began to collect botanical evidence from all over Tyrol . His herbarium finally amounted to 3,624 plant species. He tried to pursue a scientific career in the botanical field and unsuccessfully applied for the position as a scientific assistant at the Botanical Institute of the University of Vienna . Before a planned but never carried out expedition to Sumatra , he donated a herbarium to the Ferdinandeum in Innsbruck. Anthropological studies finally took him through all of Tyrol to the area of the seven municipalities in order to determine the origin of the local population with the help of measurements on 4,935 skulls and 3,185 heads. His skull collection is now in the Natural History Museum in Vienna . In the last years of his life, Franz Tappeiner summarized his research results in numerous writings.
The Tappeinerweg
After the completion of Passeirer Straße in 1891, Franz Tappeiner suggested to the Mayor of Merano, Roman Weinberger, and to the spa director, Wilhelm von Pernwerth, that a promenade be built that would reach the Powder Tower from the Gilf and lead back to the town hall via serpentines . The idea was unanimously approved and the city council decided to name the new promenade after its founder. Work on the Tappeinerweg facility began on April 13, 1892. The project engineers were the engineer Falkenstein and the city engineer Karl Huber. The companies Covi and Tomasini were awarded the contract for the construction. Horticultural director Julius Hermer was entrusted with the selection of the planting. The official opening of the Tappeinerweg on November 18, 1893 goes hand in hand with the inauguration of the monument in honor of its founder and financier. Large parts of the population were present at the important celebration. Although he had financed the construction of the path, the shy and reserved Franz Tappeiner stayed away from the ceremony.
Honors
In addition to the Tappeinerweg, the Tappeinersteg in Merano, a primary school and the local hospital are named after him. A bust created by Julius Steiner commemorates him on Tappeinerweg . There are more busts in front of the Merano Hospital, which was unveiled on the occasion of the 100th birthday of the Merano Hospital on September 9, 2005. Another is located on the winter promenade of Merano.
On the occasion of Franz Tappeiner's 200th birthday, the Palais Mamming Museum organized a conference in March 2016 in the Pavillon des Fleurs in Merano. The bilingual conference proceedings were published in June 2017 with the title Franz Tappeiner. Spa doctor and patron - Medico e mecenate .
Works
- Studies on the anthropology of Tyrol and the Sette Comuni . 1883. (online)
- The European man and the Tyrolean . 1896.
literature
- Hans Riedler: Dr. Franz Tappeiner Edler von Tappein. His life and work . Tappeiner, Lana 1984.
- Ulrike Kindl , Patrick Rina (eds.): Franz Tappeiner. Spa doctor and patron - Medico e mecenate . (Merabilia Storia Meran / o History. Palais Mamming, Volume 1). Athesia-Tappeiner, Bozen 2017. ISBN 978-88-68392499 .
Web links
- Author entry and list of the described plant names for Franz Tappeiner at the IPNI
- Entry on Franz Tappeiner in the Austria Forum (in the AEIOU Austria Lexicon )
- Obituary in the Meraner Zeitung from August 20, 1902
- [1]
Individual evidence
- ^ Obituary in Der Bote für Tirol of August 20, 1902, p. 2
- ↑ Meraner Zeitung of January 9, 1886 p.2
- ↑ Pustertaler Bote from January 8, 1886, p. 2
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Tappeiner, Franz |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Austrian doctor, botanist and anthropologist |
| DATE OF BIRTH | January 7, 1816 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Laas , South Tyrol |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 20, 1902 |
| Place of death | Meran |