Franz von Gaudy

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Franz von Gaudy (1800–1840)
Signature Franz von Gaudy.PNG

Franz von Gaudy (born April 19, 1800 in Frankfurt (Oder) , † February 5, 1840 in Berlin ) was a German poet and novelist.

Coat of arms of those of Gaudi (Gaudy)

Life

Franz Bernhard Heinrich Wilhelm Freiherr von Gaudy came from a Scottish family that belonged to the Prussian military aristocracy. His father, Friedrich Wilhelm Leopold von Gaudi (1765–1823), Lieutenant General, was entrusted with various tasks during the Wars of Liberation, from 1809–1813 military governor of the future King Friedrich Wilhelm IV ; his mother was Countess Constantia Ottilie Franziska Johanna von Schmettow-Pommerzig (1772-1817), who was known as a subtle admirer of Jean-Jacques Rousseau . Gaudy attended the French grammar school in Berlin from 1810-1815 and the princely school in Schulpforta from 1815-1818 . At the request of his father, he joined the Prussian army against his will in 1818 ( 1st Guards Regiment on foot in Potsdam ) and was promoted to lieutenant in 1819. Due to debts he was transferred to the 10th Line Regiment in Breslau / Brieg , from there in 1825 to the 6th Regiment in Glogau and the Grand Duchy of Posen. In 1825 he was imprisoned in the Glogau fortress and in 1827 in the Silberberg fortress (Silesia). After his father's death, he suddenly found himself impoverished and forced to spend more years in the military. He already wrote poetry as a schoolboy and from 1823 published in Silesian magazines and almanacs. He adored Jean Paul and occasionally emulated his style. He was also interested in historical, especially heraldic studies. He practiced his language skills in translations from Polish , Old French and Provençal .

Gaudy's first work, Erato , 1829, consists of three parts: Freud 'und Leid (poems, dedicated to Heinrich Heine), Wasserrosen (prose, dedicated to the writer August von Blumroeder) and elegies (dedicated to his former bride). In 1832, thought leaps of one of those who escaped cholera, satirical pieces.

In 1833 Gaudy retired from the military and since then has lived with a small pension of 120 thalers a year as a professional writer in Berlin after 15 years in the army . He always remained a poor lieutenant. Chamisso introduced him to the Wednesday company , where he socialized with Joseph von Eichendorff , Friedrich de la Motte Fouqué and Willibald Alexis and August Kopisch . In addition to Chamisso, he worked on the editing of the German Musenalmanach . In 1835 he went on a trip to Italy with Franz Kugler , after which he published Mein Römerzug (1836) and From the diary of a wandering tailor , a cheerful, ironic tale, his best-known work. He financed his second trip to Italy from 1838–1839 with articles in Cottas Morgenblatt for educated readers, Allgemeine Zeitung and Das Ausland.

Completely unexpectedly, he died of a stroke on February 5, 1840 . The manuscripts of his last works, which had already been prepared for printing, did not appear in the complete edition until 1844. His grave is in Cemetery I of the Jerusalem and New Church Congregation in Berlin Tempelhof-Kreuzberg (Zossener Strasse entrance) next to the important tombs of his great-uncle, the State and War Minister Leopold Otto von Gaudi (1728–1789) and his daughter and the general Friedrich Wilhelm von Lüderitz (all with a rough protective roof). After the Second World War, Gaudy's grave was wildly overgrown and no longer recognizable without a tombstone; In cooperation with the Ev. Friedhofsverband Berlin Stadtmitte and the Foundation for Historical Cemeteries and Cemeteries in Berlin-Brandenburg, the grave was restored and the pillow stone replaced. This was celebrated with a memorial at the tomb on September 29, 2018.

Artistic creation

Gaudy began with small articles in Silesian newspapers and wrote dramatic scenes , inspired by his literary friends Karl Schall and Karl von Holtei from Wroclaw . In 1829 a volume of poems ( Erato ) was published, which were influenced by Heinrich Heine's style. Together with Chamisso, he translated chansons by Pierre-Jean de Béranger , whose easily catchy tone and preference for everyday topics he adopted in the Korallen Collection (1834). In his Roman epic Kaiser-Lieder (1835), he paid homage to Napoleon , which brought him success with the public, but at the same time made him a “controversial author” in the politically reactionary climate of the Restoration and Biedermeier periods . He became popular through his travel reports ( Mein Römerzug , Berlin 1836, 3 vol.) And stories from Italy, especially the Venetian novels and the humorous story from the diary of a wandering tailor . As a novelist, he was valued for his humorous touch and the imaginative liveliness of his narrative style.

effect

Gaudy was a widely read author until the end of the 19th century, but afterwards he was forgotten. Theodor Heuss suspects Gaudy's influence on Julius Stindes Buchholzens in Italy . Rudi Schweikert has shown a wealth of quotations and motifs taken from Gaudy's works by Arno Schmidt .

Gaudystrasse in the Berlin district of Prenzlauer Berg was named after him.

Works (selection)

  • Erato (Glogau 1829)
  • Leap of thoughts of one of those who escaped from cholera (Glogau 1832)
  • Shield sagas (Glogau 1834)
  • Coral (Glogau. 1834)
  • Desengaño (Leipzig 1834)
  • From the diary of a journeyman tailor (Leipzig. 1836, new edition. 1871)
  • My Roman Procession (Berlin 1836, 3 volumes)
  • Novellettes (Berlin 1837)
  • Venetian novellas (Bunzlau 1838, 2 volumes)
  • Novellas and Sketches (Berlin 1839)
  • All works , 24 volumes, edited by Arthur Müller. Berlin: Klemann, 1844 (new edition in 8 volumes 1853)

Translations

  • Historical songs of the Poles, by Jul [ian] Urs [yn] Niemcewicz, metrically edited by Franz Freiherrn Gaudy (Leipzig. 1833, digitized at Google Books: [1] )
  • The novel of Rollo and the Dukes of Normandy by Robert Wace (Leipzig. 1835)
  • Clotilde von Vallon-Chalys, fifteenth-century poet (Berlin 1837, digitized at Google Books: [2] )
  • Béranger's Lieder: selection in free arrangement (Leipzig 1838, new edition 1873), in collaboration with Adelbert von Chamisso .

literature

  • Doris Fouquet-Plümacher: Who is Franz Freiherr Gaudy? In: Heilbronner Kleist-Blätter 28 (2016), pp. 578-591. - Fouquet-Plümacher, Doris: Franz Freiherr Gaudy redivivus. In: Oh, Kleist! Edited by Günther Emig, No. 1, 2019, pp. 131-134.
  • Doris Fouquet-Plümacher: Franz Freiherr Gaudy 1827 on the fortress Silberberg (Silesia) . Kleist-Museum Frankfurt (Oder) 2020. ( Frankfurter Buntbücher 65)
  • Rolf Füllmann: The plague, the vampire and Venice as a place of horror: 'The Calvi' by Franz Freiherr Gaudy. In: Dieter Petzold (Hrsg.): Inklings yearbook for literature and aesthetics. Volume 27, 2010, pp. 11-36
  • Karl Fulda: Chamisso and his time. Carl Reissner, Leipzig 1881, pp. 200–207 (description of his life based on a communication from Gaudy's sister Constanze von Kalckreuth), p. 265f. (to Gaudy's French translation of Chamisso's poem Le Château de Boncourt )
  • Richard von Meerheimb :  Gaudy, Franz Freiherr von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 8, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1878, p. 419.
  • Rainer Hillenbrand (Ed.): Semi-tame in a ragged world: Letters from and to Franz Freiherrn Gaudy . Lang, Frankfurt a. M. [u. a.] 2002, ISBN 3-631-39466-7
  • Fritz Martini :  Gaudy, Franz Bernhard Heinrich Wilhelm Freiherr von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 6, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 1964, ISBN 3-428-00187-7 , p. 95 f. ( Digitized version ).
  • Hans-Rüdiger Merten: Research on Theodor Fontane, Leopold Friedrich Günther von Geockingk, Friedrich von Matthisson and Franz Freiherr von Gaudy . projekte verlag 188, Halle adS 2005, ISBN 3-938227-45-1
  • Johannes Reiske: Franz Freiherr von Gaudy as a poet . Mayer & Müller, Berlin 1911 (= Palaestra, 60); Chapters I-II previously as a dissertation, Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Berlin, Mayer & Müller, Berlin 1906 ( digitized version )
  • Franz Freiherr von Gaudy: Frau Venus Edited and with an afterword by Heiko Postma . jmb, Hannover 2010. ISBN 978-3-940970-75-6
  • New nekrolog der Deutschen, 1840, part 1, p.178f

Web links

Wikisource: Franz von Gaudy  - Sources and full texts

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Zedlitz-Neukirch, Leopold von (Ed.): Pantheon of the Prussian Army, a biogr. Manual for military and civil persons. Berlin 1835, p. 224f.
  2. ↑ Ranking and quarter list of the Royal. Prussian Army 1825, p. 64.
  3. ↑ Ranking and quarter list of the Royal. Prussian Army 1834, p. 73. “The editor of his Complete Works, Arthur Mueller (Aachen 1804–1866 Berlin), wrongly declared the pension to be a“ small monthly allowance ”from the Crown Prince (Gaudys Leben, p. XLIX). "
  4. ↑ Busch, Anna: Hitzig and Berlin. To organize literature (1800–1840). Hannover 2014, on Wednesday Society pp. 124-197.
  5. ^ Franz Freiherr Gaudy :: Complete Works. Edited by Arthur Mueller. Vol. 1-24. Berlin: Carl J. Klemann 1844.
  6. ^ Theodor Heuss: Wilhelmine Buchholz. Julius Stinde. In: Theodor Heuss: In front of the book wall. Sketches of poets and poetry. Wunderlich, Tübingen 1961, pp. 193–196.
  7. ↑ Rudi Schweikert (Ed.): Franz Freiherr Gaudy, Black Seal . Munich: text + kritik, 1986
personal data
SURNAME Gaudy, Franz von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Gaudy, Franz Bernhard Heinrich Wilhelm von; Gaudy, Franz B. von; Gaudy, Franz Bernhard Wilhelm von; Gaudy, Franz Bernhard von; Gaudy, Franz
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Poet and novelist
DATE OF BIRTH April 19, 1800
PLACE OF BIRTH Frankfurt (Oder)
DATE OF DEATH February 5, 1840
Place of death Berlin